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Educación Postsecundaria: Definición y Características

¿la universidad es educación postsecundaria.

Cualquier nivel de estudio después de la escuela secundaria, incluidos los colegios, universidades y escuelas de oficios, se considera educación postsecundaria. Estas instituciones pueden ser públicas o privadas, con o sin fines de lucro y ofrecen una variedad de programas. Es importante leer más sobre lo que califica como educación postsecundaria e investigar si una escuela postsecundaria está acreditada antes de inscribirse.

Obtenga más información sobre la educación a nivel postsecundario en la siguiente transcripción.

¿Qué es la educación postsecundaria?

En pocas palabras, la educación postsecundaria es la educación después de la escuela secundaria. Se dice que alguien que se gradúa de la escuela secundaria y continúa en una universidad estatal, por ejemplo, está buscando una educación postsecundaria. Cuando se habla de educación postsecundaria, la mayoría de la gente piensa en colegios y universidades. Sin embargo, hay muchas opciones postsecundarias disponibles.

¿Qué es un estudiante postsecundario?

Juana acaba de comenzar su último año en la escuela secundaria. Una vez que Juana se gradúe y se inscriba en un programa postsecundario, se convertirá en una estudiante postsecundaria. Ella ya tomó su examen de admisión a la universidad, pero todavía tiene dificultades para decidir entre ir a estudiar a una universidad o ir a una escuela de belleza. Sus padres la están presionando para que obtenga su licenciatura, pero en el fondo, Juana realmente quiere convertirse en peluquera y ponerse a trabajar. Está abrumada y no sabe muy bien qué hacer. Ella está lidiando con lo que luchan muchos futuros estudiantes postsecundarios: qué programa seguir.

¿Qué califica como educación postsecundaria?

La educación a nivel postsecundario incluye programas de licenciatura, maestría, doctorado y escuela de oficios. Los colegios comunitarios, las universidades de cuatro años y las escuelas de comercio califican como instituciones educativas postsecundarias.

Los colegios comunitarios locales son instituciones que generalmente otorgan títulos a nivel de asociado o de dos años, aunque algunos ofrecen títulos de licenciatura. Otra opción postsecundaria son las universidades públicas y privadas. Aunque a menudo se hace referencia a las universidades y los colegios como lo mismo, los colegios tienden a ser más pequeños que las universidades, con un número más limitado de programas para elegir. Las universidades otorgan títulos, incluidos títulos de licenciatura, maestría y doctorado, en los niveles de pregrado y posgrado.

También hay universidades públicas y privadas, que son instituciones más grandes de cuatro años que ofrecen muchos cursos postsecundarios diferentes a nivel de pregrado y posgrado y más allá. Al igual que con las universidades, los títulos otorgados por las universidades suelen incluir títulos de licenciatura, maestría y doctorado.

Las escuelas de comercio son otra opción postsecundaria. Estas son escuelas especializadas que enseñan un oficio y pueden incluir escuelas de belleza, escuelas mecánicas y técnicas, academias de bomberos y policía, programas de enfermería en hospitales y escuelas culinarias. Estas instituciones ofrecen principalmente programas de tipo certificado y licencia y preparan a los estudiantes para certificaciones y exámenes de licencia estatal, aunque algunas ofrecen títulos de licenciatura.

¿Qué es una institución postsecundaria?

Las instituciones postsecundarias pueden recibir sus fondos de forma privada o pública.

Instituciones Postsecundarias Públicas

Las instituciones postsecundarias públicas son aquellas que se financian con dinero de los contribuyentes que recibe el estado. La Universidad de Florida es un ejemplo de universidad postsecundaria pública. La matrícula en las instituciones públicas tiende a ser significativamente menor que la matrícula en las instituciones privadas. La matrícula también es menor para los residentes del estado en el que se encuentra la institución que para los que asisten pero viven fuera del estado.

Instituciones postsecundarias privadas

Una institución postsecundaria privada es aquella que está financiada de forma privada y no recibe ni depende de fondos estatales. Las entidades privadas pueden tener fines de lucro, como la Universidad de Phoenix, o sin fines de lucro, como la Universidad de Barry. Sin embargo, en cualquier caso, el costo de asistir a una escuela postsecundaria privada tiende a ser significativamente más alto que el de asistir a una escuela estatal.

Una nota sobre la acreditación

Muchas de las instituciones y escuelas de educación postsecundaria han recibido acreditación , lo que significa que han recibido reconocimiento oficial por cumplir con los estándares educativos generales a través de un organismo de acreditación reconocido por el gobierno. Para que un título se considere válido, debe provenir de una institución acreditada.

Hay dos tipos de acreditación que una institución postsecundaria puede recibir: acreditación regional y acreditación nacional. La acreditación regional es la acreditación más fuerte que una institución puede recibir. Las instituciones que han sido acreditadas regionalmente generalmente son sin fines de lucro y pasan por revisiones de acreditación extensas y periódicas. La acreditación nacional suele ser la acreditación otorgada a las escuelas que son de naturaleza vocacional y muchas escuelas que operan con fines de lucro. La acreditación nacional es una acreditación menos estricta que la acreditación regional.

Sin embargo, es importante tener en cuenta que el hecho de que una institución postsecundaria esté en funcionamiento no significa que esté acreditada. Hay escuelas que operan en el nivel educativo postsecundario sin acreditación. Los estados individuales pueden decidir qué instituciones educativas están aprobadas para ofrecer programas dentro de sus áreas, y siempre debe hacer su tarea e investigar la institución postsecundaria a la que planea asistir antes de inscribirse.

Resumen de la lección

La educación postsecundaria , en pocas palabras, se refiere a toda la educación que tiene lugar después de la escuela secundaria. Aunque a menudo se considera educación universitaria o universitaria, también puede incluir educación en colegios comunitarios y escuelas de oficios. Las instituciones educativas postsecundarias pueden ser financiadas con fondos privados o estatales. En general, la matrícula en las instituciones públicas tiende a ser mucho menor que la matrícula en las instituciones privadas.

Al buscar opciones de educación postsecundaria, es importante investigar la acreditación o el reconocimiento oficial por parte de un órgano rector de la institución. Hay dos tipos de acreditaciones reconocidas: acreditación regional y acreditación nacional. Los futuros estudiantes deben investigar antes de inscribirse en una institución postsecundaria, ya que algunas instituciones operan sin estar acreditadas.

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What is postsecondary education?

• Future of Work

The purpose of postsecondary education and how we can make it better

What is postsecondary education? For decades, the only real answer has been a four-year college or university — or maybe a community college. 

Today, this narrow definition falls short of meeting the diverse needs of learners, educators, and employers. 

It’s time to transform postsecondary education to include more workers by embracing options that recognize and nurture each person’s unique talents and skills. That means recognizing learning and skills acquired in a variety of settings —   not just through a degree. 

The evolving role of postsecondary education

A college degree may be the best path for some people, but not for  all people. For too long, we’ve discounted or diminished plans that don’t involve college after high school. 

The modern world demands new pathways that support many unique journeys. These pathways may include a liberal arts degree, career and technical programs, competency and skills-based education, experiential learning, civic education, and community engagement. All types of learning after high school should be recognized as equally valid and valuable. 

The key is that they don’t look the same for everyone.

Impact of technology and globalization

There’s a  huge gap between the skills today’s employers need (or think they need) and the skills today’s workers have. Advancements in technology (like AI, semiconductors, and alternative energy) and a global economy have changed the workforce and pushed the limits of what education can deliver. The world is now more connected than ever and changing rapidly. Workers must be able to adapt and pivot quickly to meet the changing needs of employers through more ongoing learning alongside their career paths. 

Technology makes it easier than ever to gain and demonstrate new abilities, but employers need to move beyond the degree-only mentality. Maryland is an excellent example of what happens when employers rethink this outdated norm. In 2022, then-Gov. Larry Hogan eliminated degree requirements for most state jobs. The Maryland government worked with  Opportunity@Work , a nonprofit that advocates for skills-based hiring, to vet candidates without degrees, immediately and significantly increasing the number of people hired without degrees.

“Ending onerous college degree requirements was not just effective in creating a stronger workforce, it was also just common sense,” Hogan said. “Skills and hard work should determine success, not excessive credentialism.”

Current trends in postsecondary education

Some progress has been made, with today’s students approaching higher education differently from previous generations. For example,  the pandemic forever transformed learning , leading to an unprecedented increase in distance learning. Online education now offers greater opportunities, convenience, and flexibility for learners. 

Microcredentials are also growing in popularity, allowing students to demonstrate their aptitudes and talents in new ways. According to a  report from the Society of Human Resources Management Foundation, the number of available alternative credential programs nearly tripled from 2018 to 2020. 

But there’s much more work to be done. 

Reevaluating the necessity of a college degree

More than 70 million American workers  don’t have college degrees . However, entry-level jobs often require a bachelor’s degree, and applicants don’t have what employers need. According to a 2020 study by the United States Chamber of Commerce, 48% of hiring managers said candidates  lack the skills for the jobs they’re trying to fill. 

