Estimated reductions in greenhouse gas emissions were not met.
The program’s dual objectives of stimulating the economy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions became competing objectives, with the stimulus objectives overriding all others, including health and safety. The stimulus objective meant that timelines were the key factor in most decisions on how the program was designed and this time pressure contributed to the policy failure.
Other contributing issues were institutional/policy process centred. This related to the Cabinet and policy development process failures, as well as cultural issues within the Australian Public Service. This was a fear of fear of giving bad news to the minister. In the case of HIP, the public servants failed to inform the relevant ministers about the major risks associated with the timeframe.
Digital Switchover HAS was part of a broader program to switch from analogue TV to digital TV. The government faced the question of whether they would actively assist vulnerable cohorts to transition from analogue to digital.
Having decided they would provide some form of assistance, the government opted for in-home assistance, with a trained installer coming to eligible people’s homes and installing a Set Top Box. The target group was people who needed technical assistance but could not afford to pay for it themselves—those on the maximum rate of certain Centrelink payments.
The program had some level of success across most of the success/failure dimensions.
Process | The scheme was implemented as per the announcement. There were no significant deviations from when the scheme was first designed and considered by Cabinet. |
Goal attainment | Clear objectives were set at the start of the program and were met. |
Distributional outcomes | Provided support to poorer households. |
Political consequences | Mixed, and changed over time. Very well received by stakeholders, but media coverage was negative. |
Factors that contributed to the program’ success included a staged/phased rollout, installer/product regulation and training and demand-side controls.
Institutional and policy process issues played a key role in both HIP and HAS. Both programs were developed under the same chaotic Cabinet processes but there were different outcomes. For HIP, the decision-making was rushed and disjointed, without any proper policy development process underpinning the program. For HAS, the internal policy development process had been careful, deliberate, and thorough which offset part of the risks associated with poor Cabinet processes.
A key difference was in the public service leadership. The HIP was designed and implemented by career public servants, who may have bought into the ‘don’t tell the Minister’ culture. On the other hand, the head of the Digital Switchover Taskforce was external to the Australian Public Service (APS) and came without cultural baggage.
Another comparative lesson is the danger of central agencies having too much weight in the policy-making process, as they seek to achieve their ministers’ political objectives. This is often at the expense of the subject-matter and service-delivery experts in line agencies.
The problems associated with poor institutional culture, poor policy and Cabinet processes, and problematic leadership created risks across all programs. However, as with all risks, whether the risks result in problems depends partially on chance and partially on how effectively the risk can be managed and mitigated
Analysing policy success and failure in Australia: Pink batts and set-top boxes – Daniel Casey, Australian Journal of Public Administration, August 2024
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This section will describe the parts of a brief in order to give you an idea about what a brief is, what is helpful to include in a brief, and what purpose it serves. Case briefs are a necessary study aid in law school that helps to encapsulate and analyze the mountainous mass of material that law students must digest.
Law students use case briefings to prepare for lectures, readings, exams, and the natural world of practice. Students adopting the Socratic or "case method" of instruction will find this particularly useful. The case method is frequently used in first-year law classes instead of lecturing students on the law. They instead use in-depth questions ...
Legal case briefs are an essential tool for you as a law student, as they provide a concise and organized summary of a court case. Case brief examples serve as a means for you to understand the facts, issues, and legal principles underlying a court decision, and are crucial in helping you develop analytical and critical thinking skills. One of the primary reasons why case briefs are important ...
The primary purpose of writing a case brief is to condense and synthesize complex legal cases into a manageable format. It helps law students and professionals understand and recall key aspects of cases, such as facts, legal issues, and judgments, which is crucial for classroom discussions, exams, and legal practice. 2.
2. Start with the title, citation and author. A case brief can start with the title of the case, citation and author. The title names the two opposing sides of the argument. The name of the person or party who initiated legal action, either the petitioner or plaintiff, appears first, followed by the respondent, or defendant.
Here, we'll provide you with a proposed case brief template as an example of how you might organize your own. We'll then show you how this template would work in the context of a real case that you could be assigned in your first year of law school. Below, we provide you with more information on what to include in this template.
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To ensure you're making the most of your case studies, we've put together 15 real-life case study examples to inspire you. These examples span a variety of industries and formats. We've also included best practices, design tips and templates to inspire you. Let's dive in!
People (Colorado) v. Nathan Hall. Colorado Supreme Court 2004. Procedural History: At a preliminary hearing, the trial court dismissed case for lack of probable cause (defendant won) District court affirmed lack of probable cause (defendant won again) Appellate court reversed (People won)
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A case study of policy failure. HIP was an Australian Government response to the 2008 Global Financial Crisis. The program part of a broader economic stimulus package and it subsidised the installation of insulation in homes. The program was a failure across the four dimensions of the success/failure framework.