essay writing in drawing

Essay on Drawing

500 words essay on drawing.

Drawing is a simplistic art whose concern is with making marks. Furthermore, drawing is a way of communicating or expressing a particular feeling of an artist. Let us focus on this unique form of art with this essay on drawing.

Essay On Drawing

Significance of Drawing

Drawing by itself is an art that gives peace and pleasure. Furthermore, learning the art of drawing can lead to efficiency in other mediums. Also, having an accurate drawing is the basis of a realistic painting.

Drawing has the power to make people more expressive. It is well known that the expression of some people can’t always take place by the use of words and actions only. Therefore, drawing can serve as an important form of communication for people.

It is possible to gain insight into the thoughts and feelings of people through their drawings. Moreover, this can happen by examining the colour pattern, design, style, and theme of the drawing. One good advantage of being able to express through drawing is the boosting of one’s emotional intelligence .

Drawing enhances the motor skills of people. In fact, when children get used to drawing, their motor skills can improve from a young age. Moreover, drawing improves the hand and eye coordination of people along with fine-tuning of the finger muscles.

Drawing is a great way for people to let their imaginations run wild. This is because when people draw, they tend to access their imagination from the depths of their mind and put it on paper. With continuous drawing, people’s imagination would become more active as they create things on paper that they find in their surroundings.

How to Improve Drawing Skills

One of the best ways to improve drawing skills is to draw something every day. Furthermore, one must not feel pressure to make this drawing a masterpiece. The main idea here is to draw whatever comes to mind.

For drawing on a regular basis, one can make use of repetitive patterns, interlocking circles , doodles or anything that keeps the pencil moving. Therefore, it is important that one must avoid something complex or challenging to start.

Printing of a picture one desires to draw, along with its tracing numerous times, is another good way of improving drawing skills. Moreover, this helps in the building of muscle memory for curves and angles on the subject one would like to draw. In this way, one would be able to quickly improve drawing skills.

One must focus on drawing shapes, instead of outlines, at the beginning of a drawing. For example, in the case of drawing a dog, one must first focus on the head by creating an oval. Afterwards, one can go on adding details and connecting shapes.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Conclusion of the Essay on Drawing

Drawing is an art that has the power of bringing joy to the soul. Furthermore, drawing is a way of representing one’s imagination on a piece of paper. Also, it is a way of manipulating lines and colours to express one’s thoughts.

FAQs For Essay on Drawing

Question 1: Explain the importance of drawing?

Answer 1: Drawing plays a big role in our cognitive development. Furthermore, it facilitates people in improving hand-eye coordination, analytic skills, creative thinking, and conceptualising ideas. As such, drawing must be used as a tool for learning in schools.

Question 2: What are the attributes that drawing can develop in a person?

Answer 2: The attributes that drawing can develop in a person are collaboration, non-verbal communication, creativity, focus-orientation, perseverance, and confidence.

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Writing on Drawing

Essays on drawing practice and research.

Edited by Steve Garner

Increased public and academic interest in drawing and sketching, both traditional and digital, has allowed drawing research to emerge recently as a discipline in its own right. In light of this development, Writing on Drawing presents a collection of essays that reveal a provocative agenda for the field, analyzing the latest work on creativity, education, and thinking from a variety of perspectives. Bringing together contributions by leading artists and researchers, this volume offers consolidation, discussion, and guidance for a previously fragmented discipline. Available for the first time in paperback, it will be an essential resource for artists, scientists, designers, and engineers.

Art: Art--General Studies

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“This book captures the range of current debates, each contributor addresses themes that are significant to the development of drawing both as a practice and as a critical discourse. The book helps to outline an intellectual frame of reference for drawing practices, and allows an interdisciplinary conversation around the role of these activities in the wider world. This is an impressive achievement, as an academic who wishes to explore drawing as a cognitive process and as an artist working in the mass mediated world where the language of drawing has found a vital role, this book will be invaluable for me and to my students.”—Mario Minichiello, Birmingham City University

Mario Minichiello, Birmingham City University

“The past decade has seen a change of attitude towards drawing. Its importance as an element in human intelligence is now widely appreciated. However, there has not been a clear picture of research in the field or an agenda for future investigation. Writing on Drawing fills this gap. It gives an insight into current work and it is clear that a paradigm shift is underway. Drawing is, of course, strongly identified with art and design but it is now being seen in a much broader context. The contributions to this book give a new insight into this fascinating activity.”

Ken Baynes, Loughborough University

“Most art libraries have nothing in their holdings that quite resembles this book. . . . Recommended.”

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Largest Compilation of Structured Essays and Exams

My Hobby Drawing – Essay on My Hobby Drawing in English for Students

May 23, 2020 by Leya Leave a Comment

Table of Contents

My Hobby Drawing – Essay 1

When I was 5 years old, I loved to play with colors. I always used to use my elder sister’s pencil colors. Since then, my love for drawing and painting has increased. Everyone has some kind of habit and hobbies, and in my opinion, everyone should have hobbies. There are lots of benefits of hobbies. It gives freedom to express. It gives wings to the creator. It can be a stress bursting.

Essay on my Hobby : My favourite hobby drawing

As I mentioned above, my hobby of drawing started when I was 5. At first, I was just using colors to paint. I used just to draw some random pictures. I used to draw something every day. That is how I developed my drawing skills. I used to take part in various competitions. I was very interested in taking part in multiple events. I won lots of medals, trophies, and certificates by taking participate in these kinds of competitions and events. Apart from that, when I improved my skill, I started painting for others. I used to draw for my friends, cousins, and family members. I used to participate in school events. I was popular among my friends in my school days. Everyone wanted to make drawing for them. It gave me more motivation to do something new and to upgrade my skill.

Why do I love drawing?

I love drawing because it gave me respect. It made me popular among my friends. One of the major reasons why I love drawing because it gives me wings to fly. I can draw anything which is in my mind. I can express my thoughts through drawing. I draw various things. I draw for a social cause. I draw about the current situation. I love drawing because I can speak through my drawing and painting without uttering a word. I love drawing because this hobby is my favorite timepass. I draw in every mood. It helps me put my emotions on the canvas. Whenever I feel low or sad, I just put my sketchbook out from the cupboard and start drawing anything, whatever in my mind. People call it freestyle painting, it means without any purpose. After that, I feel very satisfied.

Benefits of Drawing

There is no particular benefit of drawing. But if we talk, there are many. There are several benefits of drawing, which I will be mentioning below.

It develops fine motor skills. Any specialized movement of hand, wrist, and fingers are included in fine motor skills. As an adult, you rely more on these fine motor skills whenever you type, write, drive, or even when you text on mobile. Holding and manipulating writing implements represent one of the best ways to improve fine motor skills. The drawing creates immediate visual feedback. That depends on what kind of writing instrument the child is holding.

It encourages visual analysis. Children don’t understand the concepts that you take for granted. Such as distance, size, color, or textural differences. Drawing offers the perfect opportunity for your child to learn these concepts. It helps children to get knowledge about fundamental visuals. To support this fundamental visual, give small projects to your children on an everyday basis. Which will help them get the difference between near and far, fat and thin, big and small, etc.?

It helps establish concentration. Most children enjoy drawing. this activity provides time to establish concentration. It helps children to concentrate. It helps children to practice drawing and eventually, it helps children to concentrate. It helps children observe small details.

It helps improves hand-eye concentration. In addition to improving fine motor skills, drawing enables your child to understand the connection between what they see and what they do. This hand-eye coordination is important in athletic and academic scenarios such as penmanship lessons, as well as in recreational situations. For a hand-eye coordination boost, have your child draw an object while looking at it or copy a drawing that you made.

It increases individual confidence. As a parent or guardian, you probably love to hear what your child has made new today. He or she gains confidence. When your child has an opportunity to create physical representations of his or her imagination, thoughts, and experiences. Drawing can help your child feel more intrinsic motivation and validity. This will make him or her more confident in other areas that may not come as naturally as drawing.

It teaches creative problem-solving. Drawing encourages your child to solve problems creatively, Along with visual analysis and concentration. When they draw, your child must determine the best way to connect body parts, portray emotions, and depict specific textures. Always Provide specific drawing tasks, such as creating a family portrait, and talk about your child’s color, method, or special choices that can help him or her develop stronger problem-solving skills over time.

Drawing events

As I mentioned, I loved taking part in the competition. When competing in the event, I used to meet many more talented people. It motivated me. I have lots of painter friends now. Whenever I get stuck in the painting, they help me. When I used to participate, I won lots of medals and trophies. It motivated me a lot, too. Several drawing and painting events are happening every day across the world. I used to take part in most of the interschool and state-level competition. I used to take part in online events, too. It helped me know what kind of talents are there in the world.

My future in drawing

I will try to continue my drawing skills in the future also. I am learning more skills related to painting. I am currently focusing on graphic designing and doodling. The world is moving towards digitalization. That is the reason I am trying my hands there too. There is many things to learn from now. I am looking forward to doing that. Moreover, I am very excited.

In the end, I want to add that everyone should have one hobby. It helps a lot in daily life. It helps to build your social image.

My Hobby Drawing – Essay 2

Drawing is something I enjoy doing in my free time and it is my favourite hobby. Although I love to dance and sing, drawing has a special place in my heart.

