the outsiders essay examples

The Outsiders - List of Essay Samples And Topic Ideas

The Outsiders is a novel by S.E. Hinton, published in 1967, which follows the experiences of teenage gang members in a mid-20th-century American town. Essays on “The Outsiders” might discuss themes of socio-economic disparity, identity, and social conflict as depicted in the novel. Additionally, discussions could explore the characters’ struggles, the impact of social environments, or the representation of youth and adolescence. The novel’s historical context, its critical reception, its adaptation into other media, or its place within the tradition of young adult literature could also be discussed. We have collected a large number of free essay examples about The Outsiders you can find at Papersowl. You can use our samples for inspiration to write your own essay, research paper, or just to explore a new topic for yourself.

The Outsiders: Ponyboy Curtis Character

The main character of The Outsiders is Ponyboy Curtis. He is 14 years old who lives with his two brothers, Sodapop Curtis and Darry Curtis. His parents sadly died before this book was written, and so he lives with his oldest brother, Darry, who is 20 years old and also Sodapop Curtis. Ponyboy has greenish-gray eyes and light brown hair. This could be shown by the following, "I have light-brown, almost-red hair and greenish-gray eyes (Hinton 1). One of the […]

Loyalty in “The Outsiders” by S.E. Hinton

This novel is about Loyalty because it shows the strong bond The Greasers have, unlike The Socs. The Outsiders was published in 1967 by Viking Press, Outsiders was S.E. Hinton's first novel. The competition between the "greasers" and the "socs" was based on events in her own high school, the Will Rogers High School in Tulsa, Oklahoma. When it was released, The Outsider's representation of troublemakers caused a debate. However, it was very popular among young adults, selling over four […]

Johnny Cade: the Gentle Heart in a Brutal World

In the labyrinth of youth literature, few novels capture the raw essence of adolescence as poignantly as S.E. Hinton's "The Outsiders." The story, set against the backdrop of socio-economic disparity and gang rivalry, takes readers on a rollercoaster of emotions, love, loss, and self-discovery. Among the many memorable characters that populate this narrative, Johnny Cade stands out as a symbol of vulnerability, strength, and the human instinct for survival. At first glance, Johnny might appear as just another member of […]

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Violence in the Outsiders

In 2015, Elizabeth Thornton surveyed people to figure out how often people misjudge others based on appearances. Thornton’s survey shows that seventy-five percent of people will misjudge one other person per month. In S.E. Hinton’s The Outsiders, greasers are being misjudged by Socials constantly. Many Socials are considered snobbish and unkind. First, Cherry Valance, a Soc, gains the trust of the greasers and ignores the standards set in her social class. To continue, Ponyboy Curtis thinks Randy Adderson is like […]

Book Review “The Outsiders” by S.E. Hinton

The Outsiders by S.E. Hinton is often regarded as one of the classics of American literature. The basic plot revolves around Ponyboy Curtis who is a member of a gang of greasers. In the beginning of the book, Ponyboy is leaving a movie theater when he is jumped by ""Socs,"" the greasers' rival gang. Two other members of the greaser gang, Darry and Sodapop, come to his rescue. The next night, Ponyboy and two of his greaser friends, Dally and […]

Ponyboy Curtis: a Lens into Adolescent Struggles and Societal Divisions

Literary characters often serve as windows into specific periods, cultures, and human experiences. Few figures in young adult literature have been as influential in this regard as Ponyboy Curtis from S.E. Hinton's iconic novel, "The Outsiders." As the novel's protagonist and narrator, Ponyboy offers readers an intimate look into the turbulent emotions of adolescence, the impact of socio-economic divisions, and the complexities of brotherhood and belonging. Ponyboy Curtis, a member of the "Greasers," a group of working-class teenagers in the […]

The Outsiders Hero

A hero is not just someone like superman, but it can be a ordinary person that is the underdog but then comes out on top. In the book the Outsiders by S.E. Hinton discusses a story about rescue and gangs. It takes place in a time not much different than ours where it is about class and the pursuit of power. Ponyboy and his two brothers were poor and downtrodden. They were involved with the greasers because of their greasy […]

Critical Overview S. E. Hinton’s “The Outsiders”

S. E. Hinton was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma in the year of 1948. As a kid, she was timid. She kept quiet and to herself. After high school, her father was diagnosed with a brain tumor. She poured her heart and soul into writing to cope with the tragic turn of events. At only 15 years old, she began writing her novel, The Outsiders, due to the lack of literature for teenagers in her generation. Hinton was tired of reading […]

Does Ponyboy Die: Exploring Grief and its Impact

Introduction The book Outsiders is a story of grief. For most of the book, someone is grieving someone, but the biggest example of grief is Ponyboy absolutely shutting down because of Johnny’s and Dally’s deaths. He refused to eat and denied that they had ever died. He did poorly on his schoolwork and seemed empty. He forgot things, like his shoes. He was an absolute mess. Ponyboy's Journey through Grief Ponyboy likely went through the five stages of grief. The […]

The Outsiders: a Tale of Adolescence and Social Divides

It isn't often that a work of literature manages to capture the raw emotions and complexities of youth, especially when that narrative takes place against the backdrop of societal rifts. S.E. Hinton's "The Outsiders," penned when she was only a teenager herself, skillfully accomplishes this feat, providing readers with an introspective look into the trials of adolescence while simultaneously exploring the societal divisions of class and upbringing. Set in the 1960s in Tulsa, Oklahoma, "The Outsiders" introduces us to a […]

Tragedy and Loss in S.E. Hinton’s ‘The Outsiders’

S.E. Hinton's novel "The Outsiders," a seminal work in young adult literature, explores the tumultuous lives of teenage gang members in the 1960s. A critical aspect of the narrative is the element of tragedy, particularly the deaths of key characters that profoundly impact the story and its themes. This essay delves into the character deaths in "The Outsiders," examining their significance in the novel's exploration of themes such as class conflict, coming of age, and the loss of innocence. The […]

