phd by research only

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Philosophy Doctor (Ph.D) Degree by Research via distance learning

Create value for your life and career

A PhD by Research via Distance Learning perfectly adjusts to adult students’ needs, that is to people having work and family commitments yet willing to go through alternative academic path. Selinus University is an independent private international university that helps adult international students achieving their academic goals. Over the years, several surveys have shown that via Distance Learning PhDs by research can be as useful as those earned by traditional academic systems. Clearly, it has to be granted that the private institution is highly reputable. In this regard, Selinus University has acquired a respectable and trustworthy reputation, always giving personal skills and professionalism the deserved emphasis. Nowadays, Selinus University represents an important alternative to traditional studies, above all if we consider the digital era and the global village we live in. Our study system is geared towards busy people pacing today world rhythms. As a matter of fact, it is efficiently transmitted among computer devices anywhere in the world. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), in Latin: Philosophiae Doctor or Doctor Philosophiae, is the highest academic degree awarded. It usually covers all academic programs. As graduate researchers, PhD students are usually required to show competence, master their topic research but also carry out an original thesis so as to foster new academic contributions in their knowledge field. A PhD via distance learning is an original academic research in a specific branch of human knowledge. The candidate works autonomously and his/her project culminates in a final doctoral thesis. Unlike any other traditional campus based PhD, Selinus PhD by Research does not have semesters splitting; it rather consists in an independent and autonomous theoretical research on a specific academic area. This research is implemented in a final thesis that students shall complete within 24 months. Stress is given on independence during study and research; reason why students’ supervisors will not actually be tutor as in common understanding, but rather specialised consultants for students’ assistance. The student can use both textbooks and the Internet for research purpose besides having access to the online library. Working freely and independently on their research, students will grow highly specialized knowledge and specific expertise to display in their doctoral thesis defense. The Distance Learning PhD is earned after successfully completing and defending the final doctoral thesis in the academic major that has been chosen. The "Doctor of Philosophy" is the only PhD that can be obtained via Distance Learning. It should be quite clear that any laboratory method or professional practice cannot occur online or through any distance learning system. The main requirement for a distance learning PhD by Research is to submit and defend the final thesis whose minimum length have to be 90/100 pages. That will be reviewed and evaluated by an academic committee of the Selinus Unversity. In some cases, previous candidates’ publications may be relevant for PhD purposes. In case the thesis credits are not sufficient, in order to have all the required doctoral credits, additional in-depth reports (about 15-20 pages each) based on textbooks may also be requested. A PhD is often a very popular job requirement in many work areas. Especially in developing countries, with lack of basic job training, the Doctor of Philosophy gets more and more required not only for highly qualified professions, but also for multinationals, non-governmental organizations and private companies’ employments. Employees are asked for an academic "certification" higher than a Bachelor's or a Master's degree. A Master's degree is usually sufficient for most professions. The Ph.D., however, is the highest educational qualification. Only the best-qualified professionals have a Ph.D. To access the program, students need to possess a Master's degree or equivalent and be at least 30 years old. The Ph.D. program requires a minimum of 65 academic credits (about 1000 hours of study) that will be achieved through the final thesis. Distance learning Selinus PhD admission requirements are: Master Degree possession and suitable CV. There is no race, colour, sex, beliefs and/or religion discrimination. APEL (Accreditation Prior Experiential Learning) professional credits validation may contribute to the final evaluation of the thesis.

The cost of a PhD by research via Distance Learning is obviously much lower than a campus based doctorate.

(View Accreditation Certificates)

Distance Learning
Program outline
Tuition fees
Thesis defence

Study from anywhere in the world, any time during the year

Selinus University offers several distance learning degree programs. These programs are highly affordable and cover more than 200 disciplines including management, communications, humanities, arts, psychology, natural health, therapies, computers, sciences, engineering, and others.

See the PhD study programs via Distance Learning that we offer for each faculty: Faculty of Arts & Humanities - Faculty of Business & Media - Faculty of Computer Science - Faculty of Engineering & Technology - Faculty of Life & Earth Sciences - Faculty of Psychology - Faculty of Natural Health Science

65 academic credits besides a Master's program.
Max Average Duration: 18 months + six months further on demand.
Admission is open for adults over 30 years of age. Master's degree or international equivalent is required for admission.
All-inclusive price: supervisor’s support, evaluation and assessment, diploma certificate and transcript.

The cost of a PhD by research via Distance Learning is obviously much lower than a campus based doctorate. Cost for 1 Uniselinus PhD credit: 40 euros. Transferred credit from previous education and/or professional experience not allowed.

Final Cost: 2600 Eur

Payment plans are available upon request up to:

1) Single payment at enrolment: 10% of discount 2) 2 monthly instalments 3) 4 monthly instalments 4) 6 monthly installments

Considering that Selinus students come from all over the world, often miles away from the university headquarters, the Doctor PhD degree via distance learning thesis can be defended in three different ways:

1) Written defense: the student develops his/her defense in a 5 pages report;

2) Oral Defense: (recommended) the student sends an audio or video file (at least 30 minutes duration) containing his/her defense;

Send registration application

Download and fill in the application ( file: Application ) by attaching the required documents specified in the application and send by email to: [email protected]

If your application is successful you will receive confirmation of your registration, the Certificate of Enrollment, the Payment Plan according to the choice made in the application and the necessary information to start your PhD program. We would like to remind you that the admission requirement for a PhD is a Master's Degree or international equivalent title.

Files to download and read before sending the enrollment request:

Doctorate enrollment

I'm interested in pursuing a Doctor (Ph.D) degree program. I would like to receive information about the following programme:

At the following Majors:	Operations

Majors can be found on the home page www.uniselinus.education by clicking on the single faculty you can access the available disciplines.

Contact info

Registered offices.

Selinus University Graduate School LLC 8 The Green, Suite A Dover 19901 – Delaware (USA)

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Study with the world leaders in development studies and realise your potential to transform the world with our PhD by Research.

The PhD in Development Studies by Research is IDS’s advanced research degree. It is awarded to candidates after a minimum of three years study, based on completion of original and significant research in the field of Development Studies – which is assessed through a written thesis.

*Please note: It is not possible for international students to take a part-time PhD due to UK Home Office visa restrictions, and IDS does not have a distance learning mode of its PhD Programme.

World leaders in development studies

Ranked first in the world for Development Studies (QS World University Rankings by Subject 2023) for the eighth year in a row – the Institute of Development Studies (IDS) transforms the knowledge, action and leadership needed for more equitable and sustainable development globally, through our world-class research, learning and teaching.

As a PhD researcher, you will join a thriving research community comprising more than 70 research staff and 50 postgraduate researchers. You will have access to research and teaching opportunities, as well as a substantial series of seminars presented by leading development professionals and practitioners.

Areas of study

We welcome submissions from researchers who share our commitment to:

upholding climate and environmental justice
reducing extreme inequities
fostering healthy and fulfilling lives
nurturing inclusive, democratic and accountable societies.

We are particularly interested in work that shows originality in addressing topics related to the work of our research fellows based across our ten research clusters : business; cities; digital; governance; health and nutrition; impact and policy; participation; power; resource politics; and rural futures.

Find out more about our current PhD Researchers Find out more about our Research Fellows and their interests

Studying at IDS can potentially transform your view of the world – you grow a lot learning from this very rich and diverse community.

Each PhD researcher has a minimum of two supervisors. The number of hours of formal supervision will vary over the course of the PhD depending on the student, supervisor and type of research. IDS publishes a detailed PhD handbook which sets out expectations and responsibilities regarding supervision.

During the course of your PhD, you are required to give two seminars to the IDS community. The first, at the end of year one is called the Research Outline Seminar and this provides an overview of your PhD plans prior to beginning fieldwork. The second occurs halfway through year three. This is called the Work in Progress Seminar and it focuses on the research findings and overall arguments made in the dissertation.

Your PhD work is examined by dissertation and viva. Your thesis must be no longer than 80,000 words. These limits includes footnotes and bibliography but excludes any appendices.

You’re normally expected to have a Merit (an average of 60% overall) in a Master’s degree. Your qualification should be in a relevant social sciences subject. In exceptional circumstances, you may be considered for the degree if you have a qualification in a different subject area. You must also show evidence of substantial professional work experience in development-related work.

English language requirements

Students must be proficient in English. The minimum requirement is, for example, an IELTS grade of 7.0 overall and no less than 6.5 in each section of the IELTS test. For detailed information on English language requirements for international students please see the University of Sussex website .

IDS requires that students register for a minimum of three years. Most students spend time on fieldwork that may take place in a development context – either overseas or in the UK. During fieldwork, students are charged a fee which is normally 65% of the full-time fee but may be subject to change.

Almost all IDS PhD researchers choose to do empirical research and fieldwork for their PhDs. The broad parameters of this research (topic and country) are usually decided by the student and included in the proposal submitted as part of the application to the PhD programme. More detailed assessments of the scope and scale of this research are usually developed in conjunction with supervisors during the first year of the PhD. Fieldwork usually lasts between 8 and 12 months and costs depend on the scope and scale of the activities. For example, participant observation and qualitative interviews undertaken in your home country and in a language with which you are familiar, may not be very expensive, but working in a country where you need visas, in-country ethical approval, and have to employ translators, transcribers, or a team of enumerators for a quantitative survey can mean that costs rapidly escalate. Where you stay, how you travel to your fieldsite, what technology you use to collect and analyse data and how long you stay will all influence the costs. IDS does not have the resources to fund any fieldwork or travel costs. There is a small conference fund and PhD students can apply for up to £450 during their PhDs if they are presenting a paper at a conference.

After having made substantial progress and completed three years of registration, students may be permitted to transfer to pre-submission status for a maximum of 12 months. IDS considers substantial progress to be the completion of three empirical chapters, supervisors’ approval and a successful work-in-progress seminar. If pre-submission status is not granted, then full-time fees are still applicable. The pre-submission fee is approximately £500 for each year or part thereof.

Unfortunately, neither IDS nor the University of Sussex can offer financial support. Applicants requiring financial assistance should contact their local Ministry of Education or Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the British Council representative (c/o British Embassy). For the latest information on fees, funding and scholarships, visit the University of Sussex website .

Living costs

Find out typical living costs for studying at Sussex

Find out about our terms and conditions

Your time at IDS will equip you with the training needed to launch your career in academia, government, civil society or the private sector, and make a real difference in bringing about transformative change.

Our PhD graduates are defining and solving some of the world’s most pressing global challenges in their work as:

ministers in national governments and civil servants
high-level officials in development organisations such as UNDP and the World Bank
leaders and thinkers of civil-society and international development organisations such as ActionAid and Christian Aid
high-profile academics at universities across the world.

Apply via the University of Sussex online application . When completing the application form, please identify IDS on the application; the code for this is L1604R – Development Studies (IDS) (PHD).

Finding a supervisor

While you are not responsible for finding a supervisor, it is good practice to express your preferred supervisors on your application form. Applicants are assessed both on their academic credentials and on the relevance of their works to the research of one or more IDS Research Fellows .

Distance learning

IDS is unable to accept applications for distance learning. We believe it is in the best interests of both PhD students and the Institute that the majority of the study period is spent at IDS. This offers the opportunity for ongoing interaction with other IDS members and students.

Your research proposal

When you apply, you must submit a detailed research proposal of 2000-3500 words indicating the primary research questions of your research project, a short review of the literature that you are planning to engage with, and your methodology. Find out how to write a research proposal.

Before applying, please read carefully our guidelines on how to write your research proposal on the Sussex website . Here is a good example of a recent research proposal from a successful applicant: Susana Araujo’s PhD research proposal to IDS, 2020 .

Application deadline

We prefer our PhD by Research students to start in September to coincide with the start of the University of Sussex autumn term. This timing will maximise your opportunities to take part in induction sessions, training and module enrolment (optional), both at IDS and the University of Sussex.

For September entry, the application deadlines are:

21 June for international students
21 July for UK/EU students.

In exceptional circumstances IDS may permit students to start the PhD by Research in January (for example, if visa issues prevent a September entry). The application deadline is 31 October for all January starters. We may also be able to offer some flexibility in start dates for students transferring from another organisation.

How we assess your application

When assessing your application we take into account many factors including: the quality of your research proposal, your academic qualifications, fit with IDS research priorities, previous development experience, language skills and availability of suitable supervisors.

All applications are assessed by the IDS Director of Doctoral Studies, with input from two potential supervisors. You will also be interviewed on your PhD research plans by these potential supervisors. If your application is successful, you will be contacted by the University of Sussex Admissions Office with a formal offer letter.

Presence at IDS

Your presence at IDS is vital at the early stage of your PhD when the research proposal is prepared (the first year) and then, after fieldwork, at the stage of writing up the research findings (the third year). The maximum period of registration is four years, but a PhD can be completed in three years.

Key information

Full time duration, part time duration, home fees (uk, republic of ireland, channel islands & isle of man), overseas (including eu), open days and events.

Find our more about our PhD Open Evenings, information sessions, virtual PhD events and campus tours

Key contacts

Teaching Coordinator

s.s.watson@ids.ac.uk

+44 (0)1273 915662

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What is the difference between Ph. D programs with coursework and those without it?

I have been looking into PhD programs in the Engineering field, and I have found different types of programs, such as some with coursework, and others without any coursework.