To stay competitive in job markets, employers need to reassess their reliance on degrees and put equal value on alternative education credentials and other forms of learning. Doing so will open a massive talent pool and collectively save workers millions of dollars that would otherwise be spent on degrees that don’t match their career goals.  

Many rewarding careers don’t require college degrees once people become open to alternative pathways, according to Todd Rose, co-founder of Populace, a think tank that studies individuality. This acceptance needs to start early in our education system.

“We are sick and tired of  funneling every kid to college just to have the privilege of being able to get a career that didn’t require a college diploma in the first place,” Rose said. “We have a new expectation for our education system for K-12. We want it to be  focused on careers and meaningful work .”

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The rising cost of education

The cost of a college education has skyrocketed, making it out of reach for those unwilling to take on massive amounts of debt. In the 2021-22 academic year, annual tuition and fees for public and private nonprofit colleges  averaged $9,800 and $40,700, respectively. 

Less expensive alternatives could provide a much higher return on the investment into education. Embracing them can also enhance accessibility and inclusivity in the workplace by providing opportunities for those who may have struggled to find work in the past, such as older workers, veterans, or formerly incarcerated people. 

Alternatives to a traditional college education may include: 

• Vocational and technical training, 
• Online courses and certifications,
• Entrepreneurship and startups, and
• “Earn and learn” models.

Pushing for reform in postsecondary education

Policy changes and innovations in the postsecondary education ecosystem shouldn’t be viewed as threatening traditional education. They should serve as a stimulus to enhance the value of a college degree. Though such a shift would be a significant endeavor, it’s essential and requires policymakers, educators, and students to come together to engage and take action. 

That may mean integrating more career-relevant topics into college curriculums and providing students with increased opportunities for hands-on experience through methods like stackable credentials. On a policy front, it should include the elimination of unnecessary degree requirements for some public and private sector jobs and the potential use of existing funding to pay for programs that don’t grant degrees.  

The path forward for education and employment

The good news: Innovators and entrepreneurs across the country are working to establish new and  better pathways for learners . Changes like these can ultimately help individuals craft education paths that are best for their skills, aptitudes, experiences, and interests. But there’s much work to do on multiple fronts before alternate pathways are fully embraced. 

“It’s more than an initiative,” said Debbie Dyson, CEO of OneTen, an organization focused on placing 1 million Black individuals without four-year degrees into family-sustaining careers. “It can’t be seen as just ‘an HR thing.’” 

“This is a movement,” she said. “It has to be embedded and woven into the culture of organizations. This can’t be the CEO saying, ‘Go do this thing.’ You have to fundamentally change how you think about hiring, where we’re trying to disrupt the traditional way of hiring.” 

Education designer Don Fraser agreed. 

“This is a huge opportunity to unlock the jobs of the future — to fill the gaps that exist now between our workforce and what the future of our workforce actually needs,” he said. 

When businesses hire the right people in the right roles, everyone wins. People want to learn, grow, and succeed, and the business gets engaged employees who create more value.

“Learners, educators, employers — they all have a stake in co-designing and building a solution,” Fraser said. “It builds confidence. It builds agency, and at the end of the day, you’re building something that people actually want. If we bring the people who are closest to the problem into the conversation, we have a real shot at making this world a better place for everyone.”

Organizations mentioned previously, including Populace and Opportunity@Work, will take the stage at the Human Potential Summit in Denver, Colorado this October. As a sponsor, Stand Together is offering a 20% discount on your ticket for a limited time. Claim your ticket(s) here to learn from leading innovators at the Summit. 

Learn more about  Stand Together’s Future of Work efforts and explore ways you can partner with us .

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Everything You Need to Know About Getting a Post-Secondary Education

• By Emily Summers
• December 10, 2019

Are you about to graduate high school or have already graduated but are considering further studies for better employment opportunities? If so, then you might have heard the term “post-secondary education” every now and then.

As the name goes, post-secondary education takes place after you finish high school. And while most people see it as a stepping stone towards better employment opportunities in the future, this isn’t always necessarily the case. Also, contrary to popular belief, post-secondary education isn’t limited to college, so if money is a hindering factor for taking post-secondary education, you might want to consider the other options aside from college.

In this article, we define post-secondary education, what it means, and the various options available for you after your graduate high school (or high school equivalent). And then we tackle whether or not taking a post-secondary education really is important in the career path you want to take.

What Is Post-Secondary Education?

Secondary vs. post-secondary education, vocational schools, non-degree students, community colleges, colleges & universities, do i need post-secondary education for work.

Post-secondary education is also known as “higher education,” “third-level education,” or “tertiary education,” which all roughly mean the same thing. Its subtypes that don’t result in degrees like certificate programs and community college are also called “continuing education.” These refer to the educational programs you can take after graduating high school, get your GED, or anything similar to these in your country.

Unlike primary and secondary school that are mandatory for children under the age of 18, post-secondary education is completely optional. It is the final stage of formal learning and leads towards an academic degree. Post-secondary education is defined in the International Standard Classification of Education as levels 6 through 8. Post-secondary education also includes both undergraduate and postgraduate studies.

In the United States, plenty of high school students opt to take post-secondary education , with over 21 million students attending after high school. This is because many people see this as a ticket to economic security as having a higher education degree can be the key to opening more job opportunities in the market. While college is a type of post-secondary education, it is not the only form of tertiary education, though. And just because someone has completed their post-secondary education does not necessarily mean there will be job offers lined up for their choosing. Nor does it mean that they automatically earn more than a person who chose not to attend post-secondary education.

Secondary education is more commonly known as high school, but it can also refer to people who have taken their GED (General Education Development) tests or any equivalent around the world. Unlike post-secondary education, students are required to attend secondary school (or at least they are, until they turn 18 and can opt to drop out).

There are a number of people who choose to drop out ( around 527,000 people from October 2017 to October 2018). While it is possible for them to find work (around 47.2 percent of them), they cannot attend post-secondary education unless they finish high school or earn a secondary education diploma.

And while there are jobs available for those who didn’t get to finish secondary school or finished high school but opted not to attend post-secondary education, this closes some doors for them. For example, if you want to become a medical doctor , you cannot enter medical school until you earn a Bachelor’s degree by attending four years of college under an appropriate pre-med program. So, even if you got high grades in high school biology, no medical school is going to accept a student without a bachelor’s degree.

Post-Secondary Institutions

Contrary to popular belief, the term “post-secondary education” and its other similar terms aren’t limited to just earning a bachelor’s degree in high school. Colleges and universities are the most popular choice, but they may not be the most financially possible choice for everyone, especially if you consider that plenty of college graduates in the US are struggling to pay off student loan payments years after they’ve graduated college.

If you’re open to the idea of further education after high school but want to consider other options, here are your possible choices.

Also known as trade or tech schools, vocational schools teach it students on the technical side of certain crafts or skills of a specific job. Unlike colleges where its students receive academic training for careers in certain professional disciplines, vocational school students do job-specific training where certain physical skills are needed more than academic learning.

These are available in almost every country, though they may go by different names. In some countries, there may be both vocational schools run privately or public vocational school that are either fully or partially subsidized by the government for people who want to learn skills for better employment opportunities.

Some vocational courses include:

• Health care for nursing (for people who want to work as caregivers)
• Computer network management
• Word processing application (secretarial positions)
• Food and beverage management
• Fashion designing
• Electrician
• Commercial pilot
• Catering and hotel management
• Daycare management
• Hairstyling, cosmetics, and beautification
• Paralegal studies
• Massage therapy
• Pharmacy technician
• Travel agent

Take note that there are a lot more vocational courses than the ones provided, but not all vocational schools provide all types of courses. Some vocational schools may also specialize in certain industries, so it’s best to do your research on vocational schools in your area .

Completion of any of these courses provide you with a certificate that shows you have completed and trained for the skill of your choice. This gives you a competitive advantage in the job market compared to other high school graduates who do not have the same training for the skillset you have.

It is also possible to have multiple certificates for different courses if you think this will give you a further advantage, such as getting certified for Electrician, Plumber, and Carpentry courses if you intend to work in the construction industry. This also applies to college graduates who think they can get a leg up with both a college degree and a vocational school certificate on their resume.

There are two definitions of non-degree students . The first is a student who attends a college or university and attends undergraduate, master, or doctorate classes but not for the sake of earning a degree. These are people who may be interested in learning for specific classes and want to pursue academic interests but do not see the need to earn the full degree. These can be simply because they want to learn a certain field or who want to add to their resume that they took classes for a specific subject.

Another type of non-degree student are online or classroom programs on specific topics that can be used for resume-building skills or personal enrichment. You won’t earn a diploma, but you earn a certificate of completion. It’s similar to what you earn from tech school, but more academic than in terms of skill.