Ponyboy Curtis: a Journey from Innocence to Understanding in “The Outsiders”

S.E. Hinton's seminal novel, "The Outsiders," published when she was only eighteen, captured the zeitgeist of teenage angst, class disparity, and the search for identity in the 1960s. Centered on a band of tight-knit 'greasers' in a world where socio-economic divisions lead to inevitable confrontations, the novel tells a universal tale of young people on the brink of adulthood. One character stands out in this narrative tapestry – Ponyboy Curtis, whose evolving perspective shapes the story's core. Ponyboy is not […]

Soda Pop Curtis: the Heart of “The Outsiders”

When delving into the tapestry of young adult literature, S.E. Hinton's novel "The Outsiders" stands as a monumental representation of teenage angst, societal division, and the quest for identity. Published when Hinton was just a teenager herself, the book has resonated with multiple generations, making it a staple in classrooms and personal libraries alike. Among the vivid characters that populate this narrative is Sodapop Curtis, a figure that, while not the protagonist, plays a crucial role in illustrating the novel's […]

Two-Bit in ‘The Outsiders’: more than Just Wit and Wisecracks

Within the dynamic tapestry of characters in S.E. Hinton's iconic novel, "The Outsiders," Keith "Two-Bit" Mathews stands out not just for his ever-present switchblade or his penchant for shoplifting small items but also for his distinctive role as the wisecracker of the group. On the surface, Two-Bit appears to be the gang's source of comic relief, often lightening tense situations with his humor. However, delving deeper into his character reveals layers of complexity that underscore the novel's exploration of socio-economic […]

Dally: the Complex Rebel in “The Outsiders”

When considering S.E. Hinton's novel "The Outsiders," Dallas "Dally" Winston stands out as one of the most enigmatic and intricate characters. Set against the turbulent backdrop of gang warfare between the Socs and the Greasers in 1960s Oklahoma, Dally emerges as a representative of raw, unabashed defiance. However, peeling back the layers, one realizes that Dally is more than just a stereotypical juvenile delinquent; he embodies the tragic repercussions of a society that marginalizes its youth. From his very introduction […]

Johnny Cade: the Silent Strength in “The Outsiders”

In the realm of literary characters, some stand out not for their audacity or grandeur, but for their quiet resilience and depth. Johnny Cade from S.E. Hinton's "The Outsiders" is one such character. At first glance, Johnny may appear as a mere sidekick in the turbulent world of Greasers and Socs. Yet, as the story unfolds, he emerges as a powerful symbol of vulnerability, courage, and the profound impact of society on young souls. Johnny's life, marked by domestic violence […]

“The Outsiders” Movie Review: a Gritty Ode to Brotherhood and Resilience: Delving into the Timeless Allure of a 60s Classic

Yo, movie fanatics! Ever wondered what it'd be like to grow up in a world divided by cliques, where leather jackets meet polo shirts? I'm talking about the classic flick, "The Outsiders". And man, if you've ever felt out of place or craved the tight-knit bond of brotherhood, this one's for you! Setting the Stage: That 60's Vibe Alright, first off, picture this: 1960s, small-town America. You've got your greasers, leather-clad, slick-haired fellas, and those snooty Socs (short for Socials) […]

How did Ponyboy Change in the Outsiders: Transformative Changes

Introduction Have you or your friend ever had a near-death experience? Did that change you? In The Outsiders, a novel written by S.E Hinton, Ponyboy Curtis did, and this is how. His parents died in a car accident just before The Outsider's story takes place. He lives with his oldest brother, Darry, who is 20 years old, and has custody of him and his other brother, Sodapop, who is 16. The Catalyst: A Near-Death Experience and Loss Ponyboy is smart, […]

S.E. Hinton: the Teen who Wrote “The Outsiders”

"The Outsiders," a book that's become a big deal in American lit, was written by S.E. Hinton when she was just a teen herself. Born Susan Eloise Hinton on July 22, 1948, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, she nailed the teenage experience with guts and heart. Her story hit home for young readers, diving deep into the rollercoaster of growing up. Hinton started writing "The Outsiders" at 15 because she felt teen books at the time weren't cutting it. They either sugarcoated […]

Understanding the Genre of ‘The Outsiders

S.E. Hinton's novel "The Outsiders," published in 1967, occupies a distinctive place in young adult literature, captivating readers with its raw portrayal of teenage struggles and societal divisions. Exploring its genre reveals a complex blend of elements that defy easy categorization. At its core, "The Outsiders" can be considered a coming-of-age novel. It follows Ponyboy Curtis, a 14-year-old boy from the wrong side of the tracks, as he navigates conflicts with rival gangs and wrestles with his own identity. The […]

The Shadows of Loss in “The Outsiders”

S.E. Hinton's literary masterpiece "The Outsiders," an influential work in the realm of young adult fiction, intricately depicts the turmoil and sorrow of adolescence amidst the backdrop of gang rivalry. Situated in the 1960s, the narrative delves into a vivid exploration of camaraderie, grief, and the stark societal divisions fueled by class disparities and violence. At the heart of the novel's emotional complexity lie the characters whose lives are tragically cut short, each demise leaving an enduring impact on the […]

Class Conflict in “The Outsiders”: Greasers Vs. Socs

In the seminal literary work "The Outsiders" penned by S.E. Hinton, the animosity between the Greasers and the Socs stands as a poignant portrayal of the socioeconomic schism that afflicts society. This treatise delves into the divergent existences of these two factions, probing into how their disparities in societal and fiscal stature instigate a cycle of bias and aggression. Through the prism of Hinton's characters, we are granted an insight into the intricate dynamics of class discord and the quest […]

Ponyboy’s Journey: Understanding the Outsiders

In S.E. Hinton's classic novel "The Outsiders," Ponyboy Curtis emerges as a central figure, navigating the turbulent waters of adolescence amidst societal divides and personal turmoil. Set against the backdrop of 1960s Oklahoma, Ponyboy's narrative transcends mere teenage angst, delving deep into themes of identity, belonging, and the complexities of human connection. At the heart of Ponyboy's character lies a profound sense of yearning – a desire to break free from the confines of his social status and forge his […]