What is the practical difference between them? (Besides the obvious coursework) What kind of student is expected for each of them?

EDIT: To be more specific, I have been looking into Robotics PhD programs, such as:

CMU Robotics PhD (Coursework + Research).
KCL Robotics PhD (Only research).
graduate-school

It might be great if you were more specific about which engineering fields you are talking about and/or including links to the different types of programs you've found... – TCSGrad Commented Feb 16, 2012 at 6:39
As far as I know (which is little), coursework PhD programs tend to let you shape your thesis by learning incrementally from courses till you are better off on your own. For instance, if you were doing a PhD in Supercomputing; They would probably ask you to take "core courses" like Computer Hardware, Software and Design of Programs along with a few "electives" to strengthen a certain aspect and leave you on your own. Non-coursework, on the other hand, is like a full time job with research (and possibly, teaching) duties. You shape your thesis by interacting with advisors and reading books. – user107 Commented Feb 16, 2012 at 6:53
@shan23 Done, see edited question. – Dr. Snoopy Commented Feb 16, 2012 at 20:35

4 Answers 4

It seems to me that there are several advantages; none of these are suitable for every student. It's up to you whether enough of them apply to you, to make it worth doing a taught PhD:

A PhD with a bit of coursework in the first year will help those who are crossing over into a discipline that they're not already deeply embedded in: it will give you some hand-holding through the things you'll need to know but don't yet;
it should (if taught well) also teach you some extra research skills;
it will give you some indication as you progress as to how well you're doing, compared to how well you should be doing if you're going to finish
it will allow you to explore different aspects of the field, to help you finalise your thesis topic
it may, depending on the country and institution, give you an intermediate degree at the end of the taught section, such as an MRes, which will count for something even if you then don't go on to do the full PhD
it lessens the culture-shock for those going straight from fully-taught study to a research degree.

8 "..it lessens the culture-shock for those going straight from fully-taught study to a research degree.." +1 – user107 Commented Feb 16, 2012 at 7:15
3 Also +1 for the culture shock. Very true. Describes my situation exactly. – Austin Henley Commented Apr 19, 2013 at 15:40
2 Coming from industry + masters, I found the class requirements annoying as they got in the way of me doing research full time. We had 9 required courses and only 2 of them provided any real value to my research. The major unseen benefit of classes is that their difficulty pushed me to make friends "in the trenches" of group projects and assignments. These friendships lasted throughout the rest of my PhD. – Josh Hibschman Commented Jun 16, 2015 at 17:16

One thing to keep in mind is that there are international differences as well. In Germany, for instance, doctoral programs almost never require coursework as part of the research program requirements (although it may be mandated for purposes off establishing degree equivalency, if you come from a foreign country or have a degree from another field). This is because it is assumed that you have taken all the necessary courses as part of your Master's program, which is considered the follow up to the bachelor's rather than the precursor to the doctorate.

The reverse is true in the US: I don't know of any PhD programs there that don't require courses, for the reverse reason.

1 Does this mean that non-coursework PhD programs require that students have previously finished a Masters degree? – Dr. Snoopy Commented Feb 16, 2012 at 20:37
6 In Germany, it does; however, for programs in other countries, you'll need to check the admissions policy of the individual programs. These are usually available on the Internet; if not, you can always send an email or call the personnel responsible for admissions. – aeismail Commented Feb 16, 2012 at 20:45

Also, a coursework PhD program is very useful for someone (like me) who took a break from academia to work for a couple of years - it would be invaluable in refreshing those basics that have atrophied during the time spent at industry.

Sometimes, especially in the beginning, it is easier to measure course progress than research progress, and thus good for the self-esteem. Being able to say "I've accomplished something this semester" is crucial.

Doesn't the extra workload from courses mean that to some extent, you will only get around to start concentrating on the research in year 2 and make comparably little research progress then? – O. R. Mapper Commented Jun 17, 2015 at 16:19

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Best Research Universities with Online Doctorates (PhDs) 2024

Earning a PhD can boost your career potential. We rank the best research universities that offer online doctorate programs.

Key Takeaways

Online doctoral degree programs are growing in availability at top-ranked research universities.
Doctoral students seeking accredited online degree programs from top research universities have a number of excellent options to choose from.
Many online programs at the doctoral level are geared toward working professionals seeking to advance in their career.

Featured Programs

Prospective students considering online doctoral programs can choose from a wide range of excellent programs at an array of top research universities. Research universities are schools that invest heavily in research. These universities are therefore able to provide meaningful opportunities for students and faculty to participate in research.

This high level of research activity makes research universities a particularly strong draw for doctoral students and Phd candidates. Doctoral and PhD candidates are typically already working at a high level in their field.

This means that students seeking their doctorate through online doctoral programs must balance existing work and personal responsibilities with a challenging course of education. This is why a growing number of research universities offer online doctoral programs.

For a look at how these online doctoral programs stack up against traditional on campus programs, check out our look at the 50 Best Graduate Schools in the U.S.

Otherwise, read on and learn more about how you can earn an online PhD from a top research university.

The Carnegie Classification System at Research Universities

The best research universities for online doctoral degrees are classified into different tiers based on their quantifiable commitment to research activities. This tiered ranking is commonly called the Carnegie Classification.

The Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education is a framework for categorizing all accredited, degree-granting institutions in the United States.

Originally formulated in 1970 by The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, and administered through the University of Indiana’s Center for Postsecondary Research since 2014, the Carnegie Classification is “the leading framework for recognizing and describing institutional diversity in U.S. higher education.”

Under this classification, top research universities for doctoral degrees and PhD candidates are identified as either R2: Doctoral Universities for “high research activity” or R1: Doctoral Universities for “very high research activity.” Look for these classifications when considering options for your online PhD programs.

Accreditation for Your Online Doctoral Program at a Research University

Online doctoral degree programs are growing in both availability and diversity. Online doctoral programs are offered in an increasingly wide range of subjects including areas like:

Educational leadership
Educational administration
Community college leadership
Health sciences
Physical therapy
Nursing practice program options
Occupational therapy
Systems engineering
Computer engineering

...and much more.

An online doctoral programs becoming increasingly diverse in their offerings, proper accreditation becomes more important than ever when determining the quality and credibility of your online PhD:

Institutional Accreditation : Accreditation is vital for online doctoral programs. It signifies that the online Ph.D programs offered by the graduate school are in compliance with the standards of a Department of Education-approved accrediting body.

A school must also be accredited in order to offer federal financial aid to its online doctorate candidates. When looking for an online doctoral program, seek out options with accreditation from a colleges and schools commission in your region. This stamp of approval is critical for ensuring the quality and credibility of your online program.

Programmatic Accreditation : In addition to institutional accreditation, be sure that you are only considering online doctorate degree programs with programmatic accreditation.

For instance, if you seek a doctor of nursing practice, be sure that your online doctoral degree program has accreditation from the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE). If you seek a PhD in business administration, be sure you only consider online degrees with programmatic accreditation from the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP).

Programmatic accreditation ensures you only select from online PhD programs respected in your field.

Key Point: The best online doctoral programs will have both institutional and programmatic accreditation.

Woman smiling at a laptop with headphones

What to Expect from an Online Doctorate Program at a Research University

Admission requirements.

Each research university offering online doctorate programs will have its own admission requirements. However, most online doctoral programs will carry the same basic threshold for admission:

A completed online application
Official undergraduate college transcripts
A cumulative GPA of at least 3.0
GRE scores, MAT scores, or GMAT scores
Letters of recommendation
Personal interviews
Personal statement or essay
Plan of study

Key Point: In most cases, you’ll be eligible to enter a doctoral degree online after earning a bachelor’s degree. However, some specialized online PhD programs may require you to have earned a master’s degree as well.

Curriculum and Courses

As with other advanced degree and graduate programs, research is the central component of your online PhD program. This is true for fully online doctorate degrees as well as hybrid degrees combining online education with traditional on-campus courses.

Regardless of whether you complete a traditional, hybrid or online doctoral program, the typical time to completion is three to six years.

The typical components of your online PhD program may include:

Foundational Courses

While some foundational online doctorate courses may be focused on your specific discipline or area of study, most courses will focus on research methods and experimental design. You may be able to complete many of these requirements through online classes.

Examinations for PhD Candidacy

Many online doctoral students are required to complete certain examinations to enter into online PhD candidacy. This will typically occur after you’ve completed one to two years of foundational courses.

Dissertation Requirements in Online PhD Programs at Research Universities

Dissertation.

In most cases, the central component of your online PhD program will be the completion of your dissertation. After gaining status as an online PhD candidate, you will typically work closely with a professorial advisor or mentor to develop an original research question.

This research question will form the basis of your dissertation—an ongoing project designed to address this research question through applied research. While you will work closely with your advisor or mentor, much of your dissertation will be rooted in independent research. This is especially true for students pursuing an online PhD.

Oral Defense

Upon completion of the written portion of your dissertation—which will typically present the findings from your original research project—you will be expected to defend your findings. This “oral defense” will typically be conducted by a commission of professors and experts in your field. PhD candidates in some online degree programs may be able to conduct this defense via teleconferencing.

Teaching Requirements

Some online Ph.D programs will also include a teaching component, which will require you to work as an adjunct professor or teacher’s assistant in an undergraduate or graduate school. It may be possible for students in the online doctoral degree program to also serve teaching requirements by instructing online students.

Key Point: The online PhD is a research-focused degree. Your dissertation will be a central part of your online doctoral degree program.

Careers for Students Who Complete Online Doctoral Degree Programs

The PhD is generally considered a terminal degree at most research universities and in most fields. This means that students who complete credible online doctoral programs in their field are generally eligible for top positions and opportunities in their field. These opportunities, and the pay scale, may differ from one field to the next.

That said, the Bureau of Labor Statistics notes that, in 2021, working professionals with a PhD earned more per week than other Americans in every educational demographic. According to the BLS, the median weekly earning for graduate students with a doctoral degree was $1909. By contrast, those with a master’s degree earned a weekly median of $1574, while bachelor’s degree holders earned a median of $1334.

These higher earnings are reflective of the rarified professional opportunities that await those with a PhD in their field. Working professionals who earn an accredited online doctorate may be eligible to work in the following areas.

Theoretical Research
Scientific Research
Post-Secondary Education
Public Policy Consultation
Clinical Practice
Organizational Leadership

Key Point: According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, students with a doctorate will earn more than graduates with a bachelor’s or master’s degree.

What’s the difference between online doctoral programs and online Ph.D programs?

Technically, a PhD is a type of doctorate degree. This means that all online PhD candidates are doctoral students. By contrast, not all doctoral students are PhD candidates.

The primary distinction is that doctoral students are primarily focused on putting existing theories into practice. Depending on your chosen field, your online doctoral degree may require participation in an educational leadership program, engagement in clinical practice, work as a resident in a nursing program, and much more.

By contrast, online PhD students are focused on creating new knowledge in their area of study. This usually means that online PhD candidates are focused on introducing new theories, creating research projects around these theories, and presenting new findings that demonstrate a mastery of existing knowledge and the insight to introduce new ideas into the field.

Today, more working professionals than ever before are pursuing both online doctoral degrees and online Phd programs.

The 20 Best Research Universities with Online Doctorates

University of southern california.

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#5 Top 15 Most Affordable Online Social Work PhDs (Doctorates)
#5 Best Online Master's in Management
#5 Fastest Online Master's Degrees Ranked for Students in 2024
#6 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
#2 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Counseling Degree Programs 2024
#17 The Best Traditional MBA Programs Ranked for Students in 2024

Tuition + fees

Student body

Median SAT/ACT

Career Outlook for degree at University of Southern California

University of Southern California’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Social Work
Engineering
Criminal Justice
Communications
Computer Science
Political Science

Most Influential Alumni

Frank Gehry
Neil Armstrong
Jack L. Warner
John Mearsheimer
Boris Podolsky
Michael D. Griffin
Maulana Karenga
O. J. Simpson
Robert Ballard

Plan to pursue career opportunities in the Los Angeles area. Some estimates identify USC as the largest employer in the region as well as a top contributor to the labor market.

Are seeking a more intimate academic experience. USC is a massive school in an urban environment.