When I was in kindergarten, my teacher drew a rose on the blackboard using a few simple shapes. I was surprised that it is so easy to create a rose on paper. I tried drawing it in my book and was really very happy when the little triangles I drew started resembling the flower. That was when I started enjoying drawing.

I understood that all complex images can be drawn by breaking them down into simple shapes. I used to follow instructions from children’s magazines on how you can improve your drawing. Recently, my sister has introduced me to YouTube drawing tutorials. Through these videos, I have learnt to draw beautiful Disney princesses and different types of fruits.

Colour Pencils, Crayons, and Oil Pastels

I was taught to use crayons and pencil colours during art classes in school. Later, I started using oil pastels, as these colours are much brighter than the others. Oil pastels add a special colour pop to the painting and these are easy to use, like crayons. There are several artists in the world who specialise in painting with oil pastels. These works of art also look like oil paintings.

The Motivation to Draw

I feel very happy when I complete a painting and my friends admire my work. My teacher has told me that I am very good at colouring. She has also encouraged me to participate in several drawing competitions as a representative of the school. So I take great pleasure in saying that my hobby is drawing.

One of my biggest sources of inspiration is my mother, who draws like a professional artist! She uses watercolours in most of her paintings. I have recently started using watercolours and I feel it is a lot of fun working with this medium.

The beauty of the colours blending into each other cannot be easily expressed in words. I have used watercolours to paint sunsets and to make abstract paintings. I prefer to use the colours in the tube, rather than the watercolour cakes.

Drawing Events

There are several drawing events that people follow these days. Inktober is an annual event where an artist creates one ink drawing each day for the whole month of October. The drawings will be based on prompts that are decided before the event. Artists display their work on social media and other forums for comments and criticisms.

I am looking forward to participating in Inktober this year. It will be fun to see the different drawings that people come up with for the same prompt.

My Future in Drawing

I intend to continue learning new drawing techniques like mandala art, doodling, and oil painting. There is so much to learn out there, and I am excited to try them all! My mother has promised me that she would enrol me into some painting classes where I can improve my skills in my hobby, drawing. I understand that practise is crucial here, and I should try to draw at least one illustration per day to improve my work.

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Essay Papers Writing Online

Learn the step-by-step process to write an effective and captivating illustration essay that engages readers and showcases your analytical and critical thinking skills.

Exploring the vast realm of writing is akin to embarking on a captivating journey through the realm of ideas, thoughts, and knowledge accumulation. One of the most intriguing genres that allows individuals to express their creativity and analytical skills is the illustration essay. This unique form of writing serves as a powerful tool enabling authors to convey complex concepts in a clear and engaging manner. By utilizing varied examples, anecdotes, and visuals, writers are granted the opportunity to illuminate their perspectives on a multitude of subjects, ranging from art and literature to science and social issues.

In order to create an effective illustration essay, authors should take into account several key recommendations. Firstly, it is vital to select compelling and relevant illustrations that will serve as the backbone of the entire composition. These examples should be carefully chosen to emphasize the core message of the essay while capturing the attention of the readers. Allowing the audience to easily grasp the main arguments and ideas will result in a more enjoyable and enlightening reading experience.

Secondly, the structure of an illustration essay should be meticulously crafted to ensure the seamless flow of ideas and concepts. By employing a logical and coherent structure, writers can lead their readers through a thought-provoking journey. The essay should start with a strong and attention-grabbing introduction that presents the topic and establishes the purpose of the composition. Subsequently, each paragraph should be dedicated to a single illustration, supported by relevant evidence and presented in a clear and concise manner.

Choose a Focused and Specific Topic

When writing an illustration essay, it is important to choose a topic that is focused and specific. This means selecting a subject that is narrow enough to be effectively explored within the constraints of the essay, while also being broad enough to provide ample examples and evidence.

By choosing a focused and specific topic, you will be able to delve deeper into your subject matter and provide a more comprehensive analysis. This will not only make your essay more engaging to readers, but it will also allow you to showcase your knowledge and understanding of the topic.

When selecting a topic, consider your own interests and expertise. Choose a subject that you are passionate about and have a good understanding of, as this will make the writing process more enjoyable and productive. Additionally, consider the availability of examples and evidence that can support your arguments and illustrate your main points.

Benefits of choosing a focused and specific topic:
1. Allows for a deeper analysis
2. Engages readers
3. Showcases knowledge and understanding
4. Makes the writing process more enjoyable
5. Availability of examples and evidence

In conclusion, when writing an illustration essay, it is crucial to choose a focused and specific topic that allows for a comprehensive analysis and engages readers. By selecting a subject that aligns with your interests and expertise, you will be able to create a more impactful and effective essay.

Gather Sufficient Evidence and Examples

When writing an illustration essay, it is crucial to gather ample evidence and examples to support your ideas and strengthen your arguments. By providing convincing evidence and relevant examples, you can effectively illustrate your point and make your essay more persuasive.

One way to gather evidence is through thorough research. Take the time to immerse yourself in reputable sources such as books, academic journals, and credible websites. Look for information that directly relates to your topic and supports your main idea. The more evidence you gather, the stronger your essay will be.

In addition to gathering evidence, it is important to provide examples that illustrate your points. Examples can come in various forms such as statistics, personal anecdotes, or case studies. These examples should be specific, relevant, and clearly demonstrate the concepts you are trying to convey. By using a range of examples, you can appeal to different types of readers and make your essay more engaging.

When gathering evidence and examples, it is also crucial to consider opposing viewpoints. By addressing counterarguments and presenting opposing evidence, you can strengthen your own argument. This shows that you have thoroughly considered different perspectives and have come to a well-rounded conclusion. Additionally, addressing counterarguments can help you anticipate any potential objections from your audience and address them proactively.

In conclusion, gathering sufficient evidence and examples is essential for writing an effective illustration essay. By thoroughly researching your topic, providing relevant examples, and considering opposing viewpoints, you can create a well-supported and persuasive essay that effectively illustrates your ideas.

Use Clear and Concise Language

In order to effectively convey your message in an illustration essay, it is crucial to utilize clear and concise language. By choosing your words carefully and avoiding unnecessary jargon or complicated terms, you can ensure that your readers will understand your ideas easily. This clarity and conciseness will enhance the overall readability of your essay and enable your audience to follow your thoughts and arguments effortlessly.

When writing an illustration essay, it is important to remember that your goal is to illuminate a specific topic or concept. Clarity in language helps you achieve this by ensuring that your readers can grasp your intended meaning without any confusion or ambiguity. Using precise and straightforward language also helps you maintain the reader’s interest, as they can quickly and easily comprehend your ideas.

Additionally, concise language helps you make the most of your limited word count. By choosing your words carefully and removing any unnecessary fluff or repetition, you can maintain the reader’s attention and avoid overwhelming them with extraneous information. Conciseness allows you to present your arguments in a succinct and impactful manner, enhancing the overall effectiveness of your essay.

Furthermore, clear and concise language demonstrates your command of the topic and helps establish your credibility as a writer. When you are able to express complex ideas in a simple and straightforward manner, your readers will trust in your knowledge and expertise. It also shows that you have taken the time to carefully consider your words and communicate your ideas effectively.

In conclusion, using clear and concise language is essential in writing an effective illustration essay. By choosing your words carefully and avoiding unnecessary complexities, you can ensure that your readers understand your ideas easily and remain engaged throughout your essay. Clear and concise language enhances the overall readability and impact of your work, while also showcasing your command of the topic and establishing your credibility as a writer.

Structure Your Essay Properly

Developing a well-structured essay is crucial for effectively conveying your ideas and supporting them with relevant examples. A solid essay structure ensures that your readers can easily follow your arguments and understand the points you are trying to make. In this section, we will explore some essential tips to help you structure your illustration essay in a clear and organized manner.

One of the key elements of a well-structured essay is a strong introduction. The introduction sets the stage for your essay and should capture the reader’s attention, provide some background information on the topic, and present a clear thesis statement. The thesis statement should concisely state the main point you will be arguing throughout the essay.

After the introduction, you should organize your essay body into logical paragraphs. Each paragraph should focus on a specific subtopic or supporting point related to your thesis. It is important to present evidence, facts, and examples in each paragraph to support your arguments. Use transitional words and phrases to ensure a smooth flow between paragraphs and to guide your readers through your essay.

In addition to organizing your paragraphs, consider using a visual aid such as a table to present data or statistics if applicable to your essay topic. Tables can effectively summarize information and make it easier for readers to grasp complex concepts or compare different pieces of data. Be sure to provide a clear explanation of the table and its relevance in the text.

Finally, your essay should conclude with a strong and concise conclusion. The conclusion should summarize your main points and restate your thesis in a way that leaves a lasting impression on the reader. Avoid introducing new information in the conclusion and instead focus on reinforcing your main argument and leaving the reader with a sense of closure.

By following these tips, you can ensure that your illustration essay is well-structured and effectively conveys your ideas. Remember to always revise and edit your essay for clarity and coherence, paying attention to sentence structure, grammar, and punctuation. A well-structured essay not only demonstrates your writing skills but also increases the chances of your argument reaching your target audience.