The Setting of the Outsiders: a Mirror to Society

S.E. Hinton's novel "The Outsiders," a cornerstone of young adult literature, is not just a story about teenage angst and the struggles between rival gangs; it's also a profound exploration of socio-economic divides, framed within a specific yet universal setting. The narrative unfolds in the mid-1960s in a town that, while never named, is closely modeled after Tulsa, Oklahoma, Hinton's hometown. This choice of location is far from arbitrary; it provides a canvas that reflects the broader themes of division, […]

The Outsiders: a Landmark Publication in Teenage Literature

"The Outsiders," authored by S.E. Hinton, emerged as a revolutionary tome upon its debut in 1967, forever altering the panorama of adolescent literature. Hinton, a mere 18 years of age upon its publication, adeptly captured the tumultuous ethos of teenage tumult and societal fragmentation through the lens of Ponyboy Curtis, a youthful protagonist grappling with socioeconomic disparities and the pursuit of self-identity within a fractured social milieu. This narrative not only provided an unadulterated portrayal of adolescent lives but also […]

Darry Curtis: the Reluctant Guardian in “The Outsiders”

In S.E. Hinton's novel "The Outsiders," Darrel "Darry" Curtis stands as a complex character whose responsibilities and personal sacrifices offer a poignant look into the dynamics of family, societal expectations, and personal growth amidst adversity. As the eldest of the Curtis brothers, Darry assumes the role of caretaker and guardian for his younger siblings, Ponyboy and Sodapop, after the tragic death of their parents. This forced transition from brother to parental figure is at the heart of Darry's character development, […]

Fragments of Loss: the Outsiders’ Tragic Thread

In the tapestry of "The Outsiders" by S.E. Hinton, death weaves its somber threads, leaving an indelible mark on the lives of its characters. Set against the backdrop of a gritty 1960s America, the novel chronicles the trials and tribulations of Ponyboy Curtis and his band of Greasers as they navigate the tumultuous waters of adolescence amidst societal divides. Amidst the turmoil, death emerges as an ever-present specter, casting its shadow over the fragile existence of these young souls. Among […]

Turbulent Bonds: Dally’s Defiance in the Outsiders

In the vividly painted backdrop of S.E. Hinton's "The Outsiders," Dallas Winston emerges as a figure both feared and revered, a tempest of defiance in the midst of societal storms. Known simply as "Dally," his presence is felt like a thunderclap in the tight-knit community of Tulsa, Oklahoma. Dally embodies the archetype of the street-hardened greaser, his persona a blend of defiance and desperation, etched by the unforgiving streets he prowls. From his first appearance, Dally commands attention with a […]

Breaking Stereotypes in “The Outsiders”

In S.E. Hinton's novel "The Outsiders", characters are often defined by the stark contrasts between the affluent Socs and the underprivileged Greasers. However, Randy Adderson, a seemingly typical Soc, stands out as a character who defies the straightforward dichotomy that defines his peers. Randy's journey throughout the novel offers a nuanced exploration of growth, empathy, and the realization that societal boundaries are more permeable than they appear. This essay delves into Randy's character, shedding light on his significance in the […]

Johnny Cade: the Heart of “The Outsiders”

In S.E. Hinton's seminal novel, "The Outsiders," Johnny Cade emerges as a character whose journey embodies the tumultuous path of adolescence, marked by the struggles of class conflict, the search for identity, and the yearning for a place to belong. Through Johnny's eyes, readers are invited into the raw, often harsh realities of life on the outskirts of society, where loyalty and friendship serve as the only reliable anchors in a sea of uncertainty. This essay aims to unravel the […]

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The Outsiders

By s. e. hinton, the outsiders essay questions.

Compare the characters of Bob and Dally.

On the surface, Bob and Dally couldn't be more different. However, the two boys are linked together by the phrase, "Next time you want a broad, pick up your own kind." Right before the Socs attack Ponyboy and Johnny, in the fight that results in Johnny killing Bob, Bob states the reasoning for the attack. He wants the Greasers to know their place in society, and to stay away from Soc girls. Later, in Chapter 6, Dally echoes Bob's words when he explains that Cherry is acting as a spy for the Greasers, adding: "Man, next time I want a broad I'll pick up my own kind." Ponyboy remembers Bob saying this not even a week before. Both boys are victims of the violence between the Socs and the Greasers, and die before the story is over. They both have violent tendencies, look for fights, and end up losing their lives because of it; more important, both draw ideological lines in the sand.

Discuss the relationship between Johnny and Dally.

Johnny feels hero-worship toward Dally, and thinks of him as the most gallant of all the gang. Dally wants to protect Johnny and keep him from turning out the way he himself has. As they drive back to the church in Chapter 5, he explains, "You get hardened in jail. I don't want that to happen to you. Like it happened to me..." After Johnny dies, Dally reacts with uncharacteristic emotion. Ponyboy realizes that "Johnny was the only thing Dally loved. And now Johnny was gone."

Discuss the relationship between Ponyboy and Darry, and how it changes over the course of the novel.

At the beginning of the novel, Ponyboy resents Darry for being too strict and always bothering him for not using his head. He recognizes the sacrifices that Darry has made to raise his two little brothers, but still thinks Darry just doesn't care for him at all.

But in Chapter 5, when Soda and Darry come to the hospital, Ponyboy has a revelation. He sees his oldest brother cry for the first time in years - he didn't even cry at their parents' funeral - and realizes that "Darry did care about me, maybe as much as he cared about Soda, and because he cared he was trying too hard to make something of me." He understands that Darry is terrified of losing another person he loves, and wonders "how I could ever have thought him hard and unfeeling."

In Chapter 10, when Ponyboy wakes up momentarily, he asks Soda if Darry is sorry he's sick. He also worries throughout the chapter that maybe he didn't ask for Darry while he was delirious, but Soda finally confirms that he did. This concern for Darry's feelings is a huge change from the way Ponyboy regarded his oldest brother in the beginning of the novel. Now he is worried that, because deep down he feels he can relate better to Soda, he might have left Darry out in his unconscious babbling.