University of Arizona

#1 Best Grad Schools in Arizona 2024
#1 Most Affordable Colleges in Arizona 2024
#1 The Most Influential Universities and Colleges Ranked by State 2024
#1 Best Public Colleges in Arizona 2024
#1 Best Research Universities in Arizona 2024
#23 Best Research Universities for Criminal Justice Degrees
#1 Best Online Bachelor’s of History Degree Programs Ranked for 2025
#1 Best Online Bachelor's in Accounting 2025
#1 Best Online Bachelor’s in Business Administration Degree Programs
#1 Best Online Master's in Behavior Analysis Degree Programs
#1 Best Online Master's in Agriculture and Agribusiness Degree Programs
#1 Best Online Bachelor’s of Early Childhood Education Degree Programs for 2025
#1 Best Online Bachelor's in Cybersecurity
#1 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024
#1 Best Online Bachelor's in Organizational Leadership Degree Programs
#1 Best Online Colleges in Arizona 2024
#1 Best Online Bachelor's in Law and Legal Studies Degree Programs for 2024
#1 Best Online Bachelor's of Economics Degree Programs for 2024
#1 Best Online Bachelor's in Philosophy Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
#1 Best Online Master's Programs in Arizona 2024
#1 Best Online Bachelor's in Cybersecurity in Arizona
#1 Best Online Bachelor’s of Electrical and Computer Engineering Degree Programs for 2024
#1 Best Online Bachelor’s in Child Development Degree Programs for 2024
#1 Best Online Bachelor's in Psychology Degree Programs for Students
#1 Top 10 Best Online Bachelor's of Web Design Degree Programs 2025
#2 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Bachelor's of Cybersecurity 2025
#2 Best Online Bachelor’s of Communications Degree Programs for 2025
#2 Best Online MBA in Entrepreneurship Ranked for Students in 2024
#2 Best Online MBA in Business Analytics Ranked for Students in 2024
#2 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
#2 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Master's of Nursing Programs
#2 Best Online Bachelor's in Biology
#2 Best Online MBAs in Finance
#2 Best Online MBA in Marketing Degree Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
#2 Best Online MBA Programs in Arizona
#3 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students
#3 Best Online Bachelor’s of Digital Media for 2024
#3 Best Online Master's in Cybersecurity
#4 Best Online Master's in Marketing and Advertising
#4 Best Online Master’s in Sustainability and Green Technologies
#4 Best Online Master's Degrees in Accounting
#4 Best Online Master’s in Engineering Management
#4 Best Online Master's in Special Education
#4 Top 15 Most Affordable Online Economics PhD Programs (Doctorates) 2024
#4 Best Online Master's in Economics
#4 Top 18 Most Affordable No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs
#5 Fastest Online Bachelor's Degrees Ranked for 2025
#5 Best Online Bachelor’s of Human Services Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
#5 Best Online Bachelor's in Public Health Degree Programs for Students
#6 Best Online Master's in Criminal Justice
#7 The Best Online MBA Degree Programs in 2024 Ranked for Students
#7 Best Online Master’s in Engineering
#8 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
#8 Most Affordable Online Criminology Doctorate Programs (PhDs)
#9 Best Online Master's in Management
#10 Best Online Master's Programs 2024
#11 Most Affordable Online Sociology Doctorate Programs (PhDs)
#13 Most Affordable Online Criminal Justice PhDs (Doctorates)
#20 Most Affordable Online Bachelor's Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
#3 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Nursing Degree Programs 2024
#6 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at University of Arizona

University of Arizona’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Anthropology
Earth Sciences
Geraldo Rivera
Clifford Stoll
Temple Grandin
Garry Shandling
Brian Schmidt
Henry Eyring
Michael McClure
Barbara Kingsolver
George H. Smith
Allen Buchanan
Frank Press

Enjoy college athletics. The Arizona Wildcats have won numerous championships across various Pac-12 Conference sports.

Prefer an intimate college experience.

George Washington University

#2 Best Grad Schools in DC 2024
#2 Best Colleges in DC 2024
#6 Best Research Universities for Criminal Justice Degrees
#9 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
#16 Best Research Universities for Communications Degrees
#20 Best Research Universities for Nursing Degrees
#21 Best Research Universities for Business Degrees
#1 Best Online MBA Programs in DC
#2 Best Online Master's Programs in DC 2024
#3 Top 10 Best Online Master's of Public Relations Ranked 2024
#5 Top 18 Most Affordable No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs
#6 Most Unusual Doctoral Degrees You Can Earn Online (PhDs)
#6 Best Online MBA Degree Programs for 2024 with No GMAT Required
#7 Top 8 Fastest Accelerated Online Psychology Doctorates (PhDs)
#10 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
#7 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at George Washington University

George Washington University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

J. Edgar Hoover
L. Ron Hubbard
Glenn Greenwald
Bob Woodward
Allen Dulles
George Armitage Miller
Juan Guaidó
Roger Stone
James E. Webb
Lester Frank Ward
Brian Williams

Are interested in fields like political science, law, and civics. Its location in the U.S. capital makes GW a prime destination for these areas of study.

Don’t wish to attend college in an urban environment. GW is immersed directly in the city of Washington D.C.

George Washington University’s Online Degrees

PhD in Systems Engineering
DEng in Cybersecurity Analytics
DEng in Engineering Management

Florida State University

#3 The Most Influential Universities and Colleges Ranked by State 2024
#3 Best Grad Schools in Florida 2024
#3 Best Colleges in Florida 2024
#3 Best Research Universities in Florida 2024
#4 Best Research Universities for Criminal Justice Degrees
#14 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
#1 Best Online Bachelor's in Criminal Justice
#1 Best Online Master’s in Counseling
#1 Best Online Master's in Criminal Justice
#2 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Information Technology
#2 Best Online Master’s in Information Technology
#2 Best Online Bachelor's in Computer Science Degree Programs
#2 Best Online Colleges in Florida 2024
#3 Best Online MBA Programs in Florida
#3 Best Online Master's in Art Education and Art Administration
#3 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
#3 Best Online Master's Programs in Florida 2024
#4 20 Best Online Master's of Speech Pathology Degree Programs
#4 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students
#4 Best Online Master's in Social Work MSW
#5 Most Unusual Doctoral Degrees You Can Earn Online (PhDs)
#6 Best Online Master’s in Communications
#6 Most Affordable Online Criminology Doctorate Programs (PhDs)
#10 Fastest Online Bachelor's Degrees Ranked for 2025
#12 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
#13 The Best Online MBA Degree Programs in 2024 Ranked for Students
#16 Best Online Master's in Management
#16 Fastest Online Doctoral Degree Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
#20 Best Online Master's Programs 2024
#20 Best Online Master’s in Engineering
#16 Most Affordable Master's in Counseling Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at Florida State University

Florida State University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Hunter S. Thompson
Robert Costanza
Ronald Numbers
Mark S. Wrighton
Sylvia Earle
Michael Berenbaum
Jim A. Kuypers
Neil Druckmann
Norman Thagard
Barry Jenkins
Deion Sanders
Richard W. Rahn

Are looking to participate in campus activities, Greek life, and sporting event attendance.

Prefer a more intimate college experience.

University of Missouri

#2 Best Research Universities in Missouri 2024
#2 Best Colleges in Missouri 2024
#1 Most Affordable Online Bachelor's of Business Degree Programs 2025
#1 Best Online Bachelor’s of Health Science Degree Programs Ranked for 2025
#1 Best Online Bachelor's of English Degree Programs for 2024
#1 Best Online Bachelor's in Sociology Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
#1 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Business Administration Doctorates
#1 Best Online Master's Programs in Missouri 2024
#1 Best Online Bachelor's in Interdisciplinary Studies Degree Programs for 2024
#1 Top 15 Most Affordable Online Information Technology PhD Programs
#1 Best Online Master's in Biology
#2 5 Inexpensive Online Master's Programs in Library Science
#2 Best Online Bachelor’s in Business Administration Degree Programs
#2 Best Online Master's in Agriculture and Agribusiness Degree Programs
#2 Best Online Bachelor’s of Early Childhood Education Degree Programs for 2025
#2 Best Online Bachelor’s of Education Degree Programs for 2024
#2 Best Online Master's in Special Education
#2 Best Online Bachelor's in Psychology Degree Programs for Students
#2 Best Online Colleges in Missouri 2024
#3 Best Online Bachelor’s of Communications Degree Programs for 2025
#3 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Master's of Nursing Programs
#3 Best Online Bachelor's in Public Health Degree Programs for Students
#3 Best Online Master's in Economics
#3 Best Online Bachelor’s in Information Technology Degree Programs for 2024
#3 Best Online Degree Completion Programs for Returning Students
#4 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024
#5 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
#5 Best Online Master's Degrees in Accounting
#6 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Doctorate of Education (PhDs)
#6 Best RN to BSN Online
#6 Top 18 Most Affordable No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs
#6 Best Online Master’s in Finance
#9 Fastest Online Bachelor's Degrees Ranked for 2025
#9 Best Online MBA Degree Programs for 2024 with No GMAT Required
#10 The Best Online MBA Degree Programs in 2024 Ranked for Students
#10 Best Data Science Online Master’s Programs
#12 Top 20 Easiest Online Degrees from Accredited Schools in 2024
#12 Most Affordable Online Sociology Doctorate Programs (PhDs)
#14 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
#14 Best Online Master's in Management
#16 Best Online Master's Programs 2024
#16 Best Online Master’s in Engineering
#18 Best Online Master's in Social Work MSW
#1 10 Best Accelerated Online PhD Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
#9 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at University of Missouri

University of Missouri’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Mathematics
Tennessee Williams
Barbara McClintock
Harlow Shapley
David McClelland
Richard Matheson
Eugenie Scott
Suisheng Zhao
Robert W. McChesney
Charles Stark Draper
William Manchester
Margaret Weis

Are looking for lots of options. With more than 300 degree programs, University of Missouri is excellent for students with an undeclared major.

Don’t wish to live on a large campus. Students at University of Missouri note that many classes take place in large lecture halls.

University of Alabama

#1 Best Research Universities in Alabama 2024
#1 Best Public Colleges in Alabama 2024
#10 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
#11 Best Research Universities for Criminal Justice Degrees
#25 Best Research Universities for Nursing Degrees
#1 Best Online Bachelor's in Human Development Degree Programs for 2024
#1 Best Online Bachelor’s in Marketing and Advertising Degree Programs for 2024
#1 Best Online MBA Programs in Alabama
#1 Top 10 Best Online Communications PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
#1 Best Online Colleges in Alabama 2024
#1 Best Online Master’s in Educational Administration
#1 Best Online Master's Programs in Alabama 2024
#2 Best Online Bachelor's in Accounting 2025
#2 Best Online Master's in Kinesiology Degree Programs
#2 Best Online Master's in Hospitality and Tourism Degree Programs
#2 Best Online Master’s in Health Science
#2 Best Online Master’s in Counseling
#2 Best Online Bachelor's in Hospitality and Tourism Degree Programs for 2024
#2 Best Online Bachelor’s in Child Development Degree Programs for 2024
#3 Best Online Bachelor's in Interdisciplinary Studies Degree Programs for 2024
#3 Best Online Master's in Organizational Leadership
#4 Best Online Bachelor’s of Early Childhood Education Degree Programs for 2025
#4 Best Online Bachelor's in Public Health Degree Programs for Students
#6 Best Online Bachelor’s in Business Administration Degree Programs
#6 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024
#6 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students
#6 Best Online Master's in Marketing and Advertising
#6 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
#6 Best Online Master's in Special Education
#8 Best Online Master’s in Communications
#8 Best Online Bachelor's in Criminal Justice
#8 Best Online Master's in Nursing MSN
#11 Best Online Master's in Social Work MSW
#14 Top 20 Best Online MBA Programs that Can Be Completed in One Year 2024
#15 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
#17 Best Online Master’s in Engineering
#21 Best Online Master's in Management
#21 Best Online Master's Programs 2024
#11 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at University of Alabama

University of Alabama’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Edward O. Wilson
Timothy Leary
Bernie Madoff
Nathan Jacobson
John Ridley Stroop
George W. Snedecor
Mohammad Ataul Karim

Enjoy a strong athletics program. The University of Alabama Crimson Tide enjoy a heated cross-state rivalry with the Tigers of Auburn University.

Prefer a more intimate learning environment. University of Alabama is noted for the size of its student body, the scope of its academic offerings, and the expansiveness of its campus facilities.

University of Kentucky

#1 Best Colleges in Kentucky 2024
#1 Best Public Colleges in Kentucky 2024
#1 Best Research Universities in Kentucky 2024
#1 Best Online Master's in Kinesiology Degree Programs
#1 Best Online MBA Programs in Kentucky
#1 Best Online Master's Programs in Kentucky 2024
#1 Best Online Colleges in Kentucky 2024
#2 Best Online Master's in Art Education and Art Administration
#3 Top 7 Best Online Social Work PhDs (DSW Programs) 2024
#4 Best Online Bachelor's in Social Work Degree Programs Ranked for 2025
#4 Best Online Bachelor’s in Liberal Arts and Humanities Degree Programs for 2024
#5 Best Online Master’s in Sustainability and Green Technologies
#5 Best Online Master’s in Counseling
#5 Best Online Master’s in Education
#6 Best Online Bachelor’s of Communications Degree Programs for 2025
#7 Best Online Bachelor’s in Business Administration Degree Programs
#7 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024
#7 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Doctorate of Education (PhDs)
#8 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students
#8 Best Online Master's in Special Education
#8 Best Online Master’s in Finance
#9 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
#11 Best Online Master’s in Communications
#13 Best Online Master's in Social Work MSW
#15 The Best Online MBA Degree Programs in 2024 Ranked for Students
#15 Top 15 Most Affordable Online Social Work PhDs (Doctorates)
#15 Best Online Master’s in Engineering
#16 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
#23 Best Online Master's in Management

Career Outlook for degree at University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Thomas Hunt Morgan
Joe Nickell
Wendell Berry
William M. Bass
Scott Pruitt
Story Musgrave
William Lipscomb
James C. Klotter
Walter Hooper
David Schweickart
Mitch McConnell

Are looking to get involved. Students who attend the University of Kentucky praise the extremely wide variety of clubs, activities, and on-campus events.

Are looking for a quiet, intimate campus. Students note that Greek life and sporting events are a major part of the culture at this large institution.