Community colleges are also known as “junior colleges” or “two-year colleges.” As its name goes, instead of earning a Bachelor’s degree after four years, community college students earn associate degrees after just two years . Some community colleges also offer non-degree certificates and vocational courses, though not all colleges do. Aside from academic classes, community colleges offer other programs for the community.

The reason why community colleges take half the time to earn a diploma is because it only offers the general education requirements taken by all college students. In regular colleges and universities, you spend four years studying: the first two years are dedicated to general education requirements, while the next two are for your specialized classes depending on your major.

Community college can be a step towards employment, but it can also be a step towards entering university. With the classes you’ve taken in community college, you can proceed to a university and major for two more years to work towards a bachelor’s degree. But if you think you don’t need one and intend to enter the workforce after attending community college, you’ll be given an associate’s degree after completion.

The most popular choice for post-secondary education, colleges and universities not only provide bachelor’s degree for high school students, but also post-graduate degrees for college students. Some examples of post-graduate degrees that fall under this bracket include graduate school, law school, medical school, dental school, and business school.

Some people attend post-secondary education institutions like graduate school and business schools for a master’s degree that will give them a leg-up in the job market for higher-ranking positions. However, for other institutions like law school and medical school, you need to enter and finish your education if you want to achieve a certain job role. For example, paralegals may need certification or even a bachelor’s degree, depending on how competitive a paralegal position in a law firm is, but if you want to become a lawyer, you need to finish to law school and pass the bar exam in your jurisdiction.

It’s relatively the most expensive form of post-secondary education, but there are several options on how to get in. There are several scholarship and grant programs that can provide you with partial to full scholarships (some even provide stipends or allowances for expenses like food, books, and other necessities) without having to go into debt. However, a lot of scholarship programs are extremely competitive and are usually awarded to students who show a lot of academic or athletic promise or require the most financial aid.

Getting post-secondary education is not necessary to land a job in the future, nor is there any assurance that getting further education will get you a job right after completing your education. If you feel like none of the options mentioned above can help you towards the career you want or see yourself doing in the future, then you don’t have to take any of them. Unlike elementary and secondary school in your younger years, post-secondary education isn’t mandatory – whether you attend school after high school or after the age of 18 is still your choice.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, almost 70% of high school graduates in 2018 between the ages of 16 to 24 enrolled to colleges or universities. And out of the 20 to 29-year-olds who received a college diploma, around 72% were employed. However, 74% of high school graduates were in the labor force (meaning they were working or actively looking for work), while 42% of high school drop outs were working.

This means that regardless of your educational attainment, there will be a position in the job market that will suit your educational attainment. However, depending on what that is, the job market could be competitive.

Also, take note of the salary difference. One of the possible reasons why over half of high school graduates opt to attend post-secondary education is because the average annual salary of a college graduate is over half the average annual salary of a high school graduate – and the gap between the two educational attainments is only growing wider.

However, some people don’t work for the paycheck alone and work because it’s something they want to do or they’re content with their job and the salary they earn. There is nothing wrong with this, especially if this means they choose a career path or job that allows them to do what they want.

Whether or not you should pursue post-secondary education is ultimately up to you. If you want a career that doesn’t necessarily fall under the available institutions or you feel like continuing education will do little to help your career, then it’s OK to skip this altogether and pursue a career or track that you want. But if you want to pursue continuing education but feel like you can’t afford to take four years of college, then you know that you have other options available that may help you.

About the Author

Emily summers.

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Postsecondary Education

Postsecondary education , also known as tertiary education, is the education level that follows the successful completion of secondary education, often referred to as high school. Postsecondary education includes universities and colleges, as well as trade and vocational schools. Postsecondary education encompasses both undergraduate and postgraduate students and usually culminates with a diploma, certification or academic degree. According to the Education Data Initiative , more than 20 million high school students in the United States pursue a postsecondary education every year given the economic security and job opportunities that come with an accreditation.

Postsecondary education encompasses several types of institutions that offer various degrees and diplomas. Vocational schools, otherwise known as trade schools, have gained popularity for the emphasis placed on honing technical, hands-on skills. Students who complete a vocational degree gain job-specific training that prepares them for their future careers. Vocational education courses may include carpentry, plumbing, massage therapy and paralegal studies, among other areas. Community colleges are another popular type of postsecondary education. Students earn an Associate Degree after two years of study, focusing on general education requirements. Many students who complete their postsecondary education at a community college eventually enroll in a degree program offered at a four-year college or university. These four-year institutions remain the most sought-after choice for postsecondary education. Students enrolled in a college or university program may pursue a career in teaching, law, psychiatry and dentistry, among other fields. Depending on the area of study, students may be required to complete further studies—such as law school or medical school—before landing their desired career.

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The Power of Knowledge: What Is a Post-Secondary Education?

• June 29, 2023

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Table of Contents

What does post-secondary education mean, types of post-secondary education, final thoughts.

Key Takeaways:

• Post-secondary education is an umbrella term that can be used to describe any further education you pursue post your high school graduation or GED completion.
• There are a variety of different types of post-secondary education, including college, vocational schools, continuing education programs and life skills programs.
• Completing a post-secondary education can prepare you for your dream career or progress in your current role.

Suppose you are a senior in high school about to graduate, or you have graduated and are thinking about heading back to school. In that case, you may have heard the term “post-secondary education.” As the name implies, a post-secondary education encompasses any further education you pursue after high school graduation or GED completion (secondary education).

If you want to learn more, read ahead to understand the different types of post-secondary education, the difference between secondary and post-secondary schools and why people choose different paths following high school or their GED completion.

When people consider secondary vs. post-secondary education, most people think of high school vs. college. But, a great way to understand what post-secondary education means is to consider it an umbrella term to describe any education you complete after high school or completion of your GED, which are forms of secondary education. A post-secondary, or tertiary education, is not limited to college pursuits. In fact, post-secondary education consists of many types of education.

While colleges and universities may be some of the most popular types of post-secondary education institutions, there are also vocational schools, technical schools, continuing education and life skills programs. These educational pursuits can prepare you for your desired career or help you reach the next level in your career.

From colleges and universities to life skills programs and vocational and technical schools, the options for post-secondary education are expansive. Here are some of the most common.

Two- and Four-Year Colleges and Universities

Colleges and universities are popular education options for many Americans. According to the Education Data Initiative , more than 20 million people enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs in 2022. Most college and university programs are two or four years long, but several also offer both undergraduate and graduate programs.

Two- and four-year college and university programs offer different experiences. Four-year programs typically focus on general education and theoretical courses. Alternatively, two-year programs usually offer more hands-on instruction in core classes, giving students work opportunities where they can apply their knowledge.

Two-year colleges also sometimes have fewer students compared to four-year programs, offering smaller class sizes. In terms of cost, two-year colleges tend to be more affordable than four-year colleges since students spend half the time at the institution. Both four- and two-year colleges are great options for students who want to continue their education.

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Vocational Schools

Another option for post-secondary education is vocational schools. Both trade and technical schools fall under this category. These types of institutions provide skills-based training for careers that are more physical in nature.

Examples of careers you can pursue at vocational schools include:

• Food and beverage management
• Hair and beauty
• Fashion design
• Electrician
• Paralegal studies
• HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning)
• Commercial aviation
• Hospitality
• Daycare management
• Massage therapy
• Travel agent
• Nursing and caregiving

These professions need tactical, hands-on training not commonly offered in a university classroom. Vocational schools are often considered a practical option because they provide hands-on experience that prepares students for a specific job.

Technical Schools

Technical schools fall under the broader umbrella of vocational schools. These schools give associate degrees and other certifications for technical job fields. After attending a technical school, you may need to participate in a training or apprentice program before you become a full-time employee.

Trade School

Another type of vocational school is a trade school. These schools offer training for professions that require many hours of on-the-job experience to enter the field. These schools prepare students to be auto mechanics, electricians, carpenters and medical assistants, just to name a few.

Continuing Education Programs

Continuing education programs are made up of various courses a person can take. These programs can consist of seminars, one-time classes, online courses or full degrees. People seek out these types of programs for a variety of different reasons. One reason may be that your organization requires associates in your role to take a class to advance. Or, you may be a teacher or medical professional that is required to complete these types of courses. On a smaller scale, you may complete this type of course or certificate simply to gain a new skill .

Continuing education programs can help you advance in your career path, or they can help you transition into a new field. These programs are great for increasing personal development and building your resume.

Life Skills Programs

Life skills programs give opportunities to people who may not be able to attend colleges, universities or vocational schools. These programs focus on helping students advance or learn new skills in order for them to live an independent life. These consist of but are not limited to managing a household, traveling, socializing or bookkeeping. These programs are often geared toward people with disabilities who may be unable to attend college and live independent lives.

Post-secondary education includes a variety of options. Commonly, people think of four-year college as the only post-secondary education option and the next step after high school or GED completion. However, college is only one of the options; many different kinds of post-secondary education can train a student for their desired career path. It is important for people of all ages interested in pursuing more education to know about all the possibilities available to them.