How do Ponyboy's feelings toward Randy reflect the conflict between the Socs and the Greasers?

At first, Ponyboy sees Randy as a violent Soc to be avoided; he is Marcia's boyfriend, and is involved in jumping the Greasers. But in Chapter 7, they have a conversation in Randy's car, and Randy explains why he is leaving town instead of attending the rumble. He says, "You can't win, even if you whip us. You'll still be where you were before - at the bottom. And we'll still be the lucky ones with all the breaks. So it doesn't do any good, the fighting and the killing. It doesn't prove a thing. We'll forget it if you win, or if you don't. Greasers will still be greasers and Socs will still be Socs." Ponyboy begins to see Randy as someone who can appreciate sunsets, and feels a connection to him regardless of their different social statuses.

However, in Chapter 11 when Randy comes to visit Ponyboy at home, Ponyboy's denial about Johnny's death and the events leading up to it cause a rift between the two boys again. Ponyboy decides, "He was just like all the rest of the Socs. Cold-blooded and mean."

What do Johnny's last words mean?

Johnny's last words echo in Chapter 12 when Ponyboy breaks a bottle to defend himself against the Socs. Two-Bit says, "Ponyboy, listen, don't get tough. You're not like the rest of us and don't try to be..." Ponyboy is confused by what Two-Bit means, since he felt nothing when the Socs approached him. But he proves that he is still "gold" by bending down to pick up the pieces of broken glass from the ground without even thinking about it.

How does Gone with the Wind represent an ideal for Johnny?

Johnny puts his last note to Ponyboy inside his copy of Gone with the Wind . The gallantry of the Southern gentlemen in the book, who rode to their certain deaths bravely, inspires Johnny and reminds him of Dally. This allows Ponyboy to see Dally in that light, too, and to consider that his death might have been gallant. Johnny dies as a result of rescuing children from the fire in the church, so in that way he lives up to the ideal in Gone with the Wind .

What is the difference between Ponyboy the narrator and Ponyboy the character?

It is always clear that Ponyboy is narrating The Outsiders from a point in the future, after the events of the story have taken place. However, this rift between narrator and character becomes definite in Chapter 11, when Ponyboy's pretending makes him an unreliable narrator for the first time in the story. When Randy comes to visit, Ponyboy says that he was the one who killed Bob, and that Johnny is not dead. He repeats it aloud to convince himself of it. But as narrator, he says, "Johnny didn't have anything to do with Bob's getting killed." The reader has depended upon Ponyboy's narration to dictate the events of the story, and now the frame of reference is thrown off, since we know he has moved into an alternate reality.

Discuss Ponyboy's "dreaming", particularly in regard to Johnny's death.

Ponyboy's reaction to Johnny's death has been foreshadowed by Ponyboy's tendency to create alternate realities for himself throughout the story, but the difference is that "this time my dreaming worked. I convinced myself that he wasn't dead." Throughout the story, Ponyboy creates these alternate realities in order to cope with situations he feels are unbearable. For instance, in Chapter 3 he dreams of a life in the country, with his parents still alive and Darry kind and caring again. What is important to note is that he concedes that his dreams are only dreams, and that he admits to use them as a mode of escape.

Describe how eyes are used as a characterization technique.

Ponyboy's view of other characters is often reflected by his interpretation of their eyes. For example, he says that "Darry's eyes are his own. He's got eyes that are like two pieces of pale blue-green ice. They've got a determined set to them, like the rest of him... he would be real handsome if his eyes weren't so cold." Darry's eyes reflect Ponyboy's view of his oldest brother as "hardly human." In contrast, Sodapop's eyes are "dark brown - lively, dancing, recklessly laughing eyes that can be gentle and sympathetic one moment and blazing with anger the next." Johnny is defined by his emotive eyes; the difference between his mother and him is clear to Ponyboy because of their eyes: "Johnnycake's eyes were fearful and sensitive; hers were cheap and hard."

In what way is The Outsiders a call to action?

The Outsiders ends with its own opening sentence, as Ponyboy begins to write his assignment for English class, and it becomes clear that the story the reader has just finished is the assignment itself. It is inspired by Johnny's letter to Ponyboy, in which he explains what he meant by his last words: "Stay gold." There is no reason for lives to be cut short because of senseless violence between the Greasers and the Socs. Ponyboy feels called to action by Johnny's note, and wants to save the lives of other hoods who might end up like Dally. In Chapter 12, this goal is underlined:

"There should be some help, someone should tell them before it was too late. Someone should tell their side of the story, and maybe people would understand then and wouldn't be so quick to judge a boy by the amount of hair oil he wore."

The Outsiders Questions and Answers

The Question and Answer section for The Outsiders is a great resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss the novel.

on what page does cherry has an emotional connection

Cherry no longer looked sick, only sad. "I'll bet you think the Socs have it made. The rich kids, the West-side Socs. I'll tell you something, Ponyboy, and it may come as a surprise. We have troubles you've never even heard of. You want to know...

Chapter 7 through 9 questions

A) Soda and Sandy’s relationship is over because Sandy got pregnant and went to live with her grandmother in Florida.

"Look," Steve said, surprisingly angry, "does he have to draw you a picture? It was either that or get married, and her parents...

why do you think johhny wasn't scared, depsite the obvious danger?

Johnny is a sensitive boy. He cares for others, especially those that are helpless like the children. This is perhaps because he has felt so helpless in his own childhood. It is also probable their cigarettes started the fire.

Study Guide for The Outsiders

The Outsiders study guide contains a biography of author S. E. Hinton, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis.

• About The Outsiders
• The Outsiders Summary
• The Outsiders Video
• Character List

Essays for The Outsiders

The Outsiders essays are academic essays for citation. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of The Outsiders written by S. E. Hinton.