Baylor University

#2 Best Christian Colleges in Texas 2024
#3 Best Private Colleges in Texas 2024
#4 The Most Influential Universities and Colleges Ranked by State 2024
#6 Best Grad Schools In Texas 2025
#6 Best Research Universities in Texas 2024
#6 Best Colleges in Texas 2024
#11 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
#1 Best Online MBA Programs in Texas
#2 11 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Speech Pathology
#2 Best Online Doctorate in Organizational Leadership Degree Programs
#3 Best Online Christian Colleges and Universities for Master's Degrees
#5 Top 7 Best Online Social Work PhDs (DSW Programs) 2024
#5 Best Online MBA in Marketing Degree Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
#5 Best Online Master's in Cybersecurity
#6 Best Online Master's Programs in Texas 2024
#7 20 Best Online Master's of Speech Pathology Degree Programs
#8 Best Online Master's in Marketing and Advertising
#8 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
#8 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Doctorate of Education (PhDs)
#13 Best Online Master’s in Communications
#16 Best Online Master's in Social Work MSW
#16 Best Online MBA Degree Programs for 2024 with No GMAT Required
#17 The Best Online MBA Degree Programs in 2024 Ranked for Students
#17 Top 20 Best Online MBA Programs that Can Be Completed in One Year 2024
#18 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
#19 Fastest Online Doctoral Degree Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
#5 Fastest Accelerated Online Bachelor's of Nursing Degree Programs 2024
#12 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at Baylor University

Baylor University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Religious Studies
Dallas Willard
Miguel A. De La Torre
Norman Shumway
Gary W. Keller
Jeff Dunham
Benjamin Ladner
Peter A. McCullough
James R. Heath
Steven C. Currall
H. Bentley Glass

Are seeking a beautiful campus with thoughtful architecture. Students describe Baylor’s main campus as warm and welcoming.

Have financial constraints. Baylor University is a comparatively costly private institution.

Clemson University

#2 Best Research Universities in South Carolina 2024
#2 Best Public Colleges in South Carolina 2024
#1 Best Online MBA Programs in South Carolina
#2 Best Online Master's Programs in South Carolina 2024
#2 Best Online Colleges in South Carolina 2024
#2 Most Unusual Doctoral Degrees You Can Earn Online (PhDs)
#4 Best Online Master’s in Emergency Management
#4 Top 10 Best Online Communications PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
#4 Best Online Master's in Biology
#8 Best Online Master’s in Human Resources
#9 Best Online Master’s in Sustainability and Green Technologies
#11 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
#16 Fastest Online Bachelor's Degrees Ranked for 2025
#18 Best Data Science Online Master’s Programs
#18 Best Online Master's in Special Education
#20 Fastest Online Doctoral Degree Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
#24 Best Online Master’s in Engineering

Career Outlook for degree at Clemson University

Clemson University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

James Dickey
Strom Thurmond
John Edwards
Jo Jorgensen
Anthony Bradley
James F. Byrnes
Warren E. Dixon
Dolph Lundgren
Thomas Naylor
Horace Grant
Dwight Clark
Deshaun Watson

Enjoy college athletics. Clemson’s Tigers enjoy an enormous cultural presence both on campus and in the surrounding region.

Are looking for a college in a lively area. Clemson is located in the foothills of the picturesque Blue Ridge Mountains, but this also means that the university is a two hour drive from the nearest city.

Loyola University Chicago

#4 Best Private Colleges in Illinois 2024
#6 Best Colleges in Illinois 2024
#6 Best Research Universities in Illinois 2024
#6 Best Grad Schools Illinois 2025
#16 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
#1 The Best Online Christian Colleges and Universities for Bachelor's Degrees
#1 Best Online Master's Programs in Illinois 2024
#2 Best Online Master's in Healthcare Administration
#2 Best Online Colleges in Illinois 2024
#3 Best Online Bachelor's in Law and Legal Studies Degree Programs for 2024
#3 Best Accredited Online Juris Doctorate (JD) Law Programs
#4 Best Online Christian Colleges and Universities for Master's Degrees
#4 Best Online Bachelor's in Psychology Degree Programs for Students
#5 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Information Technology
#5 Best Online Master's in Nursing MSN
#7 Best Online Bachelor’s in Information Technology Degree Programs for 2024
#8 Best Online Master's in Social Work MSW
#9 Best Online Bachelor’s of Communications Degree Programs for 2025
#9 Fastest Online Associate Degrees Ranked for 2024
#10 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
#12 Best Online Master’s in Information Technology
#14 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024

Career Outlook for degree at Loyola University Chicago

Loyola University Chicago’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Marsha M. Linehan
Norman Geisler
Sandra Cisneros
Levi Bryant
Stuart Dybek
Alphonso Lingis
Shalanda Young
Joseph Fitzmyer
Wilton Daniel Gregory
Fabian Udekwu
Bob Newhart
John Hardon

Wish to attend a college immersed in the bustling metropolitan city of Chicago.

Have financial constraints. Students at Loyola note that even with the school’s often generous financial aid packages and scholarships, the high cost of tuition and the high cost of living can be challenging.

University of Arkansas

#1 Best Public Colleges in Arkansas 2024
#1 Best Research Universities in Arkansas 2024
#1 Best Online Colleges in Arkansas 2024
#1 Best Online MBA Programs in Arkansas
#1 Best Online Master's Programs in Arkansas 2024
#1 Best Online Associate Degrees in Arkansas 2024
#1 Best Online Six Sigma Certification
#2 Best Online Master’s in Human Resources
#2 Fastest Accelerated Online Doctorate of Information Technology
#3 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Bachelor's of Nursing Degree Programs
#3 Best Online Master's in Agriculture and Agribusiness Degree Programs
#4 Best Online Bachelor's in Human Development Degree Programs for 2024
#4 Best Online Bachelor's in Interdisciplinary Studies Degree Programs for 2024
#5 Best Online Bachelor's in Accounting 2025
#5 Best Online Bachelor’s in Business Administration Degree Programs
#5 Best Online Bachelor’s of Education Degree Programs for 2024
#8 Best Online Master’s in Engineering Management
#9 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024
#9 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Doctorate of Education (PhDs)
#10 Best Online Master's in Nursing MSN
#10 Best Online Master's in Special Education
#10 Best RN to BSN Online
#11 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students
#11 Best Online Master’s in Education
#13 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
#19 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
#22 Best Online Master’s in Engineering
#24 Best Online Master's in Management

Career Outlook for degree at University of Arkansas

University of Arkansas’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Joycelyn Elders
Edward Durell Stone
Nic Pizzolatto
Michael Dertouzos
Lucinda Roy
Vince Foster
Rodney E. Slater
Samuel Totten
W. T. Martin
Barry Hannah
Barry Switzer
Sarah Caldwell

Are interested in a highly social campus with affordable in-state tuition. Students note that the university offers a welcoming campus culture with a wide range of clubs and activities to choose from.

Don’t enjoy a good walk. Students at University of Arkansas point out that the campus is actually quite hilly, which can make getting around a bit more challenging at times.

University of Nebraska–Lincoln

#1 Most Affordable Colleges in Nebraska 2024
#1 Best Research Universities in Nebraska 2024
#1 Best Online MBA Programs in Nebraska
#1 Best Online Colleges in Nebraska 2024
#1 Best Online Master's Programs in Nebraska 2024
#1 Best Online Bachelor's of Cybersecurity Degree Programs in Nebraska
#2 Best Online Bachelor’s of History Degree Programs Ranked for 2025
#2 Best Online Bachelor's in Organizational Leadership Degree Programs
#2 Best Online MBA Programs in Wyoming
#3 Best Online Bachelor's in Cybersecurity in Wyoming
#3 Best Online MBAs in Finance
#3 Best Online Master's in English
#4 Best Online Master's in Art Education and Art Administration
#4 Best Online Master's in Organizational Leadership
#5 Best Online Master's in Behavior Analysis Degree Programs
#5 Best Online Bachelor's in Sociology Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
#5 Best Online MBA in Supply Chain Management Ranked for Students in 2024
#6 Best Online Master's in Agriculture and Agribusiness Degree Programs
#6 Best Online Bachelor’s of Early Childhood Education Degree Programs for 2025
#6 Best Online MBA in Business Analytics Ranked for Students in 2024
#8 Best Online Master’s in Educational Administration
#9 Best Online Master's in Marketing and Advertising
#9 Best Online MBA in Marketing Degree Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
#10 Best Online Master’s in Finance
#13 Best Online Master’s in Emergency Management
#15 Best Online Master’s in Communications
#15 Best Online Master’s in Engineering Management
#16 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
#20 The Best Online MBA Degree Programs in 2024 Ranked for Students
#22 Best Online MBA Degree Programs for 2024 with No GMAT Required
#24 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students

Career Outlook for degree at University of Nebraska–Lincoln

University of Nebraska–Lincoln’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

John J. Pershing
Johnny Carson
Richard Hamming
Norman Malcolm
Jay Wright Forrester
Roscoe Pound
George Beadle
Donald J. Cram
Willa Cather
Alan J. Heeger
Gene Okerlund
J. P. Guilford

Enjoy an excellent college sports tradition. The school’s Cornhuskers compete in the Big Ten Conference and the men’s football team claims five national titles.

Are seeking an intimate campus experience. With more than 19,000 undergraduates, and roughly 5000 graduate students, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln is organized into nine separate colleges across three campuses.

Florida International University

#6 Best Grad Schools in Florida 2024
#6 Best Research Universities in Florida 2024
#16 Best Research Universities for Criminal Justice Degrees
#23 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
#1 Best Online Bachelor’s in Public Administration Degree Programs for 2025
#1 Most Affordable Early Childhood Education Bachelor's (Online, On-Campus)
#1 Top 20 Most Affordable Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Programs
#1 Best Online Bachelor's of Finance Degree Programs for 2024
#2 Best Online Bachelor’s of Gender Studies Degree Programs for 2024
#2 Best Online Bachelor’s in Marketing and Advertising Degree Programs for 2024
#2 Best Online Bachelor's in Religious Studies Degree Programs for 2024
#2 Top 5 Best Online Criminal Justice Doctorates (PhDs) 2024
#2 Best Online Master’s in Forensics Degree Programs
#3 Best Online Bachelor’s of History Degree Programs Ranked for 2025
#3 Best Online Bachelor's in Sports Management Degree Programs for 2025
#3 Best Online Bachelor's in Sociology Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
#3 Most Affordable Online Master's of Music Education Programs
#3 Top 15 Most Affordable Online Information Technology PhD Programs
#3 Best Online Bachelor’s of Electrical and Computer Engineering Degree Programs for 2024
#4 Best Online Degrees for a Career in Teaching Ranked 2024
#4 Best Online MBA Programs in Florida
#4 Most Affordable Online Criminology Doctorate Programs (PhDs)
#4 Best Online Colleges in Florida 2024
#4 Most Affordable Online PhDs in Psychology Ranked for 2024
#4 Best Online Bachelor’s in Information Technology Degree Programs for 2024
#5 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Business Administration Doctorates
#5 Best Online Master's Programs in Florida 2024
#5 Best Online Master’s in Health Science
#5 Best Online Bachelor's in Hospitality and Tourism Degree Programs for 2024
#6 Best Online Bachelor's in Organizational Leadership Degree Programs
#6 Best Online Master's in Art Education and Art Administration
#6 Best Online Bachelor's in Computer Science Degree Programs
#7 The Most Affordable Online Clinical Nutrition Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
#7 Best Online Master's in Hospitality and Tourism Degree Programs
#7 Best Online Master's in Public Administration Degree Programs
#8 Best Online Bachelor’s of Early Childhood Education Degree Programs for 2025
#8 Best Online Bachelor's in Interdisciplinary Studies Degree Programs for 2024
#8 Best Online Master's in Cybersecurity
#9 10 Best Online Master's of Music Education Degree Programs
#9 Best Online Bachelor's in Criminal Justice
#9 Best Online Master’s in Human Resources
#11 Best Online Bachelor’s of Communications Degree Programs for 2025
#11 Best Online Master’s in Health Informatics
#12 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
#12 Best Online Master’s in Engineering Management
#13 Best Online Bachelor’s in Business Administration Degree Programs
#14 Best Online Master's in Marketing and Advertising
#14 Best Online Master's in Criminal Justice
#14 Best Online Bachelor's in Psychology Degree Programs for Students
#15 Most Affordable Online Criminal Justice PhDs (Doctorates)
#16 Best Online Master's in Special Education
#17 Best Online Master’s in Communications
#23 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024
#25 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
#13 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at Florida International University

Florida International University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Carmen Reinhart
Andy García
Mike Lowell
Richard Blanco
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen
James F. O'Brien
Christopher Ferguson
Carlos Arroyo
Norma M. Riccucci
Irma Becerra Fernandez
Dale Schilly

Like to get the best bang for their buck. FIU ranks tops in the state for “performance funding.”

Prefer a small campus and an intimate learning experience.

Texas Christian University

#22 Best Research Universities for Criminal Justice Degrees
#4 Best Online Colleges in Texas 2024
#8 Best Online Christian Colleges and Universities for Master's Degrees
#11 Best Online Master's Programs in Texas 2024
#15 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
#17 Fastest Online Bachelor's Degrees Ranked for 2025
#21 Best Online Master's in Nursing MSN
#25 Best Online Master's in Criminal Justice
#15 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at Texas Christian University

Texas Christian University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Cleanth Brooks
John Walvoord
Joe B. Wyatt
JoAnne Yates
LaDainian Tomlinson
Dave Hickey
Paul W. Schroeder
Bill Curtis
Swanee Hunt
Dale Martin
Luke Wilson

Are hoping to get involved with Greek Life. Students note that sororities and fraternities play a big role in shaping campus culture at TCU.