Key Points:
– Strong introduction with a clear thesis statement
– Organize the body into logical paragraphs with supporting evidence
– Use tables or visual aids if applicable
– Conclude with a strong and concise summary
– Revise and edit for clarity and coherence

Provide Relevant and Interesting Examples

When it comes to crafting an effective illustration essay, one key element is the use of relevant and interesting examples. Examples help to clarify and support the main points of your essay, making it easier for readers to understand and relate to your ideas. Additionally, by providing examples that are both relevant and interesting, you can engage your audience and keep them interested in your essay.

Relevant examples are those that directly relate to the topic or main point you are trying to convey. They should be specific and applicable to the subject matter, providing concrete evidence to support your arguments. By using relevant examples, you can strengthen your essay and make it more persuasive and convincing.

However, it is not enough for an example to be relevant; it should also be interesting. Interesting examples capture the attention of your readers and make them want to continue reading. They can be personal anecdotes, historical events, or even current news stories that help to illustrate your point in a captivating way. By incorporating interesting examples into your essay, you can make it more engaging and memorable.

When selecting examples for your essay, it is important to consider the diversity of your examples. Using a variety of examples can help to make your essay more comprehensive and well-rounded. You can include examples from different time periods, different cultures, and different fields of study to provide a broader perspective on your topic. This not only adds depth to your essay but also shows that you have done thorough research and considered different angles.

In conclusion, providing relevant and interesting examples is essential for writing a compelling illustration essay. By using examples that directly relate to your topic and are captivating to your readers, you can effectively support your main points and engage your audience. Remember to also incorporate a diverse range of examples to add depth and demonstrate your understanding of the topic. With these tips in mind, you can create an impactful and persuasive illustration essay.

Use Strong Transitions and Cohesion

A key aspect of creating a compelling illustration essay is the use of strong transitions and cohesion throughout the text. By employing well-crafted transitions and maintaining a cohesive structure, the writer can guide the reader seamlessly from one point to another, ensuring a smooth and logical flow of ideas.

Transitions play a vital role in connecting different paragraphs and ideas within an illustration essay. They act as bridges, helping to propel the reader from one thought or example to the next. Without strong transitions, the essay may feel disjointed and difficult to follow. To prevent this, writers should employ a variety of transition words and phrases, such as “furthermore,” “on the other hand,” “in addition to,” and “similarly.” These transitional expressions provide a clear and concise link between ideas, allowing the reader to easily grasp the intended meaning.

In addition to using transitions, cohesive writing is crucial in an illustration essay. Cohesion refers to the overall sense of unity and coherence within a piece of writing. It is achieved by ensuring that each paragraph and sentence flows logically from the previous one, creating a seamless progression of ideas. One way to enhance cohesion is through the use of repetition and parallel structure. By repeating key words or phrases, or by structuring sentences in a similar manner, the writer can establish a sense of continuity and reinforce the main points of the essay.

Moreover, the use of cohesive devices, such as pronouns and transitional words, can help to establish a strong connection between ideas. For example, the writer can use pronouns like “it” and “they” to refer back to previously mentioned concepts, creating a sense of familiarity and emphasizing the continuity of thought. Likewise, transitional words like “thus,” “consequently,” and “therefore” can highlight the cause-and-effect relationship between different ideas, further enhancing the cohesion of the essay.

In conclusion, incorporating strong transitions and cohesion is essential for writing an effective illustration essay. By carefully selecting and utilizing appropriate transitional words and phrases, as well as maintaining a cohesive structure throughout the essay, the writer can ensure that the reader understands and appreciates the connections between different ideas and examples. Ultimately, this will lead to a more compelling and engaging essay that effectively illustrates the chosen topic.

Revise and Edit for Clarity and Coherence

Ensure that your illustration essay is clear and coherent by thoroughly revising and editing your work. By revising, you can refine your ideas and ensure that your essay flows smoothly. Editing, on the other hand, focuses on correcting grammar and spelling errors to enhance the overall quality of your writing.

To revise your essay effectively, start by reading through it carefully and critically. Look for areas that may be confusing or need further clarification. Make sure that your ideas are presented in a logical and organized manner. Consider the flow of your essay and make necessary changes to improve its coherence.

When editing your essay, pay attention to grammar, punctuation, and spelling errors. Use a spell-check tool to identify and correct any mistakes. Be sure to also check for proper sentence structure and word usage. Consider the overall tone of your essay and make adjustments as needed to maintain a consistent voice throughout.

Additionally, it can be helpful to seek feedback from others. Ask a friend, classmate, or instructor to review your essay and provide constructive criticism. They can help identify areas that may not be clear to the reader and offer suggestions for improvement.

Remember, the goal of revising and editing is to ensure that your essay is easy to understand and presents your ideas in a cohesive manner. Take the time to carefully review your work, making necessary revisions and edits to enhance its clarity and coherence.

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Writing on drawing : essays on drawing practice and research

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Writing on Drawing (Book)

Essays on drawing practice and research.

This book presents essays that reveal a provocative agenda for drawing research, analysing the latest work on creativity, education and thinking from a variety of perspectives. Bringing together contributions by leading artists and researchers, this volume offers consolidation, discussion and guidance for a previously fragmented discipline.

Available Hardback 9781841502007 192 pages List Price: GBP 35.95 Add to basket
Available EPUB 9781841502540 194 pages List Price: GBP 12.95 Add to basket
Description

An increased public and academic interest in drawing and sketching, both traditional and digital, has allowed drawing research to emerge recently as a discipline in its own right. In light of this development, Writing on Drawing presents a collection of essays by leading artists and drawing researchers that reveal a provocative agenda for the field, analysing the latest work on creativity, education and thinking from a variety of perspectives. Writing on Drawing is a forward-looking text that provokes enquiry and shared understanding of contemporary drawing research and practice. An essential resource for artists, scientists, designers and engineers, this volume offers consolidation, discussion and guidance for a previously fragmented discipline.

Steve Garner is Senior Lecturer in the Department of Design and Innovation at the Open University. Research interests include the use of representations in design (particularly sketching), usability in product design, and computer supported collaborative designing. He is Director of the international Drawing Research Network.

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Writing on Drawing: Essays on Drawing Practice and Research

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Writing on Drawing: Essays on Drawing Practice and Research Hardcover – Illustrated, November 15, 2008

Print length 192 pages
Language English
Publisher Intellect Ltd
Publication date November 15, 2008
Dimensions 7 x 0.7 x 9 inches
ISBN-10 1841502006
ISBN-13 978-1841502007
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Writing and the Body in Motion: Awakening Voice through Somatic Practice

Editorial Reviews

“This book captures the range of current debates, each contributor addresses themes that are significant to the development of drawing both as a practice and as a critical discourse. The book helps to outline an intellectual frame of reference for drawing practices, and allows an interdisciplinary conversation around the role of these activities in the wider world. This is an impressive achievement, as an academic who wishes to explore drawing as a cognitive process and as an artist working in the mass mediated world where the language of drawing has found a vital role, this book will be invaluable for me and to my students.”—Mario Minichiello, Birmingham City University

“The past decade has seen a change of attitude towards drawing. Its importance as an element in human intelligence is now widely appreciated. However, there has not been a clear picture of research in the field or an agenda for future investigation. Writing on Drawing fills this gap. It gives an insight into current work and it is clear that a paradigm shift is underway. Drawing is, of course, strongly identified with art and design but it is now being seen in a much broader context. The contributions to this book give a new insight into this fascinating activity.”

About the Author

Towards a Critical Discourse in Drawing Research

Steve Garner

For a while now, I've been thinking about drawing research. I think about it when I'm drawing and I think about it when I'm researching. And there's the rub. What are the characteristics of drawing research that distinguish it from the broad phenomena of drawing and research? If there is to exist a drawing research community, what activities do we engage in that distinguish us from those engaged in the many manifestations of drawing and other types of creative practice? Do we claim a distinct knowledge base, is it an issue of approach or method or do we think about drawing differently? What types of outputs might a drawing researcher generate; drawings, writings, both, something else? This chapter takes the form of an enquiry. It offers many questions and few answers but in doing so it seeks to begin a consolidation of a foundation for drawing research. It acknowledges that drawing research is a very young, some might say immature, discipline. It would be too ambitious for one chapter to seek to bring any maturity to the discipline but it does appeal for the drawing research community to look up into the middle distance to identify what might be done through our work and our discussions to bring about a maturity. One group of related questions that inspired this piece concern the desirability or otherwise of an agenda for drawing research, and of what such an agenda might consist. This has not proved straightforward to address. It's clear that people who make drawings, or those with an interest in the drawing outputs and processes of others, have their own personal motivations. Some of these say they have no need for a broader articulation of a drawing agenda. Perhaps they are suspicious of anything that might work to suppress their personal creativity, insight or uniqueness. But is an agenda merely a crutch for those who cannot formulate their own research enquiry? I offer an alternative perspective. The definition of possible agenda items has, for me, become an important objective but perhaps even more important, as preparation, is the stimulation of a critical discourse that embraces the notion of an agenda for drawing research. So this chapter is concerned as much with critical discourse as an agenda. However, I do offer some thoughts on a possible agenda. One that is flexible rather than prescriptive, one that facilitates dialogue and constructive comparisons across diverse activities, an agenda that might assist the construction of a shared knowledge base of, for example, issues, principles, priorities and working methods of drawing research.