• Analysis of the American Reality, Possibility, and Dream found in "Nickel and Dimed" and "The Outsiders"
• Stay Gold, Ponyboy: Historical Models of Childhood in S.E. Hinton’s The Outsiders
• The Socioeconomic Triggers of Juvenile Delinquency: Analysis of "The Outsiders"
• Greater Meanings in The Outsiders: A Theater, a Sunset, and a Novel

Lesson Plan for The Outsiders

• About the Author
• Study Objectives
• Common Core Standards
• Introduction to The Outsiders
• Relationship to Other Books
• Bringing in Technology
• Notes to the Teacher
• Related Links
• The Outsiders Bibliography

Wikipedia Entries for The Outsiders

• Introduction

The Outsiders

73 pages • 2 hours read

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.

Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapters 1-3

Chapters 4-5

Chapters 6-8

Chapters 9-10

Chapters 11-12

Character Analysis

Symbols & Motifs

Important Quotes

Essay Topics

Discussion Questions

What is the significance of the novel’s title? Are there any true outsiders in this book?

Johnny’s last words to Pony are a reference to the Frost poem he heard Pony recite in the church. Do you agree with Johnny’s interpretation of the text? How does this poem help readers understand various characters?

Ponyboy likes watching movies and reading books to escape his reality, but they often mirror it instead. How does the various literature in the novel help him understand parts of his own life?

Related Titles

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Coming-of-Age Journeys

Loyalty & Betrayal

Teams & Gangs

Themes and Analysis

The outsiders, by s. e. hinton.

Throughout 'The Outsiders,' Hinton engages with very important themes, showcases some interesting symbols, and uses great examples of figurative language.

Article written by Ugo Juliet

Former Lecturer. Author of multiple books. Degree from University Of Nigeria, Nsukka.

There are many themes that can be found in the novel ‘ The Outsiders ‘. However, we are going to explore only empathy, divided communities, preserving childhood innocence, self-sacrifice and honour, and individual identity.

The Outsiders Themes

Divided communities.

Divided communities are a major theme of the novel as the story revolves around two major conflicts, which are- the conflict between the Socs and greasers and the conflict between Ponyboy and his brother Darry in the Curtis family.

In the conflict between the teenagers and their gangs, the novel shows how the two groups focus on their frivolous differences  – they dress differently, socialize differently, and hang out with different girls, and how all this leads to hate and violence. However, the story also shows how the two groups depend on their conflict for their continual existence. For example, the greasers live by a motto to “stick together” against the Socs. This means that without the conflict, the individual members of the two gangs might go their own way.

The other divided community in the story can be found in Ponyboy’s immediate family. The conflict between Darry and Ponyboy is aggravated by misunderstandings, just like that of Socs and Greasers. Just like the two gangs are unable to see past their superficial differences to their deeper similarities, Darry and Ponyboy’s limited views make them misunderstand each other’s actions. Ponyboy sees his brother’s desperate attempt to deliver him from the poverty and strife of their neighbourhood as antagonism, while Darry sees Ponyboy’s quest to escape his conflict-ridden existence as irresponsibility and lack of consideration.

The ability to see things through other people’s perspectives (empathy) is predominant in the resolution of both conflicts in ‘ The Outsiders ‘. The two gangs are engrossed with the appearance and class status of their rivals which underscores the superficiality of their mutual hostility. Cherry tried to draw empathy from Ponyboy at the drive-in when she insisted that “things are rough all over” and encouraged Ponyboy to see Socs as individuals. Randy added more strength to the argument when he told Ponyboy about Bob’s troubled life, making him have compassion for Socs as an individual. Sodapop helps Ponyboy recognize that Darry’s high expectations for him are a result of love.

Preserving Childhood Innocence

The book reveals the importance of preserving hope, open-mindedness, and appreciation of beauty that are typical of childhood. Ponyboy has traits that distinguish him from others in the gang, for instance, his love of sunrises and sunsets, his daydreams about the country, and his rescue of the children from the burning church. These traits show that Ponyboy, unlike the other boys, still has preserved some of his childhood innocence and allows him to see beyond the superficial hatred between the Socs and greasers.

Dally’s rough childhood made him tough and fearsome, and he seems not to care about anything though he has a soft spot for Johnny. Johnny represents the hope that Dally has lost, and Dally strives to protect Johnny from the forces that threaten to pull him into the cycle of violence that has enveloped Dally. Johnny’s dying words touch on this theme by referencing the Robert Frost poem “Nothing Gold Can Stay.”

The poem’s message that all beautiful things fade as time passes forces the two boys to realize that they can’t hide from the realities of growing up. ‘Stay gold’, Johnny’s dying words for Ponyboy and the greasers, is also a call for them to preserve the optimism, innocence, and hope of childhood no matter what they see in the world.

Self-sacrifice and Honour

Despite the greasers’ reputation as heartless young criminals, they live by a specific and honourable code of friendship, and there are many instances in which gang and family members make selfless choices. As an example, Darry relinquished a college scholarship so he can work a full-time manual labour job to support his younger brothers. Dally, who seems apathetic, shows great loyalty to and compassion for his friends and for strangers in need. He helps Johnny and Ponyboy run away to Windrixville after Bob’s stabbing and plays a major role in the rescue of kids from the church fire. 

Individual Identity

Ponyboy, the protagonist, is a committed member of the greasers though he knows that some of his personality traits make him different from others. The greasers provide him with too great of a sense of strength and safety, and he doesn’t want to consider life outside of it. But he thought deeply about this life and what he wants to do after Bob’s death.

Again, his conversations with Johnny, Cherry, and Randy make him reflect on the road his life is taking. He begins to question the reasons for the constant fights between Socs and greasers, and he thinks hard before joining his gang to participate in the rumble. His willingness to strike friendships with the Socs indicates the development of a distinct personal identity.

Bridging social classes

‘ The Outsiders ‘ tells the story of the tension between two rival gangs, the working-class greasers and the upper-class Socs. It finally showed that the two groups have more in common in spite of the inequalities between them. The focus of the novel is on social class issues, exemplified by confrontations between the lower-class greasers and the upper-class Socs.