To learn more about the importance of post-secondary education and other essential topics, follow philanthropist and entrepreneur Robert F. Smith on LinkedIn .

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Mbe entrepreneurship & supplier diversity.

1. Provide technical expertise: offer subject matter and technical expertise to catalyze and support community initiatives 

E.g., tax/accounting experts to help MBEs file taxes

E.g., business experts to help MBEs better access capital and craft business plans to scale their teams and operations

Access to Capital (CDFI/MDI)

2. Fund modernization & capacity-building and provide in-kind subject matter experts – $30M: help 4-5 CDFIs/MDIs over 5 years modernize their core systems, hire and train staff, expand marketing and standup SWAT team of experts to conduct needs diagnostic, implement tech solution & provide technical assistance

Systems and technology modernization – $10M-15M: Add/upgrade core banking systems, hardware and productivity tools, train frontline workforce on new systems & technology and hire engineering specialists to support customization and news systems rollout – over 5 years

Talent and workforce – $10M: hire and train additional frontline lending staff and invest in recruiting, training, compensation & benefits and retention to increase in-house expertise and loan capacity – over 5 years

Other capacity-building and outreach – $8M: hire additional staff to increase custom borrower and technical assistance (e.g., credit building, MBE financing options, etc.) and increase community outreach to drive regional awareness and new pipeline projects – over 5 years

Education/HBCU & Workforce Development

3. Offer more paid internships: signup onto InternX and offer 25+ additional paid internships per year to HBCU/Black students 

Digital Access

4. Issue digital access equality bonds: issue equality progress bonds and invest proceeds into SCI’s digital access initiatives

5. Fund HBCU campus-wide internet – up to $50M in donations or in-kind: Partner with the Student Freedom Initiative to deliver campus-wide high-speed internet at ~10 HBCUs across SCI regions

6. Be an advocate for SCI priorities: engage federal and state agencies to drive policy and funding improvements to better support SCI’s near-term priorities

E.g., Engage the Small Business Administration and Minority Business Development Agency to increase technical assistance programs and annual spend to better support Minority Business Enterprises (MBEs) with capital and scaling needs

E.g., Ask the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to include multi-dwelling unit connectivity in its new broadband connectivity maps and ask the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) to allow non-FCC data in state broadband plans to unlock ~$285M in potential government broadband funding for 5 SCI regions

Directly Fund SCI

7. Invest directly into SCI (coming soon): provide funding for SCI to pool and invest in community initiatives that are most well-positioned for funding and can drive direct community impact.

Memphis, Tennessee

Lead community organization: The Collective Blueprint

Our ambition:

Increase the volume and value of Black-owned businesses – through corporate MBE spend and MBE startups & scaling

1. Scale technical assistance – $15M: fund* to expand technical assistance through business coaches and wrap-around services for 500+ MBEs over 5 years to help them scale from <$1M to $5M+ in annual revenue

2. Standup MBE fund – $15M: standup/scale MBE fund* to offer more flexible access to capital arrangements 400-500 MBEs over 5 years

 * Lead organization: The Collective Blueprint ; Contributing local organizations for community strategy include (but not limited to): Community Unlimited , Women’s Business Center South , Epicenter , others

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): 2.3x increase in MBE value & 20K+ new jobs, boosting Black community’s net worth by ~$3B+

Modernize CDFI/MDI systems and tech as well as recruit and upskill talent to increase CDFI/MDI capacity and ability to inject more capital into Black communities

3. Provide loan guarantees – $15M: create a fund* to provide 80% loan guarantees over 5 years to encourage lender participation and inject more capital into the community

4. Conduct advocacy: ask US Treasury & Tennessee State to allow Tennessee CDFIs/MDIs to retain SSBCI capital & offer loan guarantees to boost loan issuance

5. Fund modernization & capacity-building and provide in-kind subject matter experts – $30M: help 4-5 CDFIs/MDIs** over 5 years modernize their core systems, hire and train staff, expand marketing and standup a SWAT team of experts to conduct needs diagnostic, implement tech solution & provide technical assistance

* Leading organizations for community strategy include (but not limited to): Community LIFT , Memphis CDFI Network , etc.

* In partnership with National Bankers Association and Appalachian Community Capital ; CDFIs/MDIs being considered include: Community Unlimited, Hope Credit Union, River City Capital, United Housing Inc, etc.

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): ~$330M+ in additional loans per year to support ~30K+ MBEs

Lower financial burden for Black students, increase number of Black college graduates, increase Black workforce and executive representation and their access to high-paying jobs

6. Standup training hub – $30M: fund* the establishment a world-class training hub that offers certificate-granting STEM and innovation programs in advanced manufacturing, health care, etc. to 10K+ youths

7. Fund SFI program – $7M: fund the Student Freedom Initiative’s  Income Contingent Alternative to Parent Plus to support ~15 Black STEM students per year forever at 4 HBCUs**

* Lead organization: The Collective Blueprint ; Contributing local organizations for community strategy include (but not limited to): Greater Memphis Chamber and Workforce Midsouth

** Minority Serving Institutions / HBCUs with STEM programs being considered: Le Moyne-Owen, Baptist Memorial, University of Memphis, Rust College

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): 8K+ additional college graduates and 10K workers with high-paying wages to drive ~$1B+ in economic growth

Increase accessibility, affordability and adoption of high-speed Internet

8. Accelerate digital access initiatives – $75M:  partner with local orgs* to invest in setting up internet connections / installing hotspots, offering laptops and supporting adoption (through government subsidy technical assistance and digital literacy) to connect ~135K homes to high-speed internet in the Memphis region

9. Raise community awareness & adoption of Emergency Broadband Benefit: increase door-to-door and community outreach in low-income neighborhoods to get households onto EBB to help connect ~135K unconnected households 

 * Lead organization: The Collective Blueprint ; Contributing local organizations for community strategy include (but not limited to): CodeCrew

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): ~135K households connected to high-speed internet to unlock ~$2B+ in economic potential

Houston, Texas

Lead community organization: Greater Houston Partnership

1. Scale team – ~$3M: hire 3-4 FTEs over 5 years for One Houston Together * to help companies increase MBE spend from ~2% to 5-10%+ as well as BIPOC workforce advancement and BIPOC board representation 

2. Increase MBE certification and scale technical assistance – ~$2M: partner with One Houston Together * and the Houston Minority Supplier Development Council (HSMDC) ** to certify additional MBEs, develop Minority Business Finder database tool and provide resources and services to help local MBEs scale and participate in Pathways to Excellence program

3. Commit to increase racial diversity in supply chain and procurement: increase MBE spend in Greater Houston region* to 5-10%+

* One Houston Together serves as lead (please contact if you are interested in funding these initiatives)

** Houston Minority Supplier Development Council (HSMDC) serves as a partner organization (please contact if you are interested in learning more about this initiative)

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): 2.5x increase in MBE value & ~55K new jobs, boosting Black community’s net worth by ~$12B 

4. Fund modernization & capacity-building and provide in-kind subject matter experts – $30M: help 4-5 CDFIs/MDIs* over 5 years modernize their core systems, hire and train staff, expand marketing and standup SWAT team of experts to conduct needs diagnostic, implement tech solution & provide technical assistance

* In partnership with National Bankers Association and Appalachian Community Capital ; CDFIs/MDIs being considered include: Unity National Bank, Unity Bank of Texas, PeopleFund, Houston Business Development Inc, etc.

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): ~$330M in additional loans per year to support ~30K MBEs

5. Fund SFI program – $120M: fund the Student Freedom Initiative’s Income Contingent Alternative to Parent Plus * to support ~1.2K Black STEM students per year forever at 7 HBCUs**

* Student Freedom Initiative serves as lead (main contact if you are interested in learning more and funding this initiative)

** Minority Serving Institutions / HBCUs with STEM programs being considered: Texas Southern University, University of Houston, Prairie View A&M University, Houston Baptist University, University of Houston-Clear Lake, University of Houston-Downtown, University of St Thomas.  