Drawing and research

When I first became interested in drawing research, as a postgraduate student in the early 1980s, I rather naively identified two communities. I saw drawing makers – artists, designers, scientists and many others – who made drawings for a variety of reasons. I also identified a group of people who studied these outputs – perhaps so as to distil their functionality and to incorporate this into curricula for schools or colleges of art (as they invariably were in those days). The publications of the time on drawing seemed to reinforce this basic categorisation; the many 'how to' books offering step-by-step guidance on developing drawing skills were clearly (to me anyway) outputs of the drawing makers and while the outputs of the drawing study-ers were more diverse including exhibition catalogues, books and papers on, for example, art therapy, anthropology and studies of children's drawing, they were clearly (again, in my mind) not written by drawing makers. In 1982 I came across a book by William Kirby Lockard who set out to explain 'why' designers draw as well as 'how' they draw. Immediately I became aware of an entirely different paradigm for drawing research within which thinking about drawing and thinking through drawing exhibited relationships that I hadn't previously considered. Once thinking had taken centre stage, a raft of earlier publications dealing with relationships between perception, conception and representation made more sense including Rawson's seminal text simply titled Drawing, Arnheim's Visual Thinking and going back to Ruskin's The Elements of Drawing.

Today a more extensive drawing research community exists but we still wrestle with the relationship between drawing and research. In the twenty-first century we find ourselves building drawing research on a foundation of understanding laid down over several centuries by painters, architects, critics, natural scientists, social scientists, historians and social reformers amongst many others. In 1989 David Thistlewood noted the 'extraordinary diversity of research activities in the field of drawing which have been taking place mainly (though not only) in Europe, North America and Australia over several decades'. But what use are we making of our accumulating research culture? Does it inform our new contributions? Very few people, if any, working more that fifty years ago would have thought to refer to their work as 'drawing research'. They may have said they were drawing; they may have said they were researching; they might even have said, as Leonardo did, that they were searching through drawing, but the term 'drawing research' is relatively new. Is drawing also drawing research? Well the simple, but not particularly helpful, answer is yes and no. Some drawing activity is intended to be research, other drawing activity is not. Expression and enquiry are often closely bound together in the creative process – particularly in drawing – and it is not always possible to tell from the outputs whether a drawing was made as research or not. The use of drawing to explore ideas is well accepted. Artists and designers make and modify drawings as part of their creative process. Often these are intended as fleeting representations of possible futures before the time-consuming and costly tasks of converting a selected idea/sketch into a tangible artefact – a painting, an item of jewellery, a building – is begun. Scientists too model futures through their diagrammatic representations. What they have in common is the way drawing supports a personal dialogue of enquiry and conjecture whilst offering the opportunity for others to engage with ideas through the representation. In this sense drawing is clearly part of a research process.

A small sidestep to a recent thread of discussion on the email forum of the Drawing Research Network might be useful here. This particular thread concerned the role and nature of life drawing in universities and schools of art. Early in the discussion Margaret Mayhew made reference to a recent PhD thesis by Karen Wallis. This PhD took the form of an investigation into the transformational and interpretative processes between looking at a naked body, the construction of a representation and its observation by others. As Mayhew summed up, this was research into 'what it is that is obscured or left out in the process of viewing the nude painting (or drawing) as another person – exploring drawing as a means of tracing that act of spectatorship and recognition'. Mayhew goes on to comment:

It has really inspired me to keep thinking of ways in which life drawing can be practiced as a critical and reflective form of investigating ourselves and the way we encounter the world around us and other human beings – rather than a fixed recitation of rigid conventions that foreclose any possibility of challenge or surprise.

So drawing research not only informs practice it can inspire it too. The questions and challenges articulated by others can stimulate the critical and reflective capacity that is seen as essential to practice.

Perhaps it is unsatisfactory to represent drawing research by reference to a written PhD thesis – or even a written comment on an internet conference. The danger lies in consolidating the belief that to be drawing research a drawing activity or drawing output has to be converted into, or accompanied by, some form of verbal or written explanation. Drawing research presents a powerful opportunity to demonstrate the ability to generate new knowledge about the visual and to communicate this through visual imagery – to challenge, as John Berger did three decades ago the assumption of supremacy of the written word in visual research (and I say this deliberately in a collection of written essays). As a community we reveal our priorities and values in the way we represent our findings. Yes, there will always be a place for the book or conference paper but there might also be other rigorous, innovative, perhaps non-verbal ways of disseminating drawing research and we have a duty to explore these. We need to better embrace imagery in our drawing thinking – in what some artists and designers might call 'problem finding' and 'problem solving', although what form drawing research problems might have and how they might be 'solved' is open to debate.

As drawing researchers in the twenty-first century we find ourselves part of a broad and diverse community whose focus is our visual culture. It's understandable that many drawing researchers are directly involved in the culture of making and teaching art and design – perhaps as fine artists, sculptors, graphic designers or architects – but there are others outside of this ring. In Working Images, an interesting collection of essays by various visual anthropologists published in 2004, the role of drawing in their research emerges clearly. Afonso, for example, highlights situations where anthropologists make drawings as part of their data gathering in the field in New Guinea and Africa. Drawing is presented as offering anthropologists a 'catalyst for observation, a path to reflexivity and a key to promote social interaction with local informants'. She illustrates her point with a quotation from Manuel João Ramos, an artist and anthropological researcher:

When I travel alone, I cherish the feeling that time can be joyfully wasted. The act of drawing is a self-referential form of spending time. On the other hand, making drawings is a rather benign way of observing social behaviour; both local people and fellow travellers tend to react to my drawings in mixed ways where curiosity, availability and suspicion overlap. By drawing I provoke modes of interaction that humanise me in other people's eyes.

Some artists have adopted this anthropological approach to engage people in creating and modifying sketches, thus involving them in the process of constructing discourse and assisting the process of interpreting memory regarding, for example, social changes. Unlike the situation described earlier where drawing is used to support personal and internal creative thinking, here drawing is a tool for unlocking and externalising the understanding of others.

Establishing a critical discourse

The drawing research community is beginning to display some indicators of domain maturity; there are international drawing conferences, journals, professors of drawing, and PhD students. There are links between this community and other, more established research domains. But the drawing research community also displays characteristics of immaturity. In some ways it resembles design research a few decades ago in the disparate nature of its knowledge, the lack of common reference points, and the variable quality of analysis and articulation. As Sebastian Macmillan pointed out in his review of the 2005 symposium of the Design Research Society:

We have all the components of a maturing academic domain (but) on the other hand we find ourselves reiterating the fundamentals: explaining what research is, having to justify it, and engaging at a very elementary level in the endless dispute whether design practice is a research activity.

Drawing research today exhibits tendencies towards isolation, introspection and repetition as well as development, progression and a growing sense of community. One of the key indicators of a domain's maturity is its ability to sustain a critical discourse and partly this relies on the existence of a suitable infrastructure. As a relatively new domain we don't have a critical mass of participants, we don't have the range of journals nor the number of conferences, in short we don't possess the infrastructure for attracting and supporting a community. That's not to say that individuals or local groups are not making significant contributions. It's just that these individuals and groups rarely operate as a worldwide community. Potential contributors to a critical discourse are not being exposed to each other at a level and with a frequency that they could be. This was one of the aims of the Drawing Research Network (www.drawing.org.uk) when it was established in 2002 and its email discussion forum supplied under the JISC mail system now supports an international dialogue between hundreds of drawing researchers. Whilst there is discussion on the forum we are really only taking our first steps to scope out a critical discourse and establishing the framework for such a discourse has not proved easy. Perhaps we need to have some form of meta-discussion as a preparation for the discussion – a critical discourse about our critical discourse! Some drawing researchers question the value of it, particularly its value to drawing practice, as this contributor states:

Critical discourse is as valid an activity as any other, but it is not clear it is a requirement for artists (except to get funding). Is it not the case that theorising has become just another thing that art students are taught to do, in the same way that once they were all taught observational drawing? A few will excel at the theoretical game, as a few did at traditional drawing; most will wonder what the point of it is. Critical discourse is just another fashion in art – artists don't have to get involved with it anymore than they need to use oil paint to be 'real' artists.

Other contributors have pointed out the value of building our own understandings on the foundations laid by others. More importantly there appears to be opportunities for critical discourse to embrace drawing practice as this note in reply to the one above suggests:

My point is that the artist should not understand first but, by exploring, come to understanding. Not restrict himself to a process merely because it is traditional or regarded as proper, but push for a clearer experience of what drawing/painting/art is by finding for himself the extent of his/its possibilities.

The inherent tensions in a critical discourse between artistic practice and intellectual analysis (in this case in a thread of discussion on life drawing) were concisely summed up by Alan McGowan a day after the above postings:

I think there are two points here. Firstly that the experience of the art education journey in historical terms (from workshops, academies, ateliers, colleges/polytechnics and into universities) is not a comfortable one and many people feel that much has been lost on the way. It is very possible that the priorities and values of universities are not consistent with those of artists (who for instance may be, possibly must be, intimately engaged with sensual and emotional considerations rather than rational ones). This 'ill-fit' can reveal itself in many disgruntled issues ranging from funding, research status and 'over-intellectualisation' to room provision and life drawing facilities.