Ponyboy didn’t have to do anything to provoke the Socs into ganging upon him. It’s not a personal or unusual attack as the Socs regularly beat up greasers, and the greasers retaliate. Ponyboy is astonished to find out that he shares similar ideas with Cherry. This shows readers that the Socs are not all the same, and also, there is a common bond across the social classes. The preexisting tensions between the gangs cause the Socs to want to punish Johnny and Ponyboy for associating with the Soc girls. Bob tries to force Ponyboy’s head underwater at the fountain, and Johnny stabs Bob.

Analysis of key moments in The Outsiders

• One of the key moments of ‘ The Outsiders ‘ is the church fire. An abandoned church catches fire when Johnny and Ponyboy are out. On their way back, they saw the fire and together with Dally, they saved the kids that were in the scorching church. They all sustained injuries there, which later led to Johnny’s death.
• Another key moment is when Dally dies. Dallas Winston died by robbing a convenience store after being all worked up about Johnny’s death and running from the police. Dally pulls out an unloaded gun and points it to the police, and the police shoot him, and he dies.
• Another one is when Bob dies. When Johnny Cade stabs Bob, they went to Dally Winston for advice on what to do to avoid being caught by the government or Socs. Dally gives Ponyboy and Johnny some dry clothes, a gun, and fifty dollars. Dally also told them about an abandoned church on the hill in Windrixville where they can go and hide. He also promised to check up on them later.
• The fight. The greasers and Socs take it out on each other and fight at a rumble, in a lot. There are two rules during a rumble: whoever leaves first loses and you cannot use any type of weapon or “prop”. A Soc throws Pony to the ground, and Darry immediately says, “Pony, you all right?” The Socs left the rumble first, so the greasers one.
• Johnny dies. Johnny Cade got some serious injuries after rescuing some kids from a church fire. He was rushed to the hospital, where his friends kept visiting him. After the rumble, Dally and Ponyboy go to the hospital to visit Johnny, as usual. Johnny was dying and said to Ponyboy as quoted , “Stay gold Ponyboy, stay gold.” Johnny died right after he told Ponyboy to stay gold.
• Johnny Cade and Ponyboy Curtis, greasers, get jumped by five Socs at a park. Bob, a Soc, tries to drown Ponyboy in the fountain at the park. Johnny gets tackled by a Soc and flips out his switchblade, and stabs Bob with the blade.
• The Greasers go to the drive-in, meeting a cheerleader that is a Soc. Johnny, Ponyboy, and Dally sit in plastic chairs at the drive-in. These two Socs girls, Cherry and Marcia, sit in front of the greasers and watch the movie. Dally disturbs the redhead cheerleader until she gets distracted from the movie and mad. Cherry turns around and yells at Dally to remove his feet from her chair.
• Ponyboy Curtis Gets jumped. This was the first main event in the novel. Ponyboy Curtis, a greaser, gets jumped by some Socs on his way back from a movie. But his friends and brothers come to save him by fighting the Socs. 

Style, Tone, and Figurative Language in The Outsiders

Throughout the book, you will notice that S. E. Hinton is a character writer instead of an idea writer. The author also uses a variety of literary devices in the novel. That’s why the opening of the book is a very detailed introduction to each character such that by the end of the book, the reader knows each character in more detail. Again, the characters’ names are particularly descriptive. For example, Ponyboy depicts an image of a youth becoming a cowboy; Sodapop shows a bubbly personality, while Dallas Winston creates the image of the combination of a Texas city and a famous cigarette brand. 

The importance of the setting in this book cannot be overemphasized as it is through their environment that the main characters are defined. Hinton used her town of Tulsa, Oklahoma, as the setting of this book, even though she never refers to the city by name. The figurative language used in ‘ The Outsiders ‘ is mostly metaphors and personification.

Analysis of the Symbols

Sunsets and sunrises.

In the book, sunrise and sunset depict the beauty and goodness in the world, especially after Johnny compares the gold in the poem “Nothing Gold Can Stay” to the gold of the sunrises and sunsets Ponyboy enjoys. Sunset also represents the humanity of all people, regardless of the gang to which they belong. When Cherry and Ponyboy were first discussing at the drive-in, they found out that they share similar interests in the enjoyment of the same sunset from their sides of town.

Greaser Hair

The symbol of the greasers, both to themselves and to others, is their long, slick hair gang. When Ponyboy and Johnny cut and dyed their hair when they ran away to hide after Bob’s death,  they were taking a symbolic step outside the gang conflict. This made Ponyboy feel less secure but also gained him a bit of room to develop his individuality.

The Blue Mustang

The blue Mustang is a symbol that shows two things: the wealth of the Socs and the danger posed to the greasers. Anytime Ponyboy or any other greaser spots the Mustang, he knows trouble is coming. Later in the novel, Ponyboy comes to understand and feel compassion for the Socs, and the Mustang loses some of its power to intimidate.

How does Two-Bit describe the Socs?

Two-Bit Matthews describes the upper-class gang known as Socs as those that tend to gang up on one or two people and also fight among themselves. This is unlike the lower-class gang, the Greasers who usually stick together, and when two members do get into an argument.

How are greasers and Socs different besides money?

Besides money, there are many differences between the socs and the greasers. The greasers have long, greasy hair, while the Socs generally have shorter hair. The greasers are poor and live on the bad side or east of town, unlike the socs who live on the good side or the west side of town.

Which character is Ponyboy’s oldest brother that takes care of him?

The character is a 20-year-old strong, athletic greaser called Darry. When Ponyboy’s parents die in a car accident, his oldest brother, Darrel Curtis, also known as “Darry,” quit school and passed on a scholarship to take care of his brothers. He works two jobs in order to meet the responsibility at home.

Is Two-Bit mean in The Outsiders ?

Keith “Two-Bit” Mathews is 18 and a half, still a Junior in high school, and also a supporting character in the book ‘ The Outsiders ‘. He is popularly called by his nickname is called Two-Bit because he never shuts his mouth and always has to add in his “two bits”. He is not mean but is rather a fun-loving person who loves to tell jokes.