Have financial constraints. Students at the private institution note that tuition is high and rising at TCU. This can place an education at TCU out of reach for some candidates.

Duquesne University

#9 Best Grad Schools in Pennsylvania 2025
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Career Outlook for degree at Duquesne University

Duquesne University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Michael Hayden
Derrick Bell
Richard E. Nisbett
Thomas L. Thompson
George Yancy
Daniel A. Helminiak
Thomas Hopko
Samuel John Hazo
Jerome Loving
George Delahunty
John Clayton

Enjoy small classes and one-on-one engagement from professors. Students note that Duquesne offers the balance of an intimate campus in an urban environment.

Do not align with the Catholic tradition of faith. Some students note that the culture, rules, and academics reflect a Catholic affiliation.

Texas Tech University

#7 Best Colleges in Texas 2024
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Career Outlook for degree at Texas Tech University

Texas Tech University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

John Hinckley Jr.
Arati Prabhakar
James T. Richardson
Mica Endsley
Carolyn Eisele
Paul E. Gray
Guy McPherson
John Denver
Manuel H. Johnson
M. David Rudd

Like a college with strong school spirit. Students repeatedly note that the school spirit is a major feature of campus life, which can make Texas Tech feel like one big community.

Are looking for a small campus. Like a lot of other things in Texas, Texas Tech is a sprawling campus. Students note that the sheer distance of walking between classes can sometimes be exhausting.

Virginia Commonwealth University

#5 Best Colleges in Virginia 2024
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#3 Best Online Master’s in Emergency Management
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#5 Best Online Master's in Social Work MSW
#7 Best Online Master’s in Counseling
#13 Best Online Master's in Special Education
#14 Best Online Master’s in Education

Career Outlook for degree at Virginia Commonwealth University

Virginia Commonwealth University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Tom Robbins
Charles Vess
David Baldacci
Marcus Rediker
Emmet Gowin
Sheri Reynolds
Marilyn Tavenner
Philip B. Meggs
Robert Q. Marston
Sudhir Srivastava
Jack Trammell

Are seeking a culturally enriching campus experience. Students describe VCU as a community that embraces the arts, activism, and diversity.

Are seeking a more enveloping campus. VCU is situated in the city of Richmond, which can make the campus feel less immersive.

University of Alabama at Birmingham

#4 Best Grad Schools in Alabama 2024
#4 Alabama's Best Colleges and Universities Ranked for Undergrads in 2024
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Career Outlook for degree at University of Alabama at Birmingham

University of Alabama at Birmingham’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Rebecca Bace
Ray L. Watts
Eli Capilouto
Lawrence J. DeLucas
Hadiyah-Nicole Green
Graeme McDowell
David B. Allison
Clancy Blair
Bruce R. Korf
Selwyn M. Vickers
Ricardo Azziz
Jason Aaron

Want balance between big city life and a small town feel. Students describe the campus and surrounding Birmingham as offering a safe community in a vibrant urban setting.

Are seeking a broad selection of on-campus activities. Some students describe options as limited in this area.

University of Massachusetts Lowell

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#1 Fastest Online Associate's of Business Degree Programs Ranked 2024
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Career Outlook for degree at University of Massachusetts Lowell

University of Massachusetts Lowell’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

Corey Lewandowski
Eric Chaisson
Roger Cressey
Arthur G. Hunt
Craig MacTavish
Holly Yanco
Raymond J. McNulty
Dwayne Roloson
George Chigas
Marty Meehan
John Traphagan

Are looking to get involved in campus life. Students note that there are many clubs and activities to choose from and that the campus is both welcoming and social.

Plan to commute to campus by car. Students routinely voice concerns over the lack of convenient parking and the limitations of on-campus transportation.

Nova Southeastern University

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#15 Best Online Master’s in Counseling
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#7 10 Best Accelerated Online PhD Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
#16 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Nursing Degree Programs 2024

Career Outlook for degree at Nova Southeastern University

Nova Southeastern University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

John E. Douglas
Megan Squire
Tyler Cymet
Charles Morin
Andia Chaves Fonnegra
Laurie J. Patterson

Are still deciding on their discipline. Nova Southeastern offers more than 150 graduate and undergraduate degrees across 14 colleges.

Have financial constraints. Some students note that even with financial aid, the cost of attendance remains comparatively high.

PhD by Publication – Explained
Types of Doctorates

Introduction

Obtaining a PhD by publication is relatively uncommon in higher education. It can, however, be especially useful for established researchers who have published work but don’t yet have a PhD. This article gives information on exactly what a PhD by publication is, how it works and what the advantages and disadvantages are. Read on to learn more.

What is a PhD by Publication?

A PhD by publication is a doctoral degree awarded to a person who has several peer-reviewed publications that have been put together as separate ‘chapters’, contributing to a unified research theme within a specific field.

This format typically consists of a significant introductory chapter, up to 10,000 words, similar to a traditional thesis, followed by around five published research papers and a final chapter to bring things to a conclusion. Although these papers will be separate bodies of work, it’s important that they’re connected along one research theme.

This route to PhD can be attractive to researchers that have published a lot in their academic career but have not followed the traditional PhD path. It helps them gain recognition for their contributions to their research field and recognition that the work they have done has been of a doctoral level without having to write a separate PhD thesis.

A PhD by publication is awarded following a viva (also known as an oral examination) with examiners, similar to the process of a traditional PhD.

What are the Advantages?

A clear advantage of a PhD by publication is that you’re submitting a portfolio of work that has already gone through extensive peer review. This means that by the time you come to defend your work at a viva, it’s much easier. For example, the questions your examiners may ask you could be very similar to the questions you were asked by your reviewers during your paper publication phase and so you will already have prepared suitable responses to these.

Another advantage of this route is that it’s a much quicker way of obtaining a PhD degree; traditional PhD programmes take between three and four years from registration to completion whereas you can get a PhD by publication within one year of registration with the University, assuming that you enrol on this degree having already published all the papers that you will include in your portfolio of work. The shorter duration means that you often will only have to pay for one year of University fees, meaning that this approach is cheaper than a traditional method. It’s often possible that you can work any part-time job alongside preparing your publication portfolio for viva examination submission.

What are the Disadvantages?

Not all research fields or questions are suitable for a PhD by publication. In some cases, it may be necessary to design, set up and run a new PhD project in the field, recording the generation of further data. Additionally, it may be difficult to expand upon your previous publications and explore different research ideas as you put together your portfolio of papers. As this approach is a relatively uncommon way to get a PhD, some institutions may be unfamiliar or not set up to facilitate a PhD by publication. While the final viva examination will be the same as that in a traditional PhD, there is always the risk that some examiners may not see this publication route as being a ‘real’ PhD.

You’re also likely to miss out on some other aspects of PhD life by going down the publication route, including opportunities to teach or supervise undergraduate students and the experience of working within a research lab alongside other PhD students.

How Long Does a PhD by Publication Take?

You should expect a PhD by publication to take six months to one year to obtain from your point of registration with a UK University. This is on the basis that you have already published work for all the material that you would plan to include within your PhD portfolio, or that it is currently going through the review process. This approach is shorter than pursuing a traditional PhD, which typically takes between three and four years as a full-time student.

What is the Application Process?

You apply using the standard process required by the university to enrol, in the same way as the traditional route of a PhD. In addition, however, you will be asked to submit a portfolio of your prior publication track record and a supporting statement outlining the work of these existing publications, detailing how they tell a coherent story with the relevant subject area you’re applying to. You won’t need to submit a formal PhD research proposal as most, if not all, of the research should already have been completed.

Do you have Supervision?

Yes, in the same way that a traditional PhD student will have a primary supervisor to oversee your project. The role of the supervisor will be to help you establish a clear narrative for the theme you’re putting together of your publications, offering critical appraisal where necessary.

He or she will advise you on how to structure the introductory and concluding bodies of work that are required before you submit your portfolio for external examination and viva. Remember that the supervisor is there to advise and not tell you how to structure your dissertation; this is the same for any research student doing a standard PhD.

With this researcher-supervisor relationship, your options may be open in terms of whether you need to be based at the University in person or if you choose to work remotely as a distance learning student, communicating with your supervisor over email or video calls.

How does Assessment Work?

The body of work that you submit will be read and assessed by two examiners that are experts within your subject area of research. This will be followed by the viva examination with the two examiners, in line with the conventional PhD approach. To be awarded this research degree you will need to demonstrate that your work has made an original contribution to furthering the subject knowledge within your field.

Finding a PhD has never been this easy – search for a PhD by keyword, location or academic area of interest.

How Much Does It Cost?

As a PhD by publication usually takes about a year to complete, most universities typically charge a fee equivalent to one year of PhD study. The exact amount will vary depending on the University, but usually, the tuition fee will be around £4,500 for one year for UK and EU students, and considerably more if you are an international student. It’s challenging to secure funding for these types of PhD degrees and you will find that you’re unlikely to be eligible for financial support from research councils or other routes of funding.

What Kind of Publications Can I use in my Portfolio?

Universities will have specific guidance about factors such as how many publications you can include in your portfolio and there may be some restrictions on when they should have been published. Typically, you will include 5 publications in your submission to your PhD examiners, but this can in some circumstances be as low as 3 or 4 or as high as 10 separate papers. Most often these will be in the form of journal articles accepted by peer reviewed journals but can also include published book chapters, scientific or technical reports that have been published or other forms of publication that have gone through a level of peer review.

A PhD by publication is a good way for you to graduate with a doctorate if you enter this research programme having already published several academic papers on a single research theme. You need to demonstrate that you have made a significant contribution to your field through previous research. At this stage it is likely to be the cheapest and fastest route to gaining a PhD. However, applicants should be mindful when they apply that it may be challenging to secure funding for this.

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PhD by Distance

Become world-ready, from wherever you are in the world, with a UTS PhD by distance mode.

If your research is based internationally but you want access to UTS's world-leading researchers and reputation, you've been required to complete a PhD for your career but you don't want to relocate, or you want to expand your global networks to create real-world research impact, the PhD by distance mode might be right for you.

A UTS PhD by distance mode empowers you to develop your future as a researcher in a global context —all without applying for a visa or subletting your apartment.

What you can expect

full enrolment as a PhD student at UTS
supervision and mentorship from a panel of experts
administrative support and guidance from your faculty
PhD from a Top 100 global university
access to UTS online facilities and resources
high-quality research training and professional skills development

Study requirements

The study expectations of PhD by distance mode students are the same as on-campus students. This means that you will:

need to meet the same admissions requirements , including English-language proficiency
be supported by a panel of supervisors
complete any mandatory coursework
go through the same candidature stage assessments as other PhDs from your faculty
be subject to the same student rules that govern PhD study at UTS
have the same expected timelines for your study as other PhD students
be liable for the same course fees as other international students unless you are assessed as eligible for a tuition fee scholarship

Support and development

As a fully-enrolled UTS student, you’ll have access to a variety of forms of support for your research, your professional development as a researcher, and your own health and wellbeing, including:

UTS Library’s extensive digital catalogue and one-on-one researcher support
online skills development workshops and training modules, including in areas like research writing, software training, and project management
personalised advice from UTS Careers and access to online resources
inclusion in the online research student Teams channel

Find more information about the support available to you as a distance mode PhD student (PDF, 0.8MB). Please note that not all benefits available to on-campus students exist in digital form or translate to distance study.

Find out more: Distance mode is available for international students. Read all admissions requirements → There are scholarships that can help with fees. Find out more about the costs of a PhD by distance → Ready for the next steps? Explore the application process →

UTS acknowledges the Gadigal people of the Eora Nation, the Boorooberongal people of the Dharug Nation, the Bidiagal people and the Gamaygal people, upon whose ancestral lands our university stands. We would also like to pay respect to the Elders both past and present, acknowledging them as the traditional custodians of knowledge for these lands.

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PhD by Distance

Our PhD by Distance programme allows you to benefit from our world-class support and the expertise of a Reading-based supervisor, while conducting your research in a location that suits your circumstances.

The programme is available to candidates who need to study for most of their registration period at another site, whether in the UK, or worldwide. Acceptance for PhD by Distance is subject to the approval of the supervisors and the relevant school or department.

There are several reasons why you may wish to base yourself away from the University of Reading while undertaking your PhD:

You have an extensive fieldwork element to your research
You have responsibilities (e.g. caring or employment) that prevent you from attending on campus
You are already based and/or employed in an environment that is relevant and conducive to their research
You do not reside within travelling distance of the University
You are based in a UK research organisation/institution with a collaborative agreement with the University of Reading in place

What the programme offers

On the PhD by Distance programme, you will benefit from:

the opportunity to study on either a part-time (4-6 years duration) or full-time basis (3-4 years duration)
supervision from one or more leading University of Reading academics, working at the forefront of their field
access to a range of high-quality training, delivered on campus or online (see section below on Training)
access to extensive online Library resources
a PhD qualification which is delivered and examined at the same high academic standard as a campus-based PhD and a standard PhD degree certificate which does not state the mode of study on it.