I agree that we suffer from a lack of intellectual discourse both in terms of our academic standing and (more crucially from my point of view) in the depth of understanding of our field which it would give to students and practitioners. Put simply my experience of life drawing is that it is perceived in a shallow way. It's complexities and potentials lie 'hidden' below the surface; while this is the case students lack the inspiration to pursue it to a deeper level; it loses it's drive and the form itself is in danger. Even the vocabulary associated with drawing is being eclipsed. I can take a group of students who have supposedly been studying life drawing for two years and confidently predict that most will not be familiar with terms like negative space, gesture, contour, centre of gravity, contrapposto or have a good grasp of tonal values. These terms though practical are not opposed to intellectual rigour but in my view welded to it in the process of picture-making.

Product details

Publisher ‏ : ‎ Intellect Ltd; Illustrated edition (November 15, 2008)
Language ‏ : ‎ English
Hardcover ‏ : ‎ 192 pages
ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 1841502006
ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-1841502007
Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 1.15 pounds
Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 7 x 0.7 x 9 inches
#18,871 in Drawing (Books)
#22,821 in Arts & Photography Criticism

How to draw Nature: Basics, Subjects & Exercises

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Essay on Drawing Hobby

Students are often asked to write an essay on Drawing Hobby in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Drawing Hobby

What is a drawing hobby.

A drawing hobby means making pictures with pencils, pens, or crayons. It’s like playing on paper. You can draw anything: animals, cars, or your dreams. It’s fun and you can do it anywhere.

Benefits of Drawing

Drawing is good for you. It helps you to be creative and relax. When you draw often, you get better at it. It also makes you feel happy and proud when you finish a picture.

Materials for Drawing

You need simple things: paper, pencils, and colors. You can use markers or paint too. Keep your tools in one place so you can find them easily.

Sharing Your Drawings

Show your drawings to friends and family. They will like seeing your art. You can also put your drawings online to share with more people. It’s nice to get kind words from others.

Practice Makes Perfect

Also check:

250 Words Essay on Drawing Hobby

A drawing hobby is when someone enjoys creating pictures with pencils, crayons, or other tools. It’s like playing with shapes and colors on paper or a computer. People who like to draw often do it in their free time because it’s fun and can make them feel happy and calm.

Drawing is not just about making pretty pictures. It can help your brain grow stronger. When you draw, you learn to see things more carefully and remember details better. It’s also a way to share what you’re feeling without using words. If you’re feeling sad or excited, you can show it in your drawings.

Starting with Drawing

To start drawing, you don’t need fancy tools. A simple pencil and some paper are enough. You can draw anything you like, such as your favorite animal, a scene from a story, or even a dream you had. The more you practice, the better you get.

Sharing Your Art

Once you finish a drawing, you can share it with friends and family. They might enjoy seeing your art, and you can feel proud of what you’ve made. Sometimes, you can even join a drawing club at school or in your community to meet others who like drawing too.

Keep Learning and Enjoying

500 words essay on drawing hobby, introduction to drawing as a hobby.

Drawing is a fun activity that lets you create pictures using pencils, crayons, markers, or any tool that makes marks. It’s like having an adventure on paper, where you can make anything you imagine come to life. You don’t need to be a professional to enjoy drawing; it’s a hobby for everyone, no matter your age or skill level.

The Joy of Drawing

One of the best things about drawing is that it makes you happy. When you draw, you can forget about other worries and just focus on your picture. It’s a time when you can be calm and enjoy making something beautiful or interesting. You can draw your favorite cartoon character, a scene from nature, or even how you’re feeling that day. The joy comes from being free to create whatever you want.

Improving Your Skills

The more you draw, the better you get at it. It’s like learning to ride a bike or swim; practice makes perfect. You can try copying pictures from books or the internet to learn new ways to draw things. There are also classes and videos that can teach you new techniques. The important part is to keep trying and not to get upset if it’s not perfect. Every drawing you do helps you improve.

Drawing can be even more fun when you share your pictures with others. You can show them to your family and friends or put them up on your wall. Some people even share their drawings online for the whole world to see. When you share your art, you can make other people smile and maybe even inspire them to start drawing too.

In conclusion, drawing is a wonderful hobby that is easy to start and can bring a lot of joy. It doesn’t matter if you’re young or old, or if your drawings are simple or detailed. The important thing is that you have fun and keep practicing. So, grab some paper and a pencil, and let your imagination run wild on the page. Who knows, you might discover a talent you didn’t know you had, or you might just find a new way to relax and be happy.

If you’re looking for more, here are essays on other interesting topics:

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

Writing on drawing : essays on drawing practice and research

Available online, at the library.

Art & Architecture Library (Bowes)

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Call number	Note	Status
NC720 .W75 2008		Unknown

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Contributors

Description

Creators/contributors, contents/summary.

Foreword - 'Re: Positioning Drawing' - Page 9 - Anita Taylor
Chapter 1: 'Towards a Critical Discourse in Drawing Research' - Page 15 - Steve Garner
Chapter 2: 'Nailing the Liminal: The Difficulties of Defining Drawing' - Page 27 - Deanna Petherbridge
Chapter 3: 'Drawing Connections' - Page 43 - Richard Talbot
Chapter 4: 'Looking at Drawing: Theoretical Distinctions and their Usefulness' - Page 59 - Ernst van Alphen
Chapter 5: 'Pride, Prejudice and the Pencil' - Page 71 - James Faure Walker
Chapter 6: ' Reappraising Young Children's Mark-making and Drawing' - Page 93 - Angela Anning
Chapter 7: 'New Beginnings and Monstrous Births: Notes Towards an Appreciation of Ideational Drawing' - Page 109 - Terry Rosenberg
Chapter 8: ' Embedded Drawing' - Page 125 - Angela Eames
Chapter 9: 'Recording: And Questions of Accuracy' - Page 141 - Stephen Farthing
Chapter 10: 'Drawing: Towards an Intelligence of Seeing' - Page 153 - Howard Riley
Chapter 11: 'Digital Drawing, Graphic Storytelling and Visual Journalism' - Page 169 - Anna Ursyn.
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Writing on Drawing: Essays on Drawing Practice and Research

Published 10 January 2008
Art, Education

41 Citations

Recto verso: redefining the sketchbook, exploring co-creative drawing workflows, drawing parallels in art science for collaborative learning: a case study, drawing perform’s: an artistic research, participation in hybrid sketching, embodying understanding: drawing as research in sport and exercise, drawing encounters: a practice-led investigation into collaborative drawing as a means of revealing tacit elements of one-to-one social encounter., venetian drawing conversations, drawing attention to drawing, finding my way through drawing: the evolution of a thesis, related papers.

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Sketching and Writing

Sketching time is the planning piece of writers’ workshop. There is no talking. I prefer it to be silent, but many people (students and adults) enjoy soft music in the background. The idea is to have an environment where you can concentrate on the drawing and listen to your thoughts as you sketch.

When it is quiet, it is easier to do, especially in schools where there is so much activity right outside the classroom door and students are in close proximity to each other. But, as you might have noticed in the movie trailer, when the children sketch, they are totally engaged; observing, making marks and thinking.

The galleries in the museum are ideal places to sketch. The atmosphere in the museum encourages thought and quiet reflection despite the fact that the museum is a public place with visitors constantly walking by.

Some people mentioned yesterday, they got lost in their thoughts as they sketched and didn’t hear any of the sounds around them in the galleries.

Your students will feel the same when you bring them to visit.

I am always amazed at the memories and ideas that come to the surface when I am in the process of sketching.

Ask yourself. When you sketched in the galleries, were you reminded of someone or an event you hadn’t thought of in some time? Or did an idea occur to you that you hadn’t planned on?

I noticed with the group that when it was time to stop sketching and begin writing, there was no hesitation. Everyone had something to say and put pencil to paper immediately. No “writer’s block” seemed present.

How did that feel?

How did sketching help you begin writing?

Did you feel less pressure to produce writing?

How did you feel having invitations versus and assignment to writing?

How would your students react to this process?

Sketches serve several purposes in the classroom. With younger students, I post a sketching rubric as a reminder of expectations and to eliminate the requests for new paper and do-overs. I want them to work out the changes on the original piece. Don’t discard ideas, just put them aside. The sketch is not meant to “go with” the writing, it is more a collection agency of ideas and details that will be used for reference as they write.

I encourage students to keep their sketches on hand as they write. When they get stuck in writing the first thing I say is, “Go back to the sketch, add something, change something. “ This is the beginning of revision, even if they add shading or introduce a new color or object to the sketch. It will bring them back to the writing.

As I conference with students, the sketch is the first thing I read. Then, as I read the writing, I can refer back to the sketch to ask questions. It is a great way to get students to add elaboration to their writing. Sketches hold the details; expressions on characters’ faces, setting, tone, details on objects (color, shape, line). Are these details reflected in the writing?

Close looking at student sketches offer the teacher opportunities to ask questions and have deeper conversations with students about their writing. It is a more concrete way to start a conference conversation than “Tell me about your writing”.

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How to structure an essay: Templates and tips

How to Structure an Essay | Tips & Templates

Published on September 18, 2020 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on July 23, 2023.

The basic structure of an essay always consists of an introduction , a body , and a conclusion . But for many students, the most difficult part of structuring an essay is deciding how to organize information within the body.

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The basics of essay structure, chronological structure, compare-and-contrast structure, problems-methods-solutions structure, signposting to clarify your structure, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about essay structure.