What does Two-Bit’s switchblade symbolize?

Two-Bit Matthew’s switchblade is his possession of inestimable value. He treasures it so highly because of all that it represents to him. The switchblade represents the disregard for authority for which greasers traditionally pride themselves in many ways. Firstly, the blade is stolen; secondly, it gives a sense of individual power to the owner.

How old is Cherry Valance?

Cherry is a 16-year-old girl in ‘ The Outsiders ‘ by S. E. Hinton . She is described as very beautiful with red hair and green eyes.

The Outsiders Quiz

Dive into the world of loyalty, rivalry, and self-discovery with our ' The Outsiders ' Trivia Quiz! Do you have the insight and knowledge to navigate the complex lives of the Greasers and the Socs? Accept the challenge now and prove your mastery over S. E. Hinton's timeless tale of friendship and struggle

1) Who is the author of ' The Outsiders '?

2) What weapon does Johnny use to defend Ponyboy?

3) Who helps Johnny and Ponyboy while they are hiding?

4) How do Johnny and Ponyboy disguise themselves?

5) What do Ponyboy and Randy discuss when Randy visits him?

6) What does Ponyboy do when he is confronted by Socs after Johnny's death?

7) Who gets injured trying to save children from the burning church?

8) Who is the Soc girl that Ponyboy befriends?

9) What is the result of the rumble between the Socs and the Greasers?

10) What does Johnny tell Ponyboy before he dies?

11) How does Dallas react to Johnny's death?

12) What novel do Johnny and Ponyboy read while hiding?

13) What is the name of the high school that Ponyboy and his friends attend?

14) What does Ponyboy realize about the Socs and the Greasers at the end of the novel?

15) What injury does Johnny sustain from the church fire?

16) Where do Johnny and Ponyboy hide after the park incident?

17) What does Ponyboy decide to write about for his English assignment?

18) How does the novel ' The Outsiders ' end?

19) Who is the author of the poem ' Nothing Gold Can Stay '?

20) What does Two-Bit give to Dally in the hospital?

21) Who is the protagonist of ' The Outsiders '?

22) What does Ponyboy do to cope with the loss of Johnny and Dallas?

23) What causes Ponyboy to pass out after the rumble?

24) What is the significance of the poem ' Nothing Gold Can Stay ' in the novel?

25) What happens to Johnny and Ponyboy at the park?

26) What are the two rival groups in ' The Outsiders '?

27) What event leads to Ponyboy and Johnny running away?

28) What happens to the church where Johnny and Ponyboy are hiding?

29) Who is Ponyboy's oldest brother?

30) What is the setting of the novel?

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77 The Outsiders Essay Topic Ideas & Examples

🏆 best the outsiders topic ideas & essay examples, 📌 most interesting the outsiders topics to write about, 👍 good research topics about the outsiders, ❓ the outsiders essay questions.