Training for PhD by Distance students

The doctoral and researcher college provides a suite of generic researcher training open to all doctoral researchers at reading; this complements subject-specific training available via schools. the specific content of the programme changes from year to year but broadly includes the following: .

Live online training (available off-campus) – A selection of our training sessions in the Reading Researcher Development Programme (RRDP) are delivered live online each year. UK time zone applies
Recorded tutorials (available off-campus) – A small but growing selection of recorded tutorials on key topics such as managing data, academic English and research funding
Face-to-face training (available on campus only) - Other RRDP training sessions and selected longer programmes are offered face-to-face only. Students registered By Distance have access to face-to-face training when physically present on campus.

By Distance study entails reduced access to training opportunities and on-campus experience. By Distance candidates are encouraged to discuss and mutually agree overall training plans with their supervisor and seek supplementary training external to Reading (e.g. via an employer or nearby institution) as appropriate.

Induction and physical attendance

A University-wide induction event is held by the Doctoral and Researcher College near the start of each term for all new doctoral researchers. PhD by Distance students studying at Reading in the first term are expected to attend. Where it is not possible for PhD by Distance students to attend in person (i.e. they are not on campus), a recording of the induction will be made available on the virtual learning environment.

Students registered By Distance will benefit from being physically present on campus for periods of time, for instance to attend induction and selected training, to meet their supervisor and peers, and to attend at key points such as Confirmation of Registration. It is strongly recommended that the first month of their programme be spent on campus.

Eligibility

You must meet the following criteria:

Satisfy the academic and English language entry requirements for PhD study
The candidate has a research project which can be undertaken successfully by distance; regular access to campus should not be essential for successful completion of the research
The candidate must be able to demonstrate that they have the time to undertake a PhD on the selected mode (full-time or part-time). Part-time doctoral study at Reading typically equates to between 50% and 60% of full-time
The candidate has independent access to the resources needed to successfully complete their research; this will vary between candidates and projects but may include access to archives, facilities, data collection, digital infrastructure or space in their off-campus location
The candidate is well motivated to work alone; they understand that By Distance registration is not an online learning programme and has reduced access to campus training
The candidate and School/Department have discussed the suitability of their research project and personal circumstances for study by distance
The candidate, where appropriate, has access to support from a local supervisor or mentor with experience in the academic field and also of supporting students or equivalent researchers. Advisors/mentors may be appointed to provide a regular point of contact, and are normally in a position to act as an ‘advocate’ and provide pastoral care if needed.
Will study at least two-thirds of your minimum registration period off campus

If you are intending to study in the Henley Business School, then please check with the relevant Department within the Business School about whether PhD by Distance is available before you apply.

A PhD by Distance is not suitable for all candidates. In offering a PhD By Distance programme specific consideration is given to the suitability of the research project, and whether it can be completed successfully without regular access to campus. Further consideration is given to areas of supervision, support, transferable and subject-specific skills training, research environment , progression milestones and the examination process in order to ensure off campus research students receive a comparable (although, not similar) experience to on campus students registered on ‘standard’ PhD programmes.

Fees for PhD by Distance programmes can be found on the fees webpage

How to apply

Before starting your application, you are strongly advised to navigate to the PhD webpages of your chosen school or department to read the specific guidance on how to apply, as the requirements can vary. Once you have read the guidance, you will need to make a formal application through the University's online application system , highlighting that you wish to study for a PhD by Distance (full or part-time). If you have questions about PhD by Distance in a specific school or department, then please contact the relevant School/Department PGR Administrator in the School PGR Support Team .

Immigration considerations for international students

PhD by Distance students must ensure that when visiting the University that they obtain the correct visa. The correct type of visa depends upon the period of time which a student intends to spend physically at the University.

PhD by Distance students can visit the University for up to six months within each academic year with a maximum of eighteen months in total for the duration of their programme. Students must discuss their intentions with the Doctoral Research Office (DRO) well in advance of any planned visit to the University. The DRO is well-placed to provide information on a range of immigration-related matters related to Postgraduate Research Programmes [email protected]

Examination

The normal expectation is that the viva of a PhD by Distance student will take place in Reading. Where this is not feasible, online examinations will be arranged.

Further information

Further information on PhD by Distance study can be found in the University's guidance on PhD by Distance .

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5 routes to getting a Doctorate

While most of those studying for a PhD take the PhD by thesis pathway, there are five viable routes to achieving a Doctorate, with both full-time and part-time options available

PhD by thesis

This is the most common means of getting a Doctorate. Over the three or four years of research at university, your PhD supervisor will support you as you aim to produce a thesis based on your research proposal .

A thesis is typically 60,000-90,000 words in length - although this can vary between institutions. For instance, the University of Glasgow's College of Social Sciences expects a thesis to be 70,000 to 100,000 words including references, bibliography and appendices, while the University of Cambridge has set an upper limit of 80,000 words.

Once completed, you'll need to defend your PhD thesis in front of a panel of examiners during your viva voce .

Doctorate by publication

This route involves submitting previously published work - such as books, book chapters and journal articles, which together form a coherent body of work and show evidence of an original contribution to a particular field of study.

The PhD by publication route is often taken by mid-career academics that haven't had the opportunity to undertake a standard Doctorate degree.

Generally, a minimum of five to eight published pieces are required, but this varies between institutions and depends on their length. The published work will be assessed to the same rigorous standards as a traditional PhD by thesis.

You must also provide a written supporting statement, which typically ranges from 5,000 to 15,000 words.

For instance, the University of Westminster asks for a commentary of 5,000 words (science and technology subjects) or 10,000 words (arts, social sciences and humanities). On the other hand, Queen Margaret University Edinburgh requires 12,000 to 15,000 words on the rationale and theoretical context for the portfolio of published work.

The work will then be presented to an academic committee. A supervisor will assist you with selecting which publications to submit, as well as guidance on the supporting statement.

Some universities accept only their own graduates for a PhD by publication, while others restrict this route to their academic staff. In general, you should have graduated from your first degree at least seven years ago to be eligible.

For example, The University of Manchester has published its own Guidance for the PhD By Published Work , with eligibility only extending to current members of staff.

Professional Doctorate

This type of Doctorate includes a significant taught component and a smaller research project, and is geared primarily towards current professionals in vocational sectors such as:

engineering and manufacturing
teaching and education .

Professional Doctorates are often taken on a part-time basis and can last between two and eight years. Like their standard PhD counterparts, they usually begin in October or January.

While you won't typically be looking to get an academic job , your research is expected to contribute to theory as well as professional practice. Projects often revolve around a real-life issue that affects your employer.

Several professional Doctorates, such as the Doctorate in Clinical Psychology (DClinPsy), are accredited by a professional body - for instance, the Health & Care Professions Council (HCPC) and The British Psychological Society (BPS) - and may also lead to a professional qualification .

Common titles for graduates of professional Doctorate degrees include:

Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)
Doctor of Education (EdD)
Doctor of Engineering (EngD)
Doctor of Medicine (MD).

Unlike many professional Doctorates, the EngD is typically offered as a full-time course and is aimed at young engineering graduates with little or no professional experience.

Integrated PhD

This four-year qualification, also known as the New Route PhD, involves studying a one-year research Masters degree (MRes) before progressing onto a three-year PhD.

Offered by a select number of universities across the UK, integrated PhDs are supported by the government and the British Council through UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) .

Visit Research Council funding for further information on research and funding for different types of PhD.

The integrated PhD involves a combination of taught materials, practical experience and advanced research. This allows you to learn subject-specific methodologies, while building the transferable skills that will enable you to become a leader in your chosen profession.

Institutions can also develop personalised integrated PhD programmes to meet each student's needs. For example, universities may offer you the opportunity to gain a postgraduate certificate (PGCert) in Learning and Teaching in Higher Education - perfect if you're considering a career as a higher education lecturer .

Online/distance learning PhD

As PhDs are based primarily on independent research rather than time spent in lectures and seminars, distance learning has always been a viable route for many Doctoral students.

PhDs by distance learning offered by course providers such as The Open University are therefore a good option to consider if you've got family or work commitments or are an international student - as this gives you the chance to undertake Doctoral research without having to live close to your chosen institution. It's also a suitable mode of study if your subject requires you to be based in a specific location away from the university.

For the most part, you'll be in touch with your supervisor by phone, email or Skype/Zoom. You'll need to bear in mind that even if you opt for this form of research, you'll generally still need to attend university for one or two weeks of each academic year for meetings and to receive research skills training. Your final exam may be undertaken either face-to-face or virtually.

With online PhDs, you can usually register as a full or part-time student. The level of fees you pay varies between institutions - some charge the same as for a standard PhD while others offer a reduced rate.

Check that any funding you plan to apply for is available to distance learning students, as this isn't always the case.

Search for online/distance learning PhDs .

Find out more

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PhD by publication

PhD awards for published researchers

Explore how you can turn your existing peer reviewed research publications into a PhD qualification

What is a PhD by publication?

A PhD by publication is a postgraduate research degree that's based on research you've already undertaken and had published (excluding self-publishing) before registering with us.

Depending on the subject area, peer reviewed academic papers, complete books, chapters in anthologies, or equivalent materials accepted for publication, exhibited or performed may be eligibl e. You'll have to submit these materials for examination between 6–12 months after registering with us.

These materials will be accompanied by a commentary of 5,000–10,000 words, which outlines your work's coherence, significance and contribution to knowledge, and you'll be examined through an oral defence of your research, known as a viva voce. Applicants must have held a first or higher degree from a UK higher education institute – or a recognised equivalent non-UK degree of the same standard – for at least 5 years.

Once you've been awarded a PhD by publication, you'll be in a great position to move onto further research or to use your new postgraduate qualification to progress your career.

The cost of getting a PhD by publication in most of our subject areas is £4,500 for external candidates – check your research subject area page for more details.

How to apply

To be considered for a PhD by publication, you'll need to have held an undergraduate or postgraduate degree – awarded either by a UK higher education institute or a recognised non-UK equivalent – for at least 5 years.

To apply you'll need:

A CV and the names of two referees
A title of the proposed PhD
A listing of the published work on which the application is based
A statement of not more than 1000 words setting out your view of the nature and significance of the work submitted

Apply from the relevant subject area page .

If your application is successful, you'll need to submit the already-published materials – those that you wish to be considered as part of your PhD by publication award – between 6–12 months after registering with us.

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PhD by Papers

Rather than writing a single book-like thesis examining a single topic, a PhD by Papers gives you the choice of writing a thesis comprising of several separate (though thematically unified) papers, in the style of philosophy journal articles.

Birmingham is one of the first philosophy departments in the UK to offer a PhD by Papers option and, although this style of PhD thesis is very popular at top US departments and offers many advantages for students, it is rare in the UK. The advantages include:

Ideas don’t always come in book-shaped packages. Our PhD by Papers format recognises that, allowing you greater scope to follow your interests
If you would like to become an academic philosopher, you will need to publish in philosophical journals, preferably before finishing your PhD. Our PhD by Papers means your work towards publishable papers is always work towards the PhD thesis, improving your academic job prospects along the way

The Department of Philosophy was ranked 1st in the UK in the Research Excellence Framework exercise 2021 based on Grade Point Average (Times Higher Education).

PHD BY portfolio: If you are a busy executive with no time for studying, THIS is for you

PROGRAMME OVERVIEW

The programme is completed remotely, suitable for hard working executives who cannot afford to take time away from work.

Online delivery

Practical learning, projects, and learning through research.

Flexible programme

All programs are totally flexible and can be started at any time. Work at your own pace.

Support 24/7

Our support team is available every day to make sure that your education runs smoothly.

Course Fees

Application fee : Zero Tuition Fees : € 7,490 per year.

Discounts available for payments made in full prior to commencing the programme.

Teaching methodologies

Assessment and verification.

Accreditation

Accreditation is vital for ensuring our academic excellence and global recognition. SSBR is dedicated to providing high-quality, relevant programmes, particularly our “PhD by Portfolio,” designed for professionals to complete remotely within a year, allowing for academic recognition of their expertise and research.

We hold accreditations from prominent bodies including the Accreditation Service for International Schools, Colleges, and Universities (ASIC), recognised globally and part of networks such as CHEA in the USA and ENQA in Europe. SSBR is also accredited by the International Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education (QAHE), authorised by the Canton of Zurich, and is a certified OTHM learning centre, facilitating further academic and professional recognition.

For a comprehensive list of our accreditations and memberships, please visit our website: SSBR Accreditations and Memberships .

Flexible courses to fit around your busy schedule

What is the structure of the phd by portfolio, course breakdown.

Project 1 – Leadership and Strategic Management

Project 2 – Problem Solving and Decision Making

Project 3 – Specialist Area (Finance, HR, Marketing, Management, Operations, Accounting)

Each project is worth 80 ECTS credits.

WHAT ARE THE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES?

To demonstrate the knowledge of the most advanced frontiers of a field of work
To evidence the most advanced and specialised skills and techniques including synthesis and evaluation, required to solve critical business problems and to extend or redefine professional practice
To develop new ideas or processes at the forefront of work
To deliver substantial authority, innovation, authority and professional integrity

ADMISSIONS REQUIREMENTS

*research material confidentiality.