There are two main things to keep in mind when working on your essay structure: making sure to include the right information in each part, and deciding how you’ll organize the information within the body.

Parts of an essay

The three parts that make up all essays are described in the table below.

Part	Content

Order of information

You’ll also have to consider how to present information within the body. There are a few general principles that can guide you here.

The first is that your argument should move from the simplest claim to the most complex . The body of a good argumentative essay often begins with simple and widely accepted claims, and then moves towards more complex and contentious ones.

For example, you might begin by describing a generally accepted philosophical concept, and then apply it to a new topic. The grounding in the general concept will allow the reader to understand your unique application of it.

The second principle is that background information should appear towards the beginning of your essay . General background is presented in the introduction. If you have additional background to present, this information will usually come at the start of the body.

The third principle is that everything in your essay should be relevant to the thesis . Ask yourself whether each piece of information advances your argument or provides necessary background. And make sure that the text clearly expresses each piece of information’s relevance.

The sections below present several organizational templates for essays: the chronological approach, the compare-and-contrast approach, and the problems-methods-solutions approach.

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The chronological approach (sometimes called the cause-and-effect approach) is probably the simplest way to structure an essay. It just means discussing events in the order in which they occurred, discussing how they are related (i.e. the cause and effect involved) as you go.

A chronological approach can be useful when your essay is about a series of events. Don’t rule out other approaches, though—even when the chronological approach is the obvious one, you might be able to bring out more with a different structure.

Explore the tabs below to see a general template and a specific example outline from an essay on the invention of the printing press.

Thesis statement
Discussion of event/period
Consequences
Importance of topic
Strong closing statement
Claim that the printing press marks the end of the Middle Ages
Background on the low levels of literacy before the printing press
Thesis statement: The invention of the printing press increased circulation of information in Europe, paving the way for the Reformation
High levels of illiteracy in medieval Europe
Literacy and thus knowledge and education were mainly the domain of religious and political elites
Consequence: this discouraged political and religious change
Invention of the printing press in 1440 by Johannes Gutenberg
Implications of the new technology for book production
Consequence: Rapid spread of the technology and the printing of the Gutenberg Bible
Trend for translating the Bible into vernacular languages during the years following the printing press’s invention
Luther’s own translation of the Bible during the Reformation
Consequence: The large-scale effects the Reformation would have on religion and politics
Summarize the history described
Stress the significance of the printing press to the events of this period

Essays with two or more main subjects are often structured around comparing and contrasting . For example, a literary analysis essay might compare two different texts, and an argumentative essay might compare the strengths of different arguments.

There are two main ways of structuring a compare-and-contrast essay: the alternating method, and the block method.

Alternating

In the alternating method, each paragraph compares your subjects in terms of a specific point of comparison. These points of comparison are therefore what defines each paragraph.

The tabs below show a general template for this structure, and a specific example for an essay comparing and contrasting distance learning with traditional classroom learning.

Synthesis of arguments
Topical relevance of distance learning in lockdown
Increasing prevalence of distance learning over the last decade
Thesis statement: While distance learning has certain advantages, it introduces multiple new accessibility issues that must be addressed for it to be as effective as classroom learning
Classroom learning: Ease of identifying difficulties and privately discussing them
Distance learning: Difficulty of noticing and unobtrusively helping
Classroom learning: Difficulties accessing the classroom (disability, distance travelled from home)
Distance learning: Difficulties with online work (lack of tech literacy, unreliable connection, distractions)
Classroom learning: Tends to encourage personal engagement among students and with teacher, more relaxed social environment
Distance learning: Greater ability to reach out to teacher privately
Sum up, emphasize that distance learning introduces more difficulties than it solves
Stress the importance of addressing issues with distance learning as it becomes increasingly common
Distance learning may prove to be the future, but it still has a long way to go

In the block method, each subject is covered all in one go, potentially across multiple paragraphs. For example, you might write two paragraphs about your first subject and then two about your second subject, making comparisons back to the first.

The tabs again show a general template, followed by another essay on distance learning, this time with the body structured in blocks.

Point 1 (compare)
Point 2 (compare)
Point 3 (compare)
Point 4 (compare)
Advantages: Flexibility, accessibility
Disadvantages: Discomfort, challenges for those with poor internet or tech literacy
Advantages: Potential for teacher to discuss issues with a student in a separate private call
Disadvantages: Difficulty of identifying struggling students and aiding them unobtrusively, lack of personal interaction among students
Advantages: More accessible to those with low tech literacy, equality of all sharing one learning environment
Disadvantages: Students must live close enough to attend, commutes may vary, classrooms not always accessible for disabled students
Advantages: Ease of picking up on signs a student is struggling, more personal interaction among students
Disadvantages: May be harder for students to approach teacher privately in person to raise issues

An essay that concerns a specific problem (practical or theoretical) may be structured according to the problems-methods-solutions approach.

This is just what it sounds like: You define the problem, characterize a method or theory that may solve it, and finally analyze the problem, using this method or theory to arrive at a solution. If the problem is theoretical, the solution might be the analysis you present in the essay itself; otherwise, you might just present a proposed solution.

The tabs below show a template for this structure and an example outline for an essay about the problem of fake news.

Introduce the problem
Provide background
Describe your approach to solving it
Define the problem precisely
Describe why it’s important
Indicate previous approaches to the problem
Present your new approach, and why it’s better
Apply the new method or theory to the problem
Indicate the solution you arrive at by doing so
Assess (potential or actual) effectiveness of solution
Describe the implications
Problem: The growth of “fake news” online
Prevalence of polarized/conspiracy-focused news sources online
Thesis statement: Rather than attempting to stamp out online fake news through social media moderation, an effective approach to combating it must work with educational institutions to improve media literacy
Definition: Deliberate disinformation designed to spread virally online
Popularization of the term, growth of the phenomenon
Previous approaches: Labeling and moderation on social media platforms
Critique: This approach feeds conspiracies; the real solution is to improve media literacy so users can better identify fake news
Greater emphasis should be placed on media literacy education in schools
This allows people to assess news sources independently, rather than just being told which ones to trust
This is a long-term solution but could be highly effective
It would require significant organization and investment, but would equip people to judge news sources more effectively
Rather than trying to contain the spread of fake news, we must teach the next generation not to fall for it

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Signposting means guiding the reader through your essay with language that describes or hints at the structure of what follows. It can help you clarify your structure for yourself as well as helping your reader follow your ideas.

The essay overview

In longer essays whose body is split into multiple named sections, the introduction often ends with an overview of the rest of the essay. This gives a brief description of the main idea or argument of each section.

The overview allows the reader to immediately understand what will be covered in the essay and in what order. Though it describes what comes later in the text, it is generally written in the present tense . The following example is from a literary analysis essay on Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein .

Transitions

Transition words and phrases are used throughout all good essays to link together different ideas. They help guide the reader through your text, and an essay that uses them effectively will be much easier to follow.

Various different relationships can be expressed by transition words, as shown in this example.

Because Hitler failed to respond to the British ultimatum, France and the UK declared war on Germany. Although it was an outcome the Allies had hoped to avoid, they were prepared to back up their ultimatum in order to combat the existential threat posed by the Third Reich.

Transition sentences may be included to transition between different paragraphs or sections of an essay. A good transition sentence moves the reader on to the next topic while indicating how it relates to the previous one.

… Distance learning, then, seems to improve accessibility in some ways while representing a step backwards in others.

However , considering the issue of personal interaction among students presents a different picture.

If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

Ad hominem fallacy
Post hoc fallacy
Appeal to authority fallacy
False cause fallacy
Sunk cost fallacy

College essays

Choosing Essay Topic
Write a College Essay
Write a Diversity Essay
College Essay Format & Structure
Comparing and Contrasting in an Essay

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The structure of an essay is divided into an introduction that presents your topic and thesis statement , a body containing your in-depth analysis and arguments, and a conclusion wrapping up your ideas.

The structure of the body is flexible, but you should always spend some time thinking about how you can organize your essay to best serve your ideas.

An essay isn’t just a loose collection of facts and ideas. Instead, it should be centered on an overarching argument (summarized in your thesis statement ) that every part of the essay relates to.

The way you structure your essay is crucial to presenting your argument coherently. A well-structured essay helps your reader follow the logic of your ideas and understand your overall point.

Comparisons in essays are generally structured in one of two ways:

The alternating method, where you compare your subjects side by side according to one specific aspect at a time.
The block method, where you cover each subject separately in its entirety.

It’s also possible to combine both methods, for example by writing a full paragraph on each of your topics and then a final paragraph contrasting the two according to a specific metric.

You should try to follow your outline as you write your essay . However, if your ideas change or it becomes clear that your structure could be better, it’s okay to depart from your essay outline . Just make sure you know why you’re doing so.

Cite this Scribbr article

If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.

Caulfield, J. (2023, July 23). How to Structure an Essay | Tips & Templates. Scribbr. Retrieved September 11, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/academic-essay/essay-structure/

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8.3 Drafting

Learning objectives.

Identify drafting strategies that improve writing.
Use drafting strategies to prepare the first draft of an essay.

Drafting is the stage of the writing process in which you develop a complete first version of a piece of writing.