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): 5K+ additional college grads & ~600 workers with senior exec positions / high-paying wages to drive ~$0.2B in economic growth

6. Accelerate SCI’s digital access initiatives – up to $80M in donations or in-kind: invest in setting up internet connections / hotspots, offer laptops/Chromebooks and support adoption (through government subsidy technical assistance and digital literacy) to connect ~145K homes to high-speed internet in the Houston region*

7. Raise community awareness & adoption of Emergency Broadband Benefit: increase door-to-door and community outreach in low-income neighborhoods to get households onto EBB to help connect ~145K unconnected households 

* Community organization(s) being identified 

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): ~145K households connected to high-speed internet to unlock ~$3B in economic potential

Greater New Orleans, Louisiana

Lead community organization: Urban League of Louisiana

1. Scale Black Business Works Fund – $10M: grow the Urban League of Louisiana’s Black Business Works Fund to support ~3K-4K MBEs over 5 years with emergency working capital needs to support/sustain ~$1B+ in annual revenues

2. Scale technical assistance – $20M: fund the Urban League of Louisiana , New Orleans Business Alliance , Thrive New Orleans and Propellor to scale bookkeeping, B2C payment, marketing support & subsidized rent to scale 200+ MBEs from <$1M to $5M+ in annual revenue

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): 2.5x increase in MBE value & 8K+ new jobs, boosting Black community’s net worth by ~$2B+

3. Fund modernization & capacity-building and provide in-kind subject matter experts – $30M: help 4-5 CDFIs/MDIs* over 5 years modernize their core systems, hire and train staff, expand marketing and standup SWAT teams to conduct needs diagnostic, implement tech solution & provide technical assistance

* In partnership with National Bankers Association and Appalachian Community Capital ; CDFIs/MDIs being considered include: New Orleans Business Alliance (community convener), Liberty, TruFund, LiftFund, NewCorp, etc.

4. Subsidize internships & apprenticeships – $40M: fund the New Orleans Youth Alliance , YouthForce NOLA and the Urban League of Louisiana to place and help subsidize apprenticeships, internships and other work-based learning experiences for ~20K young adults in high-pay sectors (e.g., energy)

5. Fund SFI program – $12M: fund the Student Freedom Initiative’s Income Contingent Alternative to Parent Plus to support ~120 Black STEM students per year forever at 3 HBCUs*

* Minority Serving Institutions / HBCUs being considered: Dillard University, Southern University – New Orleans and Xavier University of Louisiana

6. Scale career prep – ~$10M: scale the New Orleans Youth Alliance and YouthForce NOLA with 15-20 coaches over 5 years to equip ~20K young adults with skills for high-paying industries, job search & prep and subsidized transportation

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): ~2K additional college graduates and ~20K workers with high-paying wages to drive ~$1B in economic growth

7. Accelerate SCI’s digital access initiatives – up to $35M in donations or in-kind: partner with New Orleans’s Office of Information Technology & Innovation and Education SuperHighway to invest in setting up internet connections / hotspots, offering laptops/Chromebook and supporting adoption (through government subsidy technical assistance and digital literacy) to connect ~55K homes to high-speed internet in Greater New Orleans region

8. Raise community awareness & adoption of Emergency Broadband Benefit: increase door-to-door and community outreach in low-income neighborhoods to get households onto EBB to help connect ~55K unconnected households

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): 55K households connected to high-speed internet to unlock ~$1B in economic potential

Charlotte, North Carolina

Lead community organization: Charlotte Regional Business Alliance

1. Offer in-kind FTEs: provide 2-5 in-kind FTEs to the Charlotte Regional Business Alliance (CRBA) over 5 years to convene corporate partners, assess their MBE spend, develop pipeline to increase MBE spend to 5-10%+

2. Offer technical assistance expertise: partner with the Charlotte Regional Business Alliance (CRBA) to advise/mentor ~200 MBEs on capital/loan access to help them scale from <$10M to $50M+

3. Commit to supplier diversity: increase MBE spend in Charlotte region to 5-10%+

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): 3x increase in MBE value & ~13K new jobs, boosting Black community’s net worth by ~$2B+

4. Fund modernization & capacity-building and provide in-kind subject matter experts – $30M : help 4-5 CDFIs/MDIs* over 5 years modernize their core systems, hire and train staff, expand marketing and standup SWAT team of experts to conduct needs diagnostic, implement tech solution & provide technical assistance; in-kind experts to also help build out the MBE ecosystem through CDFIs/MDIs, market CDFI/MDI offerings and programs and help draft final loan agreements to qualify borrowers between investment fund(s) and CDFIs/MDIs

* CDFIs/MDIs being considered (examples and not exhaustive): Security Federal Bank, Institute / North Carolina Community Development Initiative, Sequoyah Fund Inc, Self-Help Credit Union, BEFCOR, Aspire Community Capital, etc.

* In partnership with National Bankers Association and Appalachian Community Capital ; CDFIs/MDIs being considered include: Security Federal Bank, Institute / North Carolina Community Development Initiative, Sequoyah Fund Inc, etc.

5. Fund SFI program – up to $10M: fund the Student Freedom Initiative’s HELPS program to support ~1.5K+ students per year at HBCUs* with emergency expenses – e.g., unexpected health costs, late rent payments, etc.

* Minority Serving Institutions / HBCUs in Charlotte that are being considered: Johnson C. Smith University, Johnson & Wales University – Charlotte, Charlotte Christian College

6. Provide in-kind staff: offer 2-5 FTEs to the Charlotte Regional Business Alliance (CRBA) over 5 years to track Black-/Brown-executive representation, convene corporate partners to develop executive pipeline and hiring plans and support corporate partners to increase representation from ~10% to 30%+

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): 2.5K+ additional college graduates and 2.5K workers with high-paying wages to drive ~$0.2B in economic growth

7. Raise community awareness & adoption of Emergency Broadband Benefit: increase door-to-door and community outreach in low-income neighborhoods to get households onto EBB to help connect ~35K unconnected households

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): ~35K households get connected to high-speed internet to unlock ~$700M in economic potential for Charlotte

Birmingham, Alabama

Lead community organization: Prosper Birmingham

1. Fund startups and give access to investor network – $70M: grow the Prosper Health Tech Fund – powered by Gener8tor – and offer venture capital technical assistance to scale 50+ startups from <$1M to $5M+ in annual revenue; near-term priority is to secure $4M in venture investment by end of May 2022

2. Fund technical assistance – $25M: fund Prosper Birmingham , Magic City Match , and Birmingham Business Alliance to establish/expand business advisory programs, renovate and subsidize retail/office space for MBEs and scale coaches & support services (e.g., digital footprint, B2C platforms, accounting & bookkeeping, recruitment, etc.) to help 100+ MBEs scale from <$1M to $5M+ in annual revenue

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): 3x increase in annual MBE revenue & 8K+ new jobs, boosting Black community’s net worth by ~$2B+

3. Fund modernization & capacity-building and provide in-kind subject matter experts – $30M: help 4-5 CDFIs/MDIs* over 5 years modernize their core systems, hire and train staff, expand marketing and standup SWAT team of experts to conduct needs diagnostic, implement tech solution & provide technical assistance

* In partnership with National Bankers Association and Appalachian Community Capital ; CDFIs/MDIs being considered include: First Bancshares, Commonwealth National Bank, TruFund, Sabre Finance, Bronze Valley, etc.

4. Fund scholarships and hire coaches – ~$35M: scale Birmingham Promise fund to financially support 200-250 students per year over 4 years to increase college retention and graduation rates

5. Fund endowment – $2M: support 50 University of Alabama at Birmingham college students per year with housing to reduce their financial burden and increase college retention and graduation rates

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): 6.5K+ additional college graduates & 35K workers with high-paying wages to drive ~$1.2B in economic growth

6. Raise community awareness & adoption of Emergency Broadband Benefit: increase door-to-door and community outreach in low-income neighborhoods to get households onto EBB to help connect ~35K unconnected households

Estimated impact (of all initiatives): 48K households get connected to high-speed internet to unlock ~$700M in economic potential for Jefferson County

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What is Higher Education or Post-Secondary Education?

Posted: June 15, 2016 | Author: Southern Utah University | Read Time: 1 minutes

What is a community college? Community College is a two-year college that serves the residents of a local or regional area.

What is a university? A university is an institution of higher learning that offers both undergraduate and graduate programs.

What is an applied technology college? Applied Technology Colleges (ATC) are colleges that prepare technically skilled workers in specific occupations that generally do not require an associate or advanced degree.

Find the version of this article in Spanish here: ¿Qué es la Educación Superior?

This article was published more than 3 years ago and might contain outdated information or broken links. As a result, its accuracy cannot be guaranteed.

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• Higher Education

Post-Secondary Education: The Educational Beyond High School

Post-secondary education emerges as a transformative phase, beckoning individuals to explore a vast array of opportunities beyond the confines of high school. Understanding the intricacies of post-secondary education, delving into its varied applications, exploring concrete examples, and unraveling the terminologies associated with this educational realm can significantly empower individuals as they embark on this enriching journey.

Defining the Essence of Post-Secondary Education

It is also commonly referred to as tertiary or higher education and is a broad term encapsulating diverse learning experiences that follow the completion of secondary schooling. It signifies a pivotal shift from the generalized nature of high school education to a more specialized and in-depth exploration of academic and professional interests. This phase lays the foundation for advanced knowledge acquisition, skill development, and the pursuit of specialized qualifications that extend beyond the parameters of secondary education.

Examples Illuminating the Diversity of Post-Secondary Education:

1. universities and colleges.