ALL INFORMATION WILL BE TREATED IN THE STRICTEST CONFIDENCE. Only the researcher involved in the project, their supervisor and head of the research department of SSBR will have access to the information in the research. All information will be stored in compliance with SSBR guidelines. Confidentiality of information provided is subject to legal restrictions. We need to retain your name on this research so we can match this across to other data we have on the students assignments. Data will be kept to provide on-going information on the topic. Publication on any sensitive information will only be done with the full permission of the author and company involved, or the name of the company will not be mentioned. This information will not be used for purposes other than that mentioned, will not be delivered to third parties, in accordance with the data protection principles of the Swiss Data Protection Act 2020 (DPA).

ADMISSIONS 2024

Request information, validity of degrees issued by private institutions in switzerland.

While higher education in Switzerland is primarily dispensed by public institutions, there are also many private ones. In Switzerland no prior authorisation is required in order to offer higher education courses, organise examinations or issue private degrees. In certain cases, however, the federal or cantonal authorities, depending on their respective area of authority, will supervise private institutions and/or authorise them to offer courses and issue degrees.

Private institutions based in Switzerland that are not accredited under the HEdA may only issue private degrees. Such degrees: – may be used by the holder to carry out an unregulated profession; appreciation of the value of private degrees is left up to employers. Generally speaking, there are no international agreements protecting the value of private degrees; in all cases, it is up to the national authorities in the host country to decide whether to recognise foreign qualifications. Private institutions are able to legitimately carry out their activities in Switzerland by virtue of the principle of economic freedom.*SSBR is authorised by the Canton of Zurich for the provision of quality standards in adult education so the lessons comply with the cantonal regulations.

The Canton of Zurich authorizes SSBR to issue bachelors, masters and doctorate degrees.

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PhD by research

Research groups

Accident Research Unit
Behavioural Neuroscience
Cognition and Language
Computational Neuroscience
Human Development and Learning
Perception and Action
Personality, Social Psychology and Health
Visual Neuroscience

PhD structure

Candidates who are self-funding or who are funded through schemes limited to three years of financial support will generally be offered a three year PhD programme
Candidates funded through the Midlands Graduate School ESRC DTC will generally follow a one year MSc in Social Science Research Methods followed by three years as a PhD student (1+3). However, candidates who already have this or an equivalent qualification or part of the qualification may be offered a three year or three and a half year programme
Candidates who are on the MGS ESRC DTC Digital Society pathway will be on a four year programme
Candidates who enter through the BBSRC DTP are offered a four year PhD programme

Potential supervisors can advise on what options would suit you best.

Outstanding facilities

Dedicated laboratories for human communication, human-computer interaction, social interaction and child development
An extensive library of test materials
Observation studio with one-way mirror
Dedicated system for motion capture used in behaviour analysis
A multiple video camera rig for facial behaviour analysis
Wide selection of eye-tracking equipment
Full-motion driving simulator
Anechoic chamber for hearing research
Laboratories for work on the physiological, psychophysical and computational investigation of the visual system
Dedicated experimental labs for research in neuroscience, fitted with EEG and TMS facilities
Doctoral candidates in psychology can also gain access to the world class facilities for brain imaging (7T fMRI and MEG) at the Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre in the University
Laboratories for the study of animal behaviour through located in the University Biomedical Services Unit in the Queen's Medical Centre
Behavioural laboratories are equipped with state of the art skinner box and maze environments

School of Psychology

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PhD Study in the USA - 2024

Over one million international students choose the USA as their study abroad destination, making it the most popular international study destination in the world! America is known for its comprehensive approach to postgraduate education, combining enhanced subject knowledge and research opportunities with the development of a suite of transferrable skills.

Why study a PhD in the USA?

Accessibility – A US graduate programme takes longer than a UK PhD, but this can also help you find your feet as a PhD student. The taught elements mean you have more time to develop a more detailed understanding of your subject as the basis for your own research.
World-leading universities and research – Rankings aren’t everything, but the global league tables continue to be dominated by US institutions. Amongst other things, this reflects the country’s substantial investment in research output and expertise.
International community - American universities host huge numbers of students from across the world. Whatever and wherever you study, you’ll be welcomed as part of a diverse academic community.
Innovation – America was the second country ( after Germany ) to adopt the modern PhD degree. Its own structured approach to doctoral training is also now influencing PhD study in the UK and Europe .

If you’re interested in studying your PhD in the USA, we’ve covered everything you need to know in our selection of guides below, including applications , visas and funding .

Search for a PhD in the USA

Ready to start looking for your ideal study abroad opportunity? Browse and compare PhD programmes in the USA on FindAPhD.com.

Our postgrad newsletter shares courses, funding news, stories and advice

Everything you need to know about part-time and full-time work as a student or recent graduate in the USA.

Why you'll need health insurance as an international student in the USA and how to find the right plan for you.

Our guide tells you everything about the application process for studying a PhD in the USA.

Our guide to PhD funding in the USA has information on fully-funded PhD scholarships, as well as other funding options for international and domestic students.

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Postgraduate research degrees

Our research is driven by the big picture. The University of Sydney is home to leading researchers who are finding solutions to the world's most pressing issues by changing the way they look at them.

We are home to 90 world‑renowned multidisciplinary research and teaching centres that tackle some of the world’s biggest challenges, such as health, climate change and food security. These centres include the Charles Perkins Centre, the Brain and Mind Centre , The University of Sydney Nano Institute , the Sydney Policy Lab , the Sydney Environment Institute , and the Sydney Southeast Asia Centre .

Our interdisciplinary approach means that students are part of a community of scholars that unites experts in fields as diverse as medicine, arts, social sciences, engineering, information technologies and science.

As a researcher at Sydney, you'll work alongside some of the world's brightest and most accomplished academics. You can access high-calibre facilities and unique international partnerships with top-ranked institutions, including Stanford, UCLA, the University of Edinburgh, Utrecht University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and the University of Hong Kong.

Types of research degrees

Master's degree by research.

A master's degree by research at Sydney:

is the second-highest qualification on the Australian Qualifications Framework
can be a gateway to study at a PhD level
is usually one to two years full-time or two to four years part-time*
is awarded based on a supervised thesis, which makes a substantial contribution to the knowledge of the subject concerned.

*Part-time is not available to international student visa holders.

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

A PhD at Sydney:

is our premier research award and the highest qualification on the Australian Qualifications Framework
comprises of independent research and writing on an approved topic toward a thesis for examination
may be undertaken in all faculties and divisions, or across disciplines
is usually 3.5 years of full-time or seven years of part-time* study.

If you’re interested in a Joint PhD program, you need to follow the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) application steps 1-3. In addition, your proposed supervisor will need to complete a proposal to negotiate a student agreement form. If accepted, you will also be required to sign an individual student agreement. After your student agreement is finalised, you will then be sent an application form for the Joint PhD program.

Please refer to the University's Dual and Joint Degree Policy for full policy details.

Download our Joint PhD programs factsheet (pdf, 116KB) to learn more.

Professional doctorate

A professional doctorate at Sydney:

allows candidates to pursue rigorous scholarship alongside advancing their practice in many fields
is usually three to four years of full-time or six to eight years of part-time* study.

Internship opportunities

Grow professionally and academically through a paid 3-6 month internship with an industry partner as you complete your degree.

The University of Sydney has partnered with Australian Postgraduate Research Intern (APR.Intern) to provide domestic and international HDR students with internship opportunities in a range of sectors and disciplines.

A paid internship will allow you to:

Develop competencies that will contribute to your research
Gain industry experience, develop skills and build networks
Enhance your employability
Earn additional income

HDR coursework

HDR coursework is mandatory for some of our research degrees. HDR coursework adds to your researcher toolkit so you can graduate with a robust set of skills, for a career in academia or industry.

Your faculty may elect to define certain units of study as mandatory for a given degree, or define any other studies as required by the progress evaluation panel of the research project. Refer to the relevant course in the handbook .

Frequently asked questions

Getting started, do i need prior research experience.

Yes, all HDR courses require prior research experience. This is because HDR courses are largely self-driven, requiring pre-requisite research, time and project management skills.

If I have no prior research experience, how can I get started?

If you do not have any previous research experience, there are ways to gain what you need. Both the one-year honours and masters by coursework degrees containing substantial research components are great pathways into research. These courses will allow you to gain the research skills necessary to apply for the PhD.

What is the difference between a Master of Philosophy/Research and a PhD?

The PhD is our premier research award and the highest qualification on the Australian Qualifications Framework. The PhD is usually three years full-time or six years part-time.

The Master of Philosophy/Research is usually one to two years full-time or four years part-time (part-time is available to domestic students only). A PhD thesis is generally around 80,000 words while a master’s thesis is 50,000 words.

How do I find a supervisor?

To browse through the profiles of our researchers and learn about their current and past research, please refer to Find a Researcher . Here, you will also be able to access the publications lists and contact details of our researchers.

My research idea crosses two disciplines – is this a problem?

No. Interdisciplinary research is highly regarded in the world of academia and working across disciplines can be very beneficial in developing and demonstrating different analytical skills. Working on research from two perspectives can also offer insight that you would not be able to achieve from one discipline perspective.

What are the English language requirements for a PhD?

Please check your course page for the requirements of each course. Generally, the English requirements are between 6.0 to 7.0 IELTS overall or equivalent in other accepted English proficiency tests.

How much do HDR courses cost?

There are no course fees for domestic students – fees are covered by the government Research Training Program (RTP) fee offset. However, fees apply to international students. Please refer to the course page for fee details.

What scholarships are available?

We have one of the largest research schemes in Australia. Opportunities include the Australian government-funded Research Training Program (RTP) stipend scholarships, and the University of Sydney and faculty-specific awards. Explore your options .

Degree progression

Do i have to undertake hdr coursework.

It depends on your degree. Your faculty may define certain units of study as mandatory for a given degree. Where this is not the case, you may still have the opportunity to complete units of study that you find useful to support your learning and research.

Can I transfer from the Master of Philosophy into a PhD?

It is possible for students to move to the PhD after the first year of study, if you have made satisfactory progress and if the transfer is approved by your Faculty. It is important to inform your supervisor of your plans early so that you can work on a timeline together to achieve this goal.

Support during your studies

Am i able to work while studying my hdr course full-time.

Yes, you can work during your PhD. How many hours you take on is at your own discretion, and you must ensure that you still allow time for the completion of your research. International HDR students can generally work more hours than coursework students. Please check your individual visa for specific restrictions.

Will the university employ me during my PhD?

There are sometimes opportunities for PhD candidates to engage in paid employment at the University, but this is not guaranteed and is dependent on the Faculty/Department. If opportunities do arise, they may be in the form of teaching, marking, acting as a research assistant, or other roles.

What support services are available to research students?

There is extensive support for research students at Sydney, including 100+ multidisciplinary research and teaching centres.

Other services:

Library workshops for research skills
Academic Liasion Librarians
Research Support Officers
Careers Centre
Sydney University Postgraduate Representative Association (SUPRA)
Learning Hub

How to apply

Find a supervisor.

Search by keyword, location, topic or supervisor name

1800 SYD UNI ( 1800 793 864 )
or +61 2 8627 1444

Student Centre, Level 3 Jane Foss Russell Building, Darlington Campus

Opening hours: 9am to 5pm, Monday to Friday

Prospective students

Facts & figures

Research at Sydney

Top 20 Ranked one of the world's top universities*
100% of our research is ranked at world standard and above by the Australian Research Council
100+ multidisciplinary research and teaching centres
* QS World University Rankings 2025

Research scholarships

How to write a research proposal, 6 ways to finance your postgraduate study.

Applying for a Doctoral Program

a doctoral student leans over a microscope

Start Your Application

Manage Your Application

A Doctorate is the highest academic degree awarded by universities in most fields of study. It involves several years of rigorous research, culminating in a dissertation that contributes new knowledge to the field. Doctoral candidates work closely with a faculty advisor to explore and answer complex questions, often pushing the boundaries of what is known.

Applying to a doctoral program is like applying for a job. This process requires more diligence and patience than applying for a Master’s degree. To stand out from a competitive pool of candidates, you must prepare a strong application that includes your academic achievements, any related research experience, and a clear statement of your research interests and goals. Be sure to demonstrate your passion, fit for the program, and your interest in RIT.

Explore our doctoral programs

How to Apply for a Doctoral Program

For details on the exact application requirements for your program, visit the Application Details section on your degree page and thoroughly review the graduate application instructions page .