Even professional writers admit that an empty page scares them because they feel they need to come up with something fresh and original every time they open a blank document on their computers. Because you have completed the first two steps in the writing process, you have already recovered from empty page syndrome. You have hours of prewriting and planning already done. You know what will go on that blank page: what you wrote in your outline.

Getting Started: Strategies For Drafting

Your objective for this portion of Chapter 8 “The Writing Process: How Do I Begin?” is to draft the body paragraphs of a standard five-paragraph essay. A five-paragraph essay contains an introduction, three body paragraphs, and a conclusion. If you are more comfortable starting on paper than on the computer, you can start on paper and then type it before you revise. You can also use a voice recorder to get yourself started, dictating a paragraph or two to get you thinking. In this lesson, Mariah does all her work on the computer, but you may use pen and paper or the computer to write a rough draft.

Making the Writing Process Work for You

What makes the writing process so beneficial to writers is that it encourages alternatives to standard practices while motivating you to develop your best ideas. For instance, the following approaches, done alone or in combination with others, may improve your writing and help you move forward in the writing process:

Begin writing with the part you know the most about. You can start with the third paragraph in your outline if ideas come easily to mind. You can start with the second paragraph or the first paragraph, too. Although paragraphs may vary in length, keep in mind that short paragraphs may contain insufficient support. Readers may also think the writing is abrupt. Long paragraphs may be wordy and may lose your reader’s interest. As a guideline, try to write paragraphs longer than one sentence but shorter than the length of an entire double-spaced page.
Write one paragraph at a time and then stop. As long as you complete the assignment on time, you may choose how many paragraphs you complete in one sitting. Pace yourself. On the other hand, try not to procrastinate. Writers should always meet their deadlines.
Take short breaks to refresh your mind. This tip might be most useful if you are writing a multipage report or essay. Still, if you are antsy or cannot concentrate, take a break to let your mind rest. But do not let breaks extend too long. If you spend too much time away from your essay, you may have trouble starting again. You may forget key points or lose momentum. Try setting an alarm to limit your break, and when the time is up, return to your desk to write.
Be reasonable with your goals. If you decide to take ten-minute breaks, try to stick to that goal. If you told yourself that you need more facts, then commit to finding them. Holding yourself to your own goals will create successful writing assignments.
Keep your audience and purpose in mind as you write. These aspects of writing are just as important when you are writing a single paragraph for your essay as when you are considering the direction of the entire essay.

Of all of these considerations, keeping your purpose and your audience at the front of your mind is the most important key to writing success. If your purpose is to persuade, for example, you will present your facts and details in the most logical and convincing way you can.

Your purpose will guide your mind as you compose your sentences. Your audience will guide word choice. Are you writing for experts, for a general audience, for other college students, or for people who know very little about your topic? Keep asking yourself what your readers, with their background and experience, need to be told in order to understand your ideas. How can you best express your ideas so they are totally clear and your communication is effective?

You may want to identify your purpose and audience on an index card that you clip to your paper (or keep next to your computer). On that card, you may want to write notes to yourself—perhaps about what that audience might not know or what it needs to know—so that you will be sure to address those issues when you write. It may be a good idea to also state exactly what you want to explain to that audience, or to inform them of, or to persuade them about.

Writing at Work

Many of the documents you produce at work target a particular audience for a particular purpose. You may find that it is highly advantageous to know as much as you can about your target audience and to prepare your message to reach that audience, even if the audience is a coworker or your boss. Menu language is a common example. Descriptions like “organic romaine” and “free-range chicken” are intended to appeal to a certain type of customer though perhaps not to the same customer who craves a thick steak. Similarly, mail-order companies research the demographics of the people who buy their merchandise. Successful vendors customize product descriptions in catalogs to appeal to their buyers’ tastes. For example, the product descriptions in a skateboarder catalog will differ from the descriptions in a clothing catalog for mature adults.

Using the topic for the essay that you outlined in Section 8.2 “Outlining” , describe your purpose and your audience as specifically as you can. Use your own sheet of paper to record your responses. Then keep these responses near you during future stages of the writing process.

My purpose: ____________________________________________

____________________________________________

My audience: ____________________________________________

Setting Goals for Your First Draft

A draft is a complete version of a piece of writing, but it is not the final version. The step in the writing process after drafting, as you may remember, is revising. During revising, you will have the opportunity to make changes to your first draft before you put the finishing touches on it during the editing and proofreading stage. A first draft gives you a working version that you can later improve.

Workplace writing in certain environments is done by teams of writers who collaborate on the planning, writing, and revising of documents, such as long reports, technical manuals, and the results of scientific research. Collaborators do not need to be in the same room, the same building, or even the same city. Many collaborations are conducted over the Internet.

In a perfect collaboration, each contributor has the right to add, edit, and delete text. Strong communication skills, in addition to strong writing skills, are important in this kind of writing situation because disagreements over style, content, process, emphasis, and other issues may arise.

The collaborative software, or document management systems, that groups use to work on common projects is sometimes called groupware or workgroup support systems.

The reviewing tool on some word-processing programs also gives you access to a collaborative tool that many smaller workgroups use when they exchange documents. You can also use it to leave comments to yourself.

If you invest some time now to investigate how the reviewing tool in your word processor works, you will be able to use it with confidence during the revision stage of the writing process. Then, when you start to revise, set your reviewing tool to track any changes you make, so you will be able to tinker with text and commit only those final changes you want to keep.

Discovering the Basic Elements of a First Draft

If you have been using the information in this chapter step by step to help you develop an assignment, you already have both a formal topic outline and a formal sentence outline to direct your writing. Knowing what a first draft looks like will help you make the creative leap from the outline to the first draft. A first draft should include the following elements:

An introduction that piques the audience’s interest, tells what the essay is about, and motivates readers to keep reading.
A thesis statement that presents the main point, or controlling idea, of the entire piece of writing.
A topic sentence in each paragraph that states the main idea of the paragraph and implies how that main idea connects to the thesis statement.
Supporting sentences in each paragraph that develop or explain the topic sentence. These can be specific facts, examples, anecdotes, or other details that elaborate on the topic sentence.
A conclusion that reinforces the thesis statement and leaves the audience with a feeling of completion.

These elements follow the standard five-paragraph essay format, which you probably first encountered in high school. This basic format is valid for most essays you will write in college, even much longer ones. For now, however, Mariah focuses on writing the three body paragraphs from her outline. Chapter 9 “Writing Essays: From Start to Finish” covers writing introductions and conclusions, and you will read Mariah’s introduction and conclusion in Chapter 9 “Writing Essays: From Start to Finish” .

The Role of Topic Sentences

Topic sentences make the structure of a text and the writer’s basic arguments easy to locate and comprehend. In college writing, using a topic sentence in each paragraph of the essay is the standard rule. However, the topic sentence does not always have to be the first sentence in your paragraph even if it the first item in your formal outline.

When you begin to draft your paragraphs, you should follow your outline fairly closely. After all, you spent valuable time developing those ideas. However, as you begin to express your ideas in complete sentences, it might strike you that the topic sentence might work better at the end of the paragraph or in the middle. Try it. Writing a draft, by its nature, is a good time for experimentation.

The topic sentence can be the first, middle, or final sentence in a paragraph. The assignment’s audience and purpose will often determine where a topic sentence belongs. When the purpose of the assignment is to persuade, for example, the topic sentence should be the first sentence in a paragraph. In a persuasive essay, the writer’s point of view should be clearly expressed at the beginning of each paragraph.

Choosing where to position the topic sentence depends not only on your audience and purpose but also on the essay’s arrangement, or order. When you organize information according to order of importance, the topic sentence may be the final sentence in a paragraph. All the supporting sentences build up to the topic sentence. Chronological order may also position the topic sentence as the final sentence because the controlling idea of the paragraph may make the most sense at the end of a sequence.

When you organize information according to spatial order, a topic sentence may appear as the middle sentence in a paragraph. An essay arranged by spatial order often contains paragraphs that begin with descriptions. A reader may first need a visual in his or her mind before understanding the development of the paragraph. When the topic sentence is in the middle, it unites the details that come before it with the ones that come after it.

As you read critically throughout the writing process, keep topic sentences in mind. You may discover topic sentences that are not always located at the beginning of a paragraph. For example, fiction writers customarily use topic ideas, either expressed or implied, to move readers through their texts. In nonfiction writing, such as popular magazines, topic sentences are often used when the author thinks it is appropriate (based on the audience and the purpose, of course). A single topic sentence might even control the development of a number of paragraphs. For more information on topic sentences, please see Chapter 6 “Writing Paragraphs: Separating Ideas and Shaping Content” .

Developing topic sentences and thinking about their placement in a paragraph will prepare you to write the rest of the paragraph.

The paragraph is the main structural component of an essay as well as other forms of writing. Each paragraph of an essay adds another related main idea to support the writer’s thesis, or controlling idea. Each related main idea is supported and developed with facts, examples, and other details that explain it. By exploring and refining one main idea at a time, writers build a strong case for their thesis.

Paragraph Length

How long should a paragraph be?

One answer to this important question may be “long enough”—long enough for you to address your points and explain your main idea. To grab attention or to present succinct supporting ideas, a paragraph can be fairly short and consist of two to three sentences. A paragraph in a complex essay about some abstract point in philosophy or archaeology can be three-quarters of a page or more in length. As long as the writer maintains close focus on the topic and does not ramble, a long paragraph is acceptable in college-level writing. In general, try to keep the paragraphs longer than one sentence but shorter than one full page of double-spaced text.