• Analysis of The Outsiders From the Perspectives of Social Work Theories and Applications The rivalry between the two gangs the Greasers and the Socs turns into the struggle in the context of social problems.
• “Avatar” by Cameron and “The Outsiders” by Coppola: Comparison It is one of the main messages of the film. The movie shows the antagonistic attitude of people to the inhabitants of the planet of Pandora.
• “The Outsiders” by S.E. Hinton He thinks that the law is a joke. He was the gang leader of the Socs.
• Ponyboy’s Evolution in Hinton’s “The Outsiders” Two of Ponyboy’s friends die, and he sees a lot of violence in the streets. He is still a part of the gang, and he thinks that violence is a part of their life.
• The Outsiders by Susan Eloise Hinton Therefore, it is crucial to get acquainted with the essence of the novel and analyze its main characters to genuinely comprehend Hinton’s view on the challenges of the teenage age within the framework of this […]
• Story Analysis of “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton Cherry’s attraction to Dallas is of essence in the story since it illustrates that the conflict between the two teenage groups is reconcilable.”I had to.
• The Influence of Bad Parenting or the Lack of Parents in “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• The Conflict in “The Outsiders” and the Gap Between the Rich and the Poor
• “The Outsiders”: Ponyboy Compared to Dally
• The Three Life Lessons Learned by Ponyboy in “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• The Wrong Thing for the Wrong Reasons in “Tom Sawyer” and “The Outsiders”
• The Idea of Social Class in “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• The Common Issues of Dependence in “A Separate Peace” and “The Outsiders”
• The Characters of Jack and Ralph in “Lord of the Flies” and the Character of Pony in “The Outsiders”
• The Socioeconomic Triggers of Juvenile Delinquency: Analysis of “The Outsiders”
• The Use of Stereotypes in “The Outsiders”
• Overcoming Obstacles in “The Outsiders” and “The Time Traveler”
• Common Issues Highlighted in “The Outsiders” and “Saints and Roughnecks”
• The Act of Self Defense in “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• The Banning of Salinger’s “The Catcher in the Rye” and Hinton’s “The Outsiders” in U.S. Schools
• The Relationship Between Ponyboy, Johnny, and Dally in S. E. Hinton’s “The Outsiders”
• “The Outsiders”: Codependence Analysis of Business Cycles in Europe
• The Similarities Between Salinger’s “The Catcher in the Rye” and Hinton’s “The Outsiders”
• The True Meaning of a Hero in “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• The Positive and Negative Impacts of “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• The Definition of a Social Class in “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• The Ups and Downs of “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• Comparing the Differences Between Johnny and Dally in “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• The Different Types of People in “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• The Development of Two Social Outcasts Into Strong and Dependable Individuals in “The Perks of Being a Wallflower” and “The Outsiders”
• The Five Stages of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• Death Presented in the Novels “Of Mice and Men” and “The Outsiders”
• An Analysis of the Story of Brotherhood in “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• The Hero’s Journey in S. E. Hinton’s “The Outsiders”
• The Story of Conflict Between the Greasers and the Socs in S. E. Hinton’s “The Outsiders”
• The Idea of Social Acceptance in “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• The Concepts of Conformity and Staying True to One’s Self Portrayed in “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• The Character of Cherry Valance in S. E. Hinton’s “The Outsiders”
• The Theme of Alienation in “The Count of Monte Cristo,” “Invisible Man,” “Not Like Other Boys,” and “The Outsiders”
• The Rivalry Between “The West Side Story” and “The Outsiders”
• The Significance of Stereotypes Illustrated in Hinton’s “The Outsiders”
• The Courage, Selflessness, and Care of Johnny Cade in “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• The Three Deaths in Hinton’s “The Outsiders”
• The Inspiration From the Authors’ Lives in “The Tell-Tale Heart,” “The Cask of Amontillado” by Edgar Allan Poe and “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• The Difference Between the Greasers and Socs in “The Outsiders” by S. E. Hinton
• Events in Life That Can Induce the Loss of Innocence in S. E. Hinton’s “The Outsiders” and Richard Wright’s “Black Boy”
• What Are the Issues Explored and Techniques Used in S. E. Hinton’s “The Outsiders”?
• Who Are Your Close Ties in S. E. Hinton’s “The Outsiders”?
• How Does Ponyboy Change Through “The Outsiders”?
• What Are Conflicts of the Main Character Ponyboy Curtis in “The Outsiders”?
• What Is the Moral Lesson of “The Outsiders”?
• How Does the Division Between the East Side and the West Side Represent the Conflict Within “The Outsiders”?
• Why Should “The Outsiders” Be Taught in School?
• Is the Violence Shocking, Predictable, Boring, or Melodramatic in “The Outsiders”?
• What Do Johnny’s Last Words Mean in “The Outsiders”?
• How Does the West Side Story Compare to “The Outsiders”?
• What Is the Difference Between Ponyboy the Narrator and Ponyboy the Character in “The Outsiders”?
• How Do Dally and Johnny Compare in “The Outsiders”?
• What Elements in “The Outsiders” Make the Story More Real?
• How Many Chapters Are in “The Outsiders”?
• What Does Johnny Mean When He Tells Ponyboy “Stay Gold” in “The Outsiders”?
• What Is the Most Important Message in “The Outsiders”?
• How Did the Ponyboy’s Loss of Innocence Begin Before “The Outsiders” Begun?
• What Major Themes Are Seen in “The Outsiders”?
• How Do Cars Fill the Gap of the Differences Between the Two Socioeconomic Groups in “The Outsiders”?
• What Message Is Implied at the End of “The Outsiders”?
• Which Things in the Story Would Have Remained the Same if Ponyboy’s Parents Had Still Been Alive in “The Outsiders”?
• What Draws Cherry to the Greasers in “The Outsiders”?
• What’s the Symbolism of the Switchblade Knife in “The Outsiders”?
• What Are the Reasons Cherry Gets Attracted to the Greasers in “The Outsiders”?
• How Do “The Outsiders” Relate to the Real World?
• What Are Similarities Between Johnny and Dally in “The Outsiders”?
• What Are the Conflicts Introduced by the Reader at the Start of “The Outsiders”?
• Why Did Dally Tell Johnny Not Turn Himself in “The Outsiders”?
• What Messages Was the Author Trying to Convey by Writing “The Outsiders”?
• How Do Ponyboy’s Feelings Toward Randy Reflect the Conflict Between the Socs and the Greasers in “The Outsiders”?
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The Outsiders

S. e. hinton.

Ask LitCharts AI: The answer to your questions

Divided Communities

Ponyboy stands in the middle of two major conflicts: the conflict between the Socs and greasers, and the conflict between Ponyboy and Darry within the Curtis family. In the gang conflict, the novel shows how the two groups focus on their differences—they dress differently, socialize differently, and hang out with different girls—and how this focus on superficial differences leads to hate and violence. Yet the novel also shows how the two groups depend on their…

Empathy, the ability to see things through another person's perspective, is central to the resolution of both the gang and the family conflict in The Outsiders . The two gangs' preoccupation with the appearance and class status of their rivals underscores the superficiality of their mutual hostility, which thrives on stereotypes and prejudice. Certain characters can see past the stereotypes, however. When Cherry befriends Ponyboy at the drive-in and insists that "things are rough all…

Preserving Childhood Innocence

The Outsiders shows the importance of preserving the hope, open-mindedness, and appreciation of beauty that are characteristic of childhood. Ponyboy's daydreams about the country, his appreciation of sunrises and sunsets , and his rescue of the children from the burning church distinguish him from other characters in the novel. These traits show that Ponyboy, unlike the other boys, still has preserved some of his childhood innocence. They also allow him to see beyond the shallow…

Self-Sacrifice and Honor

Despite the greasers' reputation as heartless young criminals, they live by a specific and honorable code of friendship, and there are many instances in which gang and family members make selfless choices. These choices often reflect a desire to make life better for the next generation of youths. Darry forfeited a college scholarship for a full-time manual labor job in order to support his younger brothers. Dally , who seems not to care about anything…

Individual Identity

Both the Socs and the greasers sacrifice their individuality to the styles and sentiments of their groups. Greasers, for example, wear their hair long and oiled, and share a common hostility toward the Socs.

At the start of the novel, Ponyboy is a dedicated greaser even though he knows that certain aspects of his personality make him different from the rest of the gang. The gang provides him with too great of a sense of…

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The Outsiders

Introduction to the outsiders, summary of the outsiders, major themes in the outsiders, major characters of the outsiders, writing style of the outsiders, analysis of the literary devices in the outsiders, post navigation.

Home — Essay Samples — Literature — The Outsiders — The Outsiders: Challenging Stereotypes

The Outsiders: Challenging Stereotypes

• Categories: Civil Rights Movement Social Justice The Outsiders

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Words: 533 |

Published: Mar 16, 2024

Words: 533 | Page: 1 | 3 min read

Table of contents

Stereotypes in "the outsiders", consequences of stereotyping, challenging stereotypes.

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