The traditional pursuit of a bachelor’s degree remains one of the most prevalent paths in post-secondary education. Universities and colleges offer extensive programs spanning an array of disciplines, providing students with the opportunity to specialize in subjects aligned with their passions and career aspirations.

2. Community Colleges

Serving as accessible gateways to higher education, community colleges offer two-year associate degree programs. These programs often act as stepping stones for individuals intending to transition to a four-year university, providing a cost-effective and flexible alternative.

3. Vocational and Technical Schools

For those inclined towards hands-on learning and specific vocational training, vocational and technical schools present tailored programs in trades, technology, healthcare, and other specialized fields. These institutions prioritize practical skill development, preparing students for direct entry into the workforce.

4. Professional Certifications

Acknowledging the evolving landscape of professions, this education also includes avenues for acquiring professional certifications. These certifications validate expertise in specific areas, enhancing an individual’s employability and professional credibility.

5. Online Learning Platforms

The digital revolution has ushered in an era of flexibility and accessibility through online learning platforms. Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) and digital certifications provide learners worldwide with the opportunity to engage in post-secondary education without geographical constraints.

Applications:

1. career advancement.

One of the primary applications of this education lies in the realm of career advancement . Many professions demand specialized knowledge and skills that can be acquired through higher education, positioning individuals for advanced and fulfilling career opportunities.

2. Skill Development

Post-secondary education, whether through traditional degree programs or vocational training, places a strong emphasis on skill development. These acquired skills enhance an individual’s competitiveness in the dynamic job market, contributing to professional success.

3. Research and Innovation

Universities, as key players in post-secondary, contribute significantly to research and innovation. The pursuit of advanced degrees fosters an environment of inquiry, critical thinking, and discovery, resulting in advancements across diverse fields.

4. Personal Growth

Beyond the academic and professional realms, post-secondary education fosters personal growth. It encourages critical thinking, independence, and a broader understanding of the world, shaping individuals into well-rounded contributors to society.

Terminologies: Navigating the Lexicon of Higher Education:

• Undergraduate: Refers to students pursuing their first degree, typically a bachelor’s degree.

• Graduate: Encompasses students pursuing advanced degrees beyond the undergraduate level, such as master’s or doctoral degrees.
• Degree Programs: Structured courses of study leading to academic degrees. Common types include Associate, Bachelor’s, Master’s, and Doctorate.
• Semester/Quarter: Academic terms during which courses are offered, with varying lengths of duration.
• Major/Minor: The primary subject of study (major) and secondary area of focus (minor) within a degree program.
• Alumni: Individuals who have graduated from a particular institution, forming a network of former students.

The Decision-Making Process:

Embarking on the journey of post-secondary education necessitates thoughtful consideration of various factors:

• Career Goals: Identifying career paths aligned with personal interests and aspirations is crucial. Certain professions may require specific degrees or certifications.

• Learning Preferences: Considering the preferred learning environment—be it a traditional campus, online platform, or hands-on vocational training—helps match individual learning styles.
• Financial Planning: Evaluating the cost of education, potential financial aid options, and the return on investment in terms of future career opportunities aids in informed decision-making.
• Researching Institutions: Exploring institutions that offer programs aligned with career goals involves considerations such as faculty reputation, available resources, and industry connections.
• Personal Development: Reflecting on how post-secondary education can contribute not only to professional growth but also to personal development and fulfillment is paramount.

Post-secondary education unveils a dynamic and multifaceted landscape, offering diverse avenues for individuals to explore and excel. Whether pursuing a traditional degree, vocational training, or digital certifications, the journey beyond high school holds transformative potential. Informed decision-making, alignment with personal goals, and a commitment to lifelong learning are pivotal in navigating the intricate terrain of post-secondary education, ensuring a fulfilling and impactful educational journey.

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Postsecondary Education

What is a postsecondary education.

Postsecondary education, or tertiary education, refers to formal schooling received after high school, which is often called “secondary school”.

Common types of postsecondary education include:

• Adult or continuing education
• Four-year or bachelor’s degree programs
• Technical and vocational certificate programs
• Two-year or associate degree programs

What are the benefits of receiving a postsecondary education?

By receiving a postsecondary education, you can:

• Increase your confidence and sense of identity
• Increase your earning potential
• Make connections and build professional relationships
• Refine your communication and problem-solving skills
• Qualify for a secure career

How do I pay for a postsecondary education?

If you are not sure how to pay for college, you can fund your studies with merit or need-based financial aid. Merit aid can be awarded based on your academic performance, athletic participation, artistic ability, or chosen program of study. Need-based aid is offered based on income level and overall financial status. There are several varieties of merit and need-based aid, including grants, scholarships, student loans, and work-study programs. While grants, scholarships, and work-study will not require repayment, student loans will need to be repaid.

Postsecondary education at Goodwin University

At Goodwin University, our career-focused programs of study will prepare you for future success. We are dedicated to making your college education accessible and affordable. We offer a variety of merit and need-based financial aid options to help fund your Goodwin experience.

Learn more about Goodwin’s postsecondary programs today!

We’re ready when you are

• Enrollment is hassle-free, and it’s easy to get started .
• Financial aid is available , and we’re still accepting applications.
• You will find comprehensive support services that will get you through college and into a great career.
• We are veteran-friendly , and we understand and respect the needs of veteran students.
• If you want to transfer in credits , we can typically review your transcripts of prior learning in less than one business day.

Contact us today!

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What Is Post-Secondary Education?

In this post, we outline the most common post-secondary education options available after high school. 

But first things first: What exactly is post-secondary education?

Written by Tilting Futures

Your education is a journey to prepare you for the life you want to lead, and there are many possible paths to explore after graduating high school. Post secondary education opportunities can allow you to dive deeper into your interests and discover your true passions. Many post secondary education programs offer more hands on learning experiences that provide clarity about what you want to do with your life. 

Post Secondary Education: Meaning and Definition

As one might expect, post-secondary education comes after secondary education (also known as high school, which is the final phase of basic education). Post-secondary education is also known as third-level education , higher education , or tertiary education , and is an optional educational path for those who have completed their high-school or GED requirements. The goal of a post-secondary education program is to further train students in specialized skills, preparing them for more advanced career and life opportunities. 

Post-secondary education programs generally (but not always) culminate in a degree or other form of certification, verifying that the student has completed all associated requirements and is ready to graduate from the program. Post-high school education options that do not award degrees are usually called continuing education  and may include workshops, seminars, and other supplemental opportunities. That said, both of the terms “continuing education” and “post-secondary education” may also be used to describe any form of education available after secondary education.

Types of Post Secondary Options 

While for many, “post-secondary education” is synonymous with college , the truth is that high school graduates have a number of different options to choose from for structured learning after high school. Consider these different types of post-secondary education programs: 

Vocational Schools

Vocational schools (also called trade schools or technical schools ) offer specialized education designed to prepare students for specific lines of work. Compared to a college education, which is usually more academic-focused, vocational programs tend to be more hands-on, experience-oriented, and tailored toward practical career knowledge. Additionally, by eliminating many of the general education and liberal arts requirements found in colleges, vocational schools may offer a more direct route into the job market. This is the result of job-specific training opportunities and shorter completion times.

Vocational schools typically funnel students directly into careers in skilled trades. Examples of vocational courses include: healthcare and home caregiving, plumbing, electrical services, hairstyling, carpentry, computer network management, paralegal studies, massage therapy, and more. 

Community Colleges

Community colleges are shorter-duration alternatives to the traditional four-year university experience. Most community colleges allow students to earn an associate degree over the course of two years, focusing primarily on the general education classes required by accredited universities. They sometimes also offer non-degree certification and vocational training.

Most community colleges are open admission , meaning that the admission process is non-exclusive, and not dependent on any academic factors other than a high school diploma or equivalent certification. After earning their associate degree through the community college, students may either enter the job market with increased training and certification, or choose to transfer to a four-year college or university to pursue a specific major and earn a bachelor’s degree.

Colleges and Universities

Colleges and universities are generally what first come to mind when people think of post-secondary education. These higher-education institutes offer bachelor degree (four-year) programs. Additionally, students may choose to continue their education past the BA/BS level; colleges and universities tend to offer post-graduate programs, allowing dedicated individuals to earn master’s degrees or doctorates.

Completing a four-year college program may make some graduates more appealing to job interviewers, and there are a number of companies that won’t even consider applicants unless they have at least a bachelor degree. On the other hand, colleges and universities are usually the most-expensive post-secondary education options — averaging approximately $28,000 in tuition annually. However, many different scholarship and grant programs exist to help offset some of these costs; prospective students should research these possibilities while considering post-secondary options. 

Gap Year and Immersive Learning Programs

Many post-secondary students want to take the time to travel, see the world, and enjoy the freedom that comes from having completed their high school education. At the same time, many feel the desire to use this time to better themselves, learn valuable leadership skills, and give something back. For these students, immersive learning programs abroad may be the answer they’re looking for.