Journalistic style often calls for brief two- or three-sentence paragraphs because of how people read the news, both online and in print. Blogs and other online information sources often adopt this paragraphing style, too. Readers often skim the first paragraphs of a great many articles before settling on the handful of stories they want to read in detail.

You may find that a particular paragraph you write may be longer than one that will hold your audience’s interest. In such cases, you should divide the paragraph into two or more shorter paragraphs, adding a topic statement or some kind of transitional word or phrase at the start of the new paragraph. Transition words or phrases show the connection between the two ideas.

In all cases, however, be guided by what you instructor wants and expects to find in your draft. Many instructors will expect you to develop a mature college-level style as you progress through the semester’s assignments.

To build your sense of appropriate paragraph length, use the Internet to find examples of the following items. Copy them into a file, identify your sources, and present them to your instructor with your annotations, or notes.

A news article written in short paragraphs. Take notes on, or annotate, your selection with your observations about the effect of combining paragraphs that develop the same topic idea. Explain how effective those paragraphs would be.
A long paragraph from a scholarly work that you identify through an academic search engine. Annotate it with your observations about the author’s paragraphing style.

Starting Your First Draft

Now we are finally ready to look over Mariah’s shoulder as she begins to write her essay about digital technology and the confusing choices that consumers face. As she does, you should have in front of you your outline, with its thesis statement and topic sentences, and the notes you wrote earlier in this lesson on your purpose and audience. Reviewing these will put both you and Mariah in the proper mind-set to start.

The following is Mariah’s thesis statement.

Everyone wants the newest and the best digital technology ,but the choices are many, and the specifications are often confusing

Here are the notes that Mariah wrote to herself to characterize her purpose and audience.

Mariah chose to begin by writing a quick introduction based on her thesis statement. She knew that she would want to improve her introduction significantly when she revised. Right now, she just wanted to give herself a starting point. You will read her introduction again in Section 8.4 “Revising and Editing” when she revises it.

Remember Mariah’s other options. She could have started directly with any of the body paragraphs.

You will learn more about writing attention-getting introductions and effective conclusions in Chapter 9 “Writing Essays: From Start to Finish” .

With her thesis statement and her purpose and audience notes in front of her, Mariah then looked at her sentence outline. She chose to use that outline because it includes the topic sentences. The following is the portion of her outline for the first body paragraph. The roman numeral II identifies the topic sentence for the paragraph, capital letters indicate supporting details, and arabic numerals label subpoints.

The roman numeral II identifies the topic sentence for the paragraph, capital letters indicate supporting details, and arabic numerals label subpoints.

Mariah then began to expand the ideas in her outline into a paragraph. Notice how the outline helped her guarantee that all her sentences in the body of the paragraph develop the topic sentence.

Outlines help guarantee that all sentences in the body of the paragraph develop the topic sentence.

If you write your first draft on the computer, consider creating a new file folder for each course with a set of subfolders inside the course folders for each assignment you are given. Label the folders clearly with the course names, and label each assignment folder and word processing document with a title that you will easily recognize. The assignment name is a good choice for the document. Then use that subfolder to store all the drafts you create. When you start each new draft, do not just write over the last one. Instead, save the draft with a new tag after the title—draft 1, draft 2, and so on—so that you will have a complete history of drafts in case your instructor wishes you to submit them.

In your documents, observe any formatting requirements—for margins, headers, placement of page numbers, and other layout matters—that your instructor requires.

Study how Mariah made the transition from her sentence outline to her first draft. First, copy her outline onto your own sheet of paper. Leave a few spaces between each part of the outline. Then copy sentences from Mariah’s paragraph to align each sentence with its corresponding entry in her outline.

Continuing the First Draft

Mariah continued writing her essay, moving to the second and third body paragraphs. She had supporting details but no numbered subpoints in her outline, so she had to consult her prewriting notes for specific information to include.

If you decide to take a break between finishing your first body paragraph and starting the next one, do not start writing immediately when you return to your work. Put yourself back in context and in the mood by rereading what you have already written. This is what Mariah did. If she had stopped writing in the middle of writing the paragraph, she could have jotted down some quick notes to herself about what she would write next.

Preceding each body paragraph that Mariah wrote is the appropriate section of her sentence outline. Notice how she expanded roman numeral III from her outline into a first draft of the second body paragraph. As you read, ask yourself how closely she stayed on purpose and how well she paid attention to the needs of her audience.

Mariah then began her third and final body paragraph using roman numeral IV from her outline.

Reread body paragraphs two and three of the essay that Mariah is writing. Then answer the questions on your own sheet of paper.

In body paragraph two, Mariah decided to develop her paragraph as a nonfiction narrative. Do you agree with her decision? Explain. How else could she have chosen to develop the paragraph? Why is that better?
Compare the writing styles of paragraphs two and three. What evidence do you have that Mariah was getting tired or running out of steam? What advice would you give her? Why?
Choose one of these two body paragraphs. Write a version of your own that you think better fits Mariah’s audience and purpose.

Writing a Title

A writer’s best choice for a title is one that alludes to the main point of the entire essay. Like the headline in a newspaper or the big, bold title in a magazine, an essay’s title gives the audience a first peek at the content. If readers like the title, they are likely to keep reading.

Following her outline carefully, Mariah crafted each paragraph of her essay. Moving step by step in the writing process, Mariah finished the draft and even included a brief concluding paragraph (you will read her conclusion in Chapter 9 “Writing Essays: From Start to Finish” ). She then decided, as the final touch for her writing session, to add an engaging title.

Thesis Statement: Everyone wants the newest and the best digital technology, but the choices are many, and the specifications are often confusing. Working Title: Digital Technology: The Newest and the Best at What Price?

Writing Your Own First Draft

Now you may begin your own first draft, if you have not already done so. Follow the suggestions and the guidelines presented in this section.

Key Takeaways

Make the writing process work for you. Use any and all of the strategies that help you move forward in the writing process.
Always be aware of your purpose for writing and the needs of your audience. Cater to those needs in every sensible way.
Remember to include all the key structural parts of an essay: a thesis statement that is part of your introductory paragraph, three or more body paragraphs as described in your outline, and a concluding paragraph. Then add an engaging title to draw in readers.
Write paragraphs of an appropriate length for your writing assignment. Paragraphs in college-level writing can be a page long, as long as they cover the main topics in your outline.
Use your topic outline or your sentence outline to guide the development of your paragraphs and the elaboration of your ideas. Each main idea, indicated by a roman numeral in your outline, becomes the topic of a new paragraph. Develop it with the supporting details and the subpoints of those details that you included in your outline.
Generally speaking, write your introduction and conclusion last, after you have fleshed out the body paragraphs.

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An increased public and academic interest in drawing and sketching, both traditional and digital, has allowed drawing research to emerge recently as a discipline in its own right. In light of this development, Writing on Drawing presents a collection of essays by leading artists and drawing researchers that reveal a provocative agenda for the field, analyzing the latest work on creativity ...
Sketching and Writing
Close looking at student sketches offer the teacher opportunities to ask questions and have deeper conversations with students about their writing. It is a more concrete way to start a conference conversation than "Tell me about your writing". Have fun with this-Patti. Using Your Senses. 3 Picture Book Activities.
How to Structure an Essay
The basic structure of an essay always consists of an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. But for many students, the most difficult part of structuring an essay is deciding how to organize information within the body. This article provides useful templates and tips to help you outline your essay, make decisions about your structure, and ...
Essay Writing: How to Write an Outstanding Essay
The essay-writing process. Essay structure. Know your essay's audience. 6 types of essays. Essay writing tips. How to write an essay. The basic steps for how to write an essay are: Generate ideas and pick a type of essay to write. Outline your essay paragraph by paragraph. Write a rough first draft without worrying about details like word ...
8.3 Drafting
Exercise 1. Using the topic for the essay that you outlined in Section 8.2 "Outlining", describe your purpose and your audience as specifically as you can. Use your own sheet of paper to record your responses. Then keep these responses near you during future stages of the writing process.
How to build an essay
Writing an introduction. ... This essay will draw on the trait theory of leadership to argue that that leaders are first born, but then must be made. [3] While good business leaders share certain traits that are essential to success, including 'curiosity, courage, perseverance, personal ethics and confidence' (Kambil, 2010, p.43), they also ...

Essay on Drawing

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Writing on Drawing

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My Hobby Drawing – Essay on My Hobby Drawing in English for Students

My Hobby Drawing – Essay 1

Essay on my Hobby : My favourite hobby drawing

Why do I love drawing?

Benefits of Drawing

Drawing events

My future in drawing

My Hobby Drawing – Essay 2

Colour Pencils, Crayons, and Oil Pastels

The Motivation to Draw

Drawing Events

My Future in Drawing

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Writing on drawing : essays on drawing practice and research

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Writing on Drawing: Essays on Drawing Practice and Research Hardcover – Illustrated, November 15, 2008

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Essay on Drawing Hobby

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Benefits of Drawing

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Sharing Your Drawings

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Starting with Drawing

Sharing Your Art

Keep Learning and Enjoying

The Joy of Drawing

Improving Your Skills

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