Most doctoral programs have an application deadline of January 15 and admit to Fall terms only, but be sure to verify the application deadline for your program and start terms before applying. Many programs will accept applications on a rolling basis after the priority deadline has passed until all spots are filled. For tips on completing your application, view our Ph.D. Application 101 recording .
Early applicants may see a “Hold for Program Deadline/Review Date” on the checklist in their portal. This an administrative hold that prevents applications from going for review until after December 15th. You will be notified when your file is sent to the review committee by email.
Choose the Right Doctoral Program: Review individual doctoral program pages carefully to learn the curriculum, research focus areas, facility profiles, and facilities to determine if the program is a good fit for you and to ensure that your interests and background align with the degree. The application will allow you to enter up to three choices in order of preference.
Research Your Faculty Interests: Identify faculty members whose research aligns with your interests. Matching your research area with potential advisors strengthens your application and helps ensure a good fit. It is not necessary to secure a faculty advisor in order to submit your application. Learn more about researching faculty and areas of interest
Craft Your Statement of Purpose for Research: This requirement should clearly convey your research interests, indicate what faculty member(s) you would like to work with, your experience, and why you want to pursue a doctorate at RIT. Each program may have specific guidelines, so be sure to address them. There is no minimum or maximum length. If you listed more than one program choice in your application it is suggested that you prepare separate statements for each program (doctoral and/or master’s). You may upload all three at the time you submit your application, or wait for a decision on your first choice program. View program-specific criteria
Choose Strong References: Make sure you choose the right people to submit letters of recommendation and give them plenty of time so they can prepare their support letter in advance. References should speak to your ability and promise to become a successful independent researcher. Professors, research supervisors, or professional mentors make ideal choices.
Update Your CV/Resume: Ensure your CV or resume is current and highlights relevant academic achievements, research experience, publications, and professional skills.
Verify Admission Requirements: Double-check all admission requirements and application details for your chosen program. Ensure you have all necessary materials, including transcripts, test scores, and any additional documents. You do not need to submit financial documents as part of your doctoral application. Focus on preparing a strong academic and research-focused application to showcase your qualifications and readiness for doctoral study.
Understand Decision Timing: The review process typically starts in late January and may take several weeks to a few months. Be patient as the committee evaluates your application and aligns faculty advisors with candidates in matching research areas where funding is available. You may be invited to interview if faculty would like to know more about you. Interviews are not required. Admission decisions are first communicated in mid-March and continue until the class is full. If you are not admitted to your first choice program, allow additional time for review for second and third choices. RIT does not simultaneously review for multiple programs.
Replying to an Offer of Admission: Accepted candidates must respond to their doctoral degree offers by April 15 or the date indicated on your admit letter and in their portal. If you decide to accept your offer, you are expected to honor your commitment to enroll at RIT as a doctoral student. This ensures a smooth transition into your program and reflects your professionalism and reliability.

Researching Faculty Advisors and/or Research Interest Areas

Identifying a potential faculty research advisor(s) and research interest areas in your Statement of Purpose for Research is important. It is not necessary to secure a faculty advisor(s) in order to submit your application.

Here are avenues for your research:

Align Research Interests

Ensure your research interests align with those of potential advisors. This alignment is crucial for a productive and supportive mentoring relationship. Review faculty members' recent publications and current projects to understand their focus areas. Visit the program page to learn about the current research for your program.

Use RIT’s “Find an Expert” Tool

Utilize RIT’s Find an Expert tool to identify faculty members with specific expertise. This resource can help you narrow down potential advisors based on your research interests. You may also want to use Google Scholar and search for RIT faculty.

Explore RIT’s Faculty Directory

Start by exploring the RIT Faculty Directory to find faculty members whose research aligns with your interests. This directory provides detailed profiles, including research areas, publications, and contact information.

Explore our Research Centers and Institutes:

RIT is home to a diverse array of research centers and institutes that drive innovation across various fields. These centers provide state-of-the-art facilities and collaborative environments to support groundbreaking research. Explore our extensive list of research centers and institutes

Reach Out to Potential Advisors

Once you’ve identified potential advisors, you may choose to reach out to them with a well-crafted email. This is not required but encouraged. Introduce yourself, briefly explain your research interests, and express why you’re interested in their work. Attach your CV and any relevant documents. Be respectful of their time and follow up if you don’t hear back within a couple of weeks. Do pay attention if it is documented that a faculty advisor is not taking on new students.

Funding Sources for Doctoral Students

Doctoral students typically receive full tuition and an RIT Graduate Research Assistantship (GRA) or Graduate Teaching Assistantship (GTA) that will pay a stipend for the academic year. There is not a separate application process for scholarship and assistantship consideration

Assistantships and Stipends

Research and teaching assistantships provide valuable experience and come with stipends that help cover living expenses during the school year, such as room and board.

Summer Support Some programs are able to offer stipend support during the summer. Eligibility for summer funding will be determined by the graduate advisor and/or program director.

Funding Throughout Program Funding throughout your doctoral program will depend on your satisfactory academic and research performance. Students are expected to fulfill their assistantship duties responsibly and make satisfactory progress towards their degree. It is expected that starting your second year, funding will be provided from your college either through a Teaching Assistantship or by your graduate advisor from external funds.

Student Fees Full-time students are responsible for both Student Activity and Student Health Services fees. In addition, RIT expects that all students will have health care insurance. Learn more about student fees

Timing and Distribution of Stipends

Graduate Research Assistants and Graduate Teaching Assistants receive a semi-monthly stipend payment starting a few weeks after the initial enrollment term. For U.S. Citizens and Permanent Residents, no taxes are withheld at the time the payment is made. However, students are encouraged to file estimated tax payments quarterly. Detailed information about the timing and distribution of stipends will be provided by your academic department.

Financial Document Submission

Doctoral applicants are not required to submit financial documents as part of the application process. Focus on showcasing your academic and research potential without the added stress of financial documentation. If you are admitted, you will receive funding notification with your admission offer and international students who require a student visa will be assisted through the I-20 process.

Student Support and Community

two students sit at a table doing work together

Doctoral Student Association

The Doctoral Student Association provides an inviting environment that brings students together to encourage collaborative work. Doctorate students collaborate to produce high-quality journal publications and conference presentations in a friendly and encouraging environment. The group also provides information about professional and social activities to help produce well-rounded graduate students.

Learn more about the Doctoral Student Association

a student stands at a podium in front of banners

RIT Graduate School

The RIT Graduate School acts as a central hub, enhancing the academic journey for graduate students by cultivating a diverse scholarly community and offering robust professional development programs. This supportive environment, backed by dedicated faculty and staff, empowers students to excel in their research, scholarship, and creative endeavors.

Learn more about the RIT Graduate School

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between a doctorate and a master’s degree?

Understanding the differences between a doctorate (Ph.D.) and a master's (M.S.) degree program is crucial in making an informed decision. While a master's program typically focuses on advancing your knowledge and skills in a specific area, a doctorate emphasizes original research and developing new theories or applications.

Can I go from a Bachelor’s degree to a Doctorate? Do I need a Master’s degree first?

Yes, you can go directly from a Bachelor's degree (BS) to a Doctorate program. You are not required to get a master’s degree before pursuing a Doctorate. This pathway can be a strategic choice depending on your career goals and readiness for advanced research.

May I have an application fee waiver?

The $65 application fee covers the management and processing of your record and admission materials. If you are unable to pay our application fee due to financial hardship, we encourage you to carefully consider the expenses associated with graduate study before applying.

Is there a set GPA requirement for being considered for a doctoral program at RIT?

Admitted doctoral students typically have a GPA of 3.0 or above. If it is lower, you will not necessarily be eliminated from consideration. You are welcome to apply. The Admissions Committee will consider your complete application when making a decision.

Do I need to provide GRE or GMAT scores ?

Requirements vary by program. Refer to your doctoral program page or the deadlines and requirements table for details. For programs that require test scores, we do not state minimum GRE or GMAT scores. Official scores should be sent to RIT directly from the testing agency using Institute code 2760.

What are the English language test score requirements? As an international student do I need to submit scores?

An official score report for the TOEFL, IELTS Academic, PTE Academic exam, or RIT English Language Proficiency Test is required of all international applicants who are not eligible for a waiver. We do not accept letters from your college or university indicating "English proficiency" or letters indicating courses were taught in English in place of official English language test scores. We do not accept Duolingo scores. See the “English Language Test Requirements” section in the Application Materials section of the Application Instructions for full details.

Do I need to have authored research papers to apply for admission to a doctoral degree?

No, you do not need published research papers to apply for a doctoral degree. A majority of admitted students do not have prior experience authoring research papers. However, admission to a doctoral degree is very competitive, and having published research papers helps strengthen your application.

How many students apply for doctoral study, and how many are admitted?

Admission to an RIT doctoral program is highly competitive. The number of applications received and the number of fully funded opportunities are limited and vary from year to year and by program.

Will the stipend fully cover living costs in the US?

The stipend should cover modest living expenses (housing and food), fees (student activity fee and health services fee), and costs for books, supplies, and some personal expenses. However, each student differs in their preferred living styles and their relative expenses. Doctoral students are permitted to take on other part-time employment so long as it does not interfere with their doctoral work (international students are only able to work on campus, for a total of 20 hours per week including their research positions). On-campus opportunities can be found through Career Connect .

Do doctoral students need to have personal finances available upon arriving at RIT?

Though our Ph.D. is fully funded, students do need to have their own funds available for travel and arrival in the US and to get settled in Rochester immediately upon entering the program. Please be sure to keep this in mind as you consider applying and your finances. If admitted, your first payment/stipend would not be until a few weeks into the program, so you will need to have a foundation of funds available for housing and other living expenses before that.

Is funding throughout the program guaranteed?

Your full tuition and assistantship stipend responsibilities will be determined by your graduate advisor and/or program director. It is our expectation that you will fulfill your duties responsibly and make satisfactory progress towards your degree. Funding in future years will depend on your satisfactory academic and research performance. It is expected that starting your second year, funding will be provided from your college either through a Teaching Assistantship or by your graduate advisor from external funds.

Our team is here to help you as you apply to RIT's doctoral programs. Do not hesitate to reach out if you have questions or need assistance.

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Our Research

Research Degrees

PhD Bursary in Histories of Making and M...

PhD Bursary in Histories of Making and Material Culture

Our flourishing research and scholarship culture celebrates and enables original investigation; extending knowledge fields and developing new understanding within the arts.

Arts University Bournemouth (AUB) is pleased to offer one part-time fees-only bursary for the above PhD opportunity to outstanding applicants seeking to begin a programme of research with AUB in February 2025.

The research aligns to the University’s design history and cultural heritage research cluster, which includes the Thorp Modelmaking Archive and the Museum of Design in Plastics (MoDiP).

Bursary terms and conditions
Proposal guidelines

	Bursary details
Qualification type	PhD
Location	Bournemouth
Funding for	UK/Home Students
Funding amount	Home Tuition Fees paid for up to five years
Hours	Part-time
Application deadline	30 November 2024

Application overview

While the successful candidate will have a large degree of freedom in developing their research, it's envisaged that the PhD will adopt a primarily historical or biographical position in exploring past cultures of making within, for example, architecture, design, media, craft, furniture making, textiles, or traditional manufacture.

Potential research questions might be centred on topics such as:

Revealing the lives and contributions of previously undocumented individual makers or companies.
Examining the historical ‘othering’ or underrepresentation of marginalised groups of makers (by race, gender, sexuality, class, nationality, etc.)
Recording obsolescent or endangered making practices and the transmission of tacit knowledge.
Considering historical cultures of making within the wider representation of cultural heritage (through literature, media, the arts, for example).

Applications from both art/design and humanities backgrounds are encouraged, and the research is expected to contribute new insights that will enrich the understanding and appreciation of making in its widest context through the completion of a written thesis.

Supervision

Supervision will be led by Dr David Lund, Senior Lecturer, BA (Hons) Modelmaking and BA (Hons) Design.

Person Specification and Eligibility Criteria

Candidates for a PhD studentship must demonstrate outstanding qualities and be motivated to complete a PhD in five years (part-time).
Applicants should hold a first or 2:1 Honours degree and typically a Master's degree in an appropriate subject.
Applicants with alternative qualifications/experience will be considered if they can demonstrate relevant achievement. Applicants whose first language is not English will be expected to have an IELTS score of at least 7.0 with 7.0 minimum in writing.
In addition to satisfying basic entry criteria, AUB will look closely at the research potential and academic qualities of each candidate and what they can bring to their chosen research project in order to ensure successful and timely completion.

Applicants are also invited from students who wish to self-fund their studies.

Please refer to the bursary terms and conditions for further details. We particularly welcome applicants who self-identify as being from a Black, Asian or Minority Ethnic (BAME/Global Majority) background.

How to apply

All applicants should apply via AUB's online application portal .
As part of the application, you'll be required to submit a 1,500-word proposal that follows the guidelines available on the website; and two academic references. You should also upload a copy of your CV.
You should clearly state in your proposal that you wish to be considered for this bursary.
Closing date for applications is 30 November 2024 . Interviews will take place in December.

Further information

AUB’s Research Degrees are awarded in partnership with University of the Arts London.

Enquiries regarding our PhD programmes and the admissions process, please contact the AUB Research Office: [email protected] .

Explore more

At AUB, we celebrate, support and enable research within the arts.

Research impact

Discover AUB’s Impact Case Studies submitted to REF 2021

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Our Research Ethics Policy and Procedure document sets out the guiding principles for the development and conduct of research

If you aspire to know your subject in greater depth or make a significant academic contribution, a research degree could be the answer

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PhD by Publication. A PhD by publication is a degree awarded in recognition of an extensive amount of research published in numerous formats or journals. Unlike a conventional doctorate, you are not expected to undertake a new research project. This page will give a simple overview of what a PhD by publication is, and how to get one.
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PhD Bursary in Histories of…
Arts University Bournemouth (AUB) is pleased to offer one part-time fees-only bursary for the above PhD opportunity to outstanding applicants seeking to begin a programme of research with AUB in February 2025. The research aligns to the University's design history and cultural heritage research ...

Philosophy Doctor (Ph.D) Degree by Research via distance learning

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Introduction

What is a PhD by Publication?

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How Long Does a PhD by Publication Take?

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