Gap years and travel abroad programs offer experiential learning, hands-on training, and real-life opportunities to help and connect with individuals around the world. Students often pursue these opportunities during a ‘gap year’ (either after high school and before college, or between college years). Many gap year programs combine education and service, and are designed to produce well-rounded, socially conscious individuals who are ready to excel in whatever careers or life paths they choose.

Considering a gap experience?

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Get the Most out of Your Post-Secondary Opportunities 

If you’re interested in pursuing a post-secondary education, you have a lot of different options to consider. 

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Education in Canada: Post-secondary

Table of contents, on this page.

• Universities
• Colleges and institutes
• Educational credential recognition
• Financial help

Registered Education Savings Plans

Part-time and distance education.

• Government ministries in charge of post-secondary education by province and territory

Types of post-secondary schools

In Canada, there are 3 different types of post-secondary schools

• universities

At most post-secondary schools, the school year is divided into 2 main terms and an optional summer term.

• Term 1: September to December
• Term 2: January to April
• Optional summer term: May to August

Each province and territory makes sure each school and its programs meet a certain set of standards. Schools aren’t officially recognized until they’re certified.

A recognized school can grant

• certificates
• other qualifications

If you’re not sure if a school is officially recognized, contact your ministry or department of post-secondary education.

The Canadian Information Centre for International Credentials (CICIC) also maintains a directory of recognized schools in Canada.

Study at a university

Universities offer programs on a wide range of topics at different levels of difficulty and complexity. When you successfully complete a university program, you’re awarded with a university degree that reflects the type of program you completed. There are 3 types of degrees.

• Bachelor’s degree : This is the simplest degree offered by Canadian universities. It typically takes 3 to 4 years to complete.
• Master’s degree : This is a more advanced degree that usually takes 1 to 3 extra years of study after you get a bachelor’s degree.
• Doctoral degree : This is the most advanced degree offered by Canadian universities. It can take another 3 to 4 more years of study and research following a master’s degree.

In regulated professions, students must complete an internship or pass a standardized test (or series of tests) after getting the degree. You can’t work in these professions until you get the degree and pass the tests. Regulated professions include

Get help choosing a program

Universitystudy.ca can help you plan for your education. Learn about

• universities in Canada
• programs of study
• how to choose a program
• application and admission requirements
• financial planning information

Study at a college or institute

There are many types of colleges and institutes recognized by provinces and territories, including

• community colleges
• colleges of applied arts or applied technology
• institutes of technology or science
• collèges d’enseignement général et professionnel (CEGEPs) in Quebec
• career colleges

More about “career colleges”

These institutions are privately owned and run. They offer programs that focus on specific careers like

• personal support workers
• early childcare assistants
• estheticians

While they’re reviewed and recognized by the provinces and territories, they’re not publically funded. They’re entirely funded through tuition fees.

Learn more about regulated career colleges.

Colleges and institutes usually offer shorter programs than universities (1 to 3 years). Instead of degrees, they issue diplomas and certificates that qualify graduates to do specific jobs in different industries.

These industries can include

• computer and mechanical technologies
• health care
• social services
• agriculture
• trades (such as carpentry, electrical or plumbing)

Many colleges are also starting to offer bachelor’s degrees and master’s degrees in certain industries.

Find out more about the available degrees .

Get your educational credentials recognized

To study at post-secondary school in Canada, you need to have your existing level of education assessed. The assessment verifies your foreign degree, diploma or certificate (or other proof of your credential) is valid and equal to a Canadian one.

Contact the post-secondary schools you are interested in to find out what kind of educational assessment they accept.

The costs of post-secondary education

All post-secondary schools charge tuition fees for their programs. For Canadian citizens and permanent residents, tuition fees are between $2,500 and $11,400 a year, depending on the school and program you’ve chosen. Tuition fees can be much higher for international students.

Students will also have to pay for

• course materials, like textbooks and supplies
• transportation
• other expenses

Many students depend on financial support programs to help them cover these costs.

Get financial help

The federal and provincial/territorial governments all have programs that provide low-cost loans, grants and scholarships for students.

There are 2 main types of financial help for students:

• Student loans from a bank or the federal government: These need to be repaid according to the terms of the loan.
• Grants, scholarships or bursaries, which you don’t have to repay.

You can get information from

• National Student Loans Service Centre
• The university or college you plan to attend

Student financial help by province and territory

• British Columbia
• New Brunswick
• Newfoundland and Labrador
• Northwest Territories
• Nova Scotia
• Prince Edward Island
• Saskatchewan

A  Registered Education Savings Plan (RESP) is a tax-free education savings account that lets parents, family members and friends save money for a child’s post-secondary education.

When you open an RESP account, the Government of Canada will help you save by adding money to your RESP through special programs. This encourages people to save more money for their child’s education.

These programs include

• Canada Education Savings Grants (for children aged 17 or younger)
• Canada Learning Bonds  (for children aged 15 or younger)

Find out how to open an RESP account

Many post-secondary schools offer part-time programs and distance education . These programs can help you get an education if you have limited time or can’t attend the school in person.

Contact schools directly to learn about their part-time study and distance education options.

Ministries of post-secondary education

• Alberta Innovation and Advanced Education
• British Columbia Ministry of Advanced Education
• Manitoba Advanced Education
• New Brunswick Ministry of Post-Secondary Education, Training and Labour
• Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Advanced Education, Skills and Labour
• Northwest Territories Ministry of Education, Culture and Employment
• Nova Scotia Department of Education
• Nunavut Department of Education
• Ontario Ministry of Advanced Education and Skills Development
• Prince Edward Island Department of Workforce and Advanced Learning
• Quebec – Ministère de l'Éducation et de l'Enseignement supérieur
• Saskatchewan—Ministry of Advanced Education
• Yukon Department of Education

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6. Secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education

On this page, aim and general objectives,  compulsory secondary education,  bachillerato, vocational training, dual vocational training, schools providing secondary education, educational policy.

The provision of secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education is regulated by Law 2/2006 on Education ( LOE ), amended by Law 3/2020 (LOMLOE)

In general terms, it comprises the following types of provision:

• compulsory secondary education (ESO);
• basic vocational training (also known as basic training cycles), which, together with primary education and ESO, make up the compulsory and free basic education of the education system;
• bachillerato;
• intermediate vocational training.

First stage of secondary education (ISCED 2) corresponds to the first three years of compulsory secondary education , from years 12 to 15. Access takes place after having completed primary education.

Second stage of secondary education (ISCED 3) corresponds to the 4th year of compulsory secondary education and bachillerato , and vocational upper secondary education (ISCED 3) comprises the training cycles of basic vocational training and intermediate vocational training .

Compulsory secondary education (ESO) is carried out on a regular basis until the age of sixteen. However, exceptionally, whenever the teaching team considers that this measure favours the acquisition of the competences established at this stage, students will have the right to remain in the ordinary system until they reach the age of 18 (during the year in which the school year ends).

Basic vocational training cycles correspond to a professional profile, so their curricula must comply with the requirements of the National System of Qualifications and Vocational Training .

They feature the following characteristics :

• ESO students who simultaneously fulfil certain age and academic requirements ( Article 41.1 of the LOE, as amended by the LOMLOE), may be proposed by the teaching team for incorporation into basic vocational training cycles .
• Completion of all the areas included in a basic level training cycle leads to the award of two diplomas: Graduate in Compulsory Secondary Education and Basic Technician in the corresponding speciality, the latter to favour the validation in the workplace of the professional competences acquired.
• Just like compulsory secondary education, it is provided free of cost ( Article 3.10 of the LOE, as amended by the LOMLOE)

Students who successfully complete compulsory education can access bachillerato studies, intermediate vocational training cycles and, by passing the corresponding exam, intermediate vocational training cycles in plastic arts and design and intermediate sports education .

Bachillerato and intermediate vocational training both constitute post-compulsory secondary education and enable students who hold the Lower Compulsory Secondary Education Certificate and wish to continue studying to choose between an academic and a vocational branch.

Bachillerato lasts two school years, generally between the ages of 16 to 18. Students may remain in these programmes under the ordinary system up to a maximum of 4 years.

Intermediate vocational training is organised into different training cycles, which are made up of vocational modules . Such cycles vary in length and include theoretical and practical contents corresponding to the different professional fields.

All the training cycles refer to the National Catalogue of Vocational Qualifications ( CNCP ) and their curricula adapt to the requirements of the National System of Qualifications and Vocational Training ( SNCyFP ).

On the other hand, there are specialised education programmes . These are language programmes , artistic vocational training programmes and intermediate sports vocational training programmes .

Compulsory education is aimed at guaranteeing the development of the key skills , to the acquisition of which primary education, basic training cycles and compulsory secondary education must contribute. The Spanish education system focuses on the abilities to implement the contents of each type of provision and educational stage in an integrated manner, in order to achieve the correct execution of activities and effective complex problem solving.

The purpose of compulsory secondary education is getting students to:

• acquire basic cultural elements, especially in its humanistic, artistic, scientific-technological and motivational aspects;
• develop and consolidate study and work habits, as well as healthy lifestyle habits;
• prepare them for further studies or access to the labour market;
• train to exercise their rights and duties in life as citizens.

As general objectives , this educational stage must contribute to the pupils' development of the abilities that will enable them to:

• assume their duties in a responsible way and know and exercise their rights respecting others, practise tolerance, cooperation and solidarity among people and groups, practise dialogue strengthening human rights as the values of a plural society, and prepare for the exercise of democratic citizenship;
• develop and consolidate discipline, study and individual and team work habits as a necessary condition for successfully  performing their learning tasks and as means of personal development;
• appreciate and respect gender difference and equality of rights and;
• reject stereotypes that can lead to discrimination between men and women;
• reinforce their emotional abilities in all areas of personality and in their relationships with others, reject violence, prejudices of any kind and sexist behaviour, and solve conflicts peacefully;
• develop basic skills regarding the use of information sources in order to acquire new knowledge critically;
• develop basic technological skills and move towards an ethical reflection on their functioning and use;
• conceive of scientific knowledge as comprehensive and structured into various disciplines, as well as to know and apply methods to identify problems in the different areas of knowledge and experience;
• develop an entrepreneurial spirit and self-confidence, participation, critical sense, personal initiative and an ability to develop learning techniques, plan, take decisions and take on responsibilities;
• understand and correctly produce complex texts and messages, both orally and written, in the Spanish language, and, if applicable, in the co-official language of their autonomous community, and take first steps towards an awareness, reading and study of literature;
• understand and express themselves in one or more foreign languages correctly;
• know, appreciate and respect the basic aspects of their own and others’ culture and history, as well as artistic and cultural heritage;
• know and accept how their own and others’ body work, respect differences, consolidate hygiene and health habits and include physical education and sport in order to enhance both their personal and social;
• know and value the human dimension of sexuality in all its diversity;
• critically assess social habits related to health, consumption, care, empathy and respect for living beings (especially animals) and the environment, contributing to their conservation and improvement;
• value artistic creation and understand the language of the different artistic forms, employing different means of expression and representation.

It is up to the autonomous communities to complete the definition of the general objectives of this educational stage.

The purpose of bachillerato studies is to:

• provide students with intellectual and humane education, as well as the knowledge, skills and attitudes through which they may develop social functions and actively participate in life with responsibility and aptitude;
• to enable the acquisition and achievement of the essential skills for a future training and professional life;
• enable access to higher education.
• exercise democratic citizenship from a global perspective, and acquire responsible civic awareness, inspired by the values of the Spanish Constitution and human rights, which promotes joint responsibility as to the creation of a fairer society;
• consolidate personal, affective-sexual and social maturity so that they may act in a respectful, responsible and autonomous manner and develop their critical spirit;
• foresee, identify and peacefully settle personal, family and social conflicts, as well as possible situations of violence;
• promote effective equality of rights and opportunities between men and women, analyse and critically assess existing inequalities, as well as the acknowledgement and teaching of the role of women in history and promote real equality and non-discrimination on the grounds of birth, sex, racial or ethnic origin, disability, age, illness, religion or beliefs, sexual orientation or gender identity or any other personal or social condition or circumstance;
• reinforce reading, study and discipline habits, as necessary conditions to succeed in learning and as a means of personal development;
• master the Spanish language, both orally and written, and, if applicable, the co-official language of their autonomous community;
• express themselves fluently and correctly in one or more foreign languages;
• use information and communication technologies reliably and responsibly;
• know and critically appraise the realities of the contemporary world, its historical background and the main factors influencing its evolution;
• participate in the development and improvement of the social environment in a caring way;
• have access to basic scientific and technological knowledge and master the basic abilities of the chosen type of studies;
• understand the basic elements and procedures of research and scientific;
• know and appreciate, on a critical basis, how science and technology have contributed to change life conditions, and consolidate sensitiveness and respect towards the environment;
• consolidate the entrepreneurial spirit with attitudes based on creativity, flexibility, initiative, teamwork, self-confidence and critical sense;
• develop artistic and literary sensitivity as well as aesthetic criteria as sources for training and cultural enrichment;
• use physical education and sport in order to increase personal and social development;
• consolidate habits of physical and sporting activities to promote physical and mental well-being, as well as for personal and social development;
• consolidate attitudes based on respect and prevention in the field of safe and healthy mobility;
• encourage a responsible and dedicated attitude in the fight against climate change and in the protection of sustainable development.

The purpose of vocational training, with respect to students, is to:

• prepare them for their activity in a professional field;
• enable them to adapt to the changes that may occur in their working lives;
• contribute to their personal development and to their exercise of a democratic and peaceful citizenship;
• allow for their progression in the education system, within the framework of lifelong learning.
• develop the skills specific to each vocational training qualification;
• understand the organisation and characteristics of the corresponding productive sector, as well as the mechanisms of incorporation into the labour market;
• be familiar with labour legislation and the rights and duties resulting from labour relations;
• learn by themselves and work in teams, as well as being trained in conflict prevention and peaceful conflict resolution in all areas of personal, family and social life, with special attention to the prevention of gender-based violence;
• promote effective equal opportunities for men and women, as well as for people with disabilities, in order to have access to training that allows for all types of professional options and the exercise of these options;
• work in safe and healthy conditions, as well as preventing possible risks derived from work;
• develop a motivating professional identity for future learning, and be able to adapt to the evolution of production processes and to social changes;
• develop innovation and entrepreneurship skills that favour their employability and professional development;
• progress in the education system;
• be aware of and prevent environmental risks;
• be prepared for digitalisation in their productive sector.

In addition to contributing to the aims and objectives set out in general terms for vocational training programmes, basic vocational training aims at enabling students to acquire the lifelong learning skills defined for compulsory secondary education.

In turn, intermediate vocational training meets the objectives of vocational training and aims at extending the skills of basic education, adapting them to a field or professional sector that allows students to achieve lifelong learning, progress in the education system and join the active life with responsibility and autonomy.

The Spanish Education System's Dual Vocational Training is the set of training actions and initiatives that, in joint responsibility with companies, are aimed at the professional qualification of people, harmonising the teaching and learning processes between educational institutions and workplaces.

The Government, after consulting the autonomous communities, is responsible for regulating the basic conditions and requirements that allow the development of dual vocational training within the scope of the education system by the education authorities . This regulation is contained in Title III of Royal Decree 1529/2012. This establishes the framework for the development of dual vocational training projects in the education system, with the co-participation of educational institutions and companies, when there is no contract for training and apprenticeship.

The objectives of dual vocational training are the following:

• increase the number of people who can obtain a post-compulsory secondary education qualification through vocational training;
• achieve greater motivation among students by reducing early school leaving;
• facilitate labour insertion as a result of increased contact with companies;
• increase the relationship and co-responsibility of the business community with the vocational training system;
• strengthen the relationship between vocational training teachers and companies in the sector and encourage knowledge transfer;
• obtain qualitative and quantitative data to enable decisions to be made about improving the quality of vocational training programmes.

One of the characteristics of this dual vocational, set out in Article 30.2 of Royal Decree 1529/2012, is that student training must include a minimum of 33% of the hours established in the corresponding degree with the participation of the company. This percentage may be increased depending on the characteristics of each vocational module and the participating company.

Secondary schools providing compulsory secondary education also teach bachillerato studies and, in most of the cases, vocational training (VT).

VT studies can also be pursued in vocational training institutions , integrated institutions or national reference institutions , which are specialised in the different productive sectors.

The primary objectives of the Spanish educational policy regarding secondary education focus on several aspects:

• children's rights among the guiding principles of the system;
• gender equality through co-education and the promotion of effective equality between women and men, the prevention of gender violence and respect for affective-sexual diversity;
• a cross-cutting approach aimed at ensuring that all students have guarantees of success in education through a dynamic of continuous improvement of educational institutions and a greater individualisation of learning;
• focus on sustainable development in line with the 2030 Agenda;
• the digital transformation taking place in all societies and which inevitably affects educational;
• promoting lifelong learning and teacher mobility;
• improving the quality of the educational offer in secondary education and vocational training;
• guaranteeing educational inclusion and quality education for all students;
• guaranteeing equal opportunities in the fulfilment of the right to education;
• encouraging participation in education;
• promoting professional development;
• promoting the learning of foreign languages.

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Post-secondary education can be provided by public and private institutions that are recognized by the government and have the authority to grant academic credentials by their provincial or territorial governments. See official Statistics Canada definition below:

Postsecondary education refers to those whose highest level of educational attainment is an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma (including ‘centres de formation professionnelle’); college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; university certificate or diploma below bachelor level; or a university degree (bachelor’s degree; university certificate or diploma above bachelor level; degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry; master’s degree; earned doctorate).  Statistics Canada